护理临床实习案例分析幻灯片课件.ppt

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1、护理临床实习案例分析Introduction Patient A,30 years old,G1P0,pregnancy uterine 39weeks and 2 days,cephalic in labor,admitted at FEU-NRMF HOSPITAL on February 8,2018.CHIEF COMPLAINT:Hypogastric Pain2HistoryvHISTORY OF PRESENT PREGNANCY:LMP:May 9,2017 AOG by LMP:39 weeks 2 days EDC by LMP:February 12,2018PMP:Ap

2、ril 8,2017 AOG by EUTZ:39 weeks 3 days EDC by EUTZ:February 12,2018First Trimester First Trimester*On the 1 month of missed period(June 2017):cessation of menses,nausea and vomiting.Self-pregnancy test was done,which revealed a positive result.*She consulted a private obstetrician where diagnostic t

3、ests such as complete blood count,urinalysis,VDRL/RPR and hepatitis B antigen screening were done.All revealed normal results except for urinalysis which revealed urinary urinary tract tract infectioninfection.She was prescribed Cefuroxime 500mg BID for 1 weekCefuroxime 500mg BID for 1 week,and repe

4、at urinalysis afterwards was normal.*Transvaginal ultrasound for pregnancy evaluation revealed a single intrauterine pregnancy compatible to 15 weeks and 2 days age of gestation(August 2017).*She was given multivitamins and Folic acid 1 tablet once a day which she took regularly.*She denies any hist

5、ory of accidents,trauma,or any exposure to radiation and toxic chemicals.*Patient had an episode of colds and took cefuroxime 500mg twice a day for 5 dayshad an episode of colds and took cefuroxime 500mg twice a day for 5 days.*She also took Loratadine 10mg once daily for her allergic rhinitis.Lorat

6、adine 10mg once daily for her allergic rhinitis.3HistoryvHISTORY OF PRESENT PREGNANCY:Second Trimester Second Trimester*Quickening was felt on the 5th month of pregnancy(October 2017).*She had regular intake of Multivitamins 1 tab daily,Ferrous sulfate 1 tablet once a day,and Calcium 1 tablet twice

7、a day.Only urinalysis was done at the health center revealing that she had urinary urinary tract infectiontract infection.she was prescribed Cefuroxime 500mg BID for 1 week Cefuroxime 500mg BID for 1 week to which she was compliant.*Transabdominal ultrasound for gender determination was done on the

8、7th month of pregnancy revealing single intrauterine pregnancy compatible to 28 weeks and 4 days age of gestation(November 2017).*She denies any history of accidents,trauma,illness,or any exposure to radiation and toxic chemicals.4HistoryThird TrimesterThird Trimester*Subsequent prenatal check-ups w

9、ere regular as well as intake of multivitamins 1 tablet once a day,Ferrous sulfate 1 tablet once a day,and calcium 1 tablet twice a day.*Capillary blood glucose monitoring and 75g OGTT was done which revealed increased results.Exact values were unrecalled by the patient.She was prescribed with Novo

10、Novo Rapid Rapid insulin,insulin,4 4 units units taken 2 hours post mealstaken 2 hours post meals.She was also advised to do capillary blood glucose monitoring at home.*Subjective complaints experienced included headache headache and and dizzinessdizziness.No hypogastric pain,abnormal vaginal discha

11、rge,vaginal spotting,dysuria,and fever.She denies any history of accidents,trauma,illness,or any exposure to radiation or toxic chemicalsThe present condition started 5 hours prior(5:00pm)to admission when the patient experienced crampy crampy intermittent intermittent hypogastric hypogastric pain p

12、ain radiating radiating to to the the lower lower back back with with a a pain pain scale scale of of 8-9 8-9 out out of of 1010.This was associated with scanty bloody vaginal discharge.She sought consult at our institution and was subsequently admitted.5HistoryvPAST MEDICAL HISTORY:The patient had

13、usual childhood diseases such as mumps,measles,and chickenpoxmumps,measles,and chickenpox.She denies any history of major illnesses,trauma,accidents,or major operations.She was admitted last June due to persistent persistent vomiting vomiting and and dehydrationdehydration.Patient has allergic aller

14、gic rhinitis rhinitis and was diagnosed with with gestational gestational diabetesdiabetes last January maintained on Novo Rapid insulin 4 units taken 2 hours post meals.on Novo Rapid insulin 4 units taken 2 hours post meals.6HistoryvFAMILY HISTORY:Father:hypertensionMother:kidney stones,died due to

15、 cardiac arrestThe patient is 3th among 5 siblings with 4 sisters and 1 brother.Her eldest is 33 years old who is a controlled hypertensive with gestational diabetes mellitus.Her second sibling is 32 years old with kidney stones.The 4th sibling is 29 years old who is a controlled hypertensive.The 5t

16、h sibling is 20 years old who is apparently well.7HistoryvPERSONAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY:Patient is a high-school graduate and currently works as a machine operatorHabits:Non-smoker,non-alcoholic beverage drinker vREPRODUCTIVE HISTORY:GYNECOLOGIC HISTORYGYNECOLOGIC HISTORYThe patient had menarche at 13

17、 years old which lasted 4 days,light flow,consuming 3 pads per day and not associated with dysmenorrhea.Subsequent menstruations menstruations were were irregularirregular,with an interval of approximately 1 to 3 months lasting 3 to 4 days,moderate flow,consuming 4-5 pads per day,and associated with

18、 dysmenorrhea.8HistoryvREPRODUCTIVE HISTORY:OBSTETRICAL HISTORYOBSTETRICAL HISTORYThe patient is a primigravid METHOD OF CONTRACEPTION METHOD OF CONTRACEPTION The method for contraception use is oral contraceptive pills from June 2016 to December 2016.She took the pills everyday before going to bed

19、SEXUAL HISTORY SEXUAL HISTORY At 27 years old with 2 sexual partners.Unknown number of sexual partners of her husband.She is currently in a monogamous heterosexual relationship.9ReviewofSystems:Constitutional:Constitutional:No fever and chills,malaise,weight loss Hematology:Hematology:No easy fatiga

20、bility,no easy bruise ability,no pallor CNS:CNS:No headache;no seizure;no loss of consciousness HEENT:HEENT:No blurring of vision;no hearing loss;no tinnitus Respiratory:Respiratory:No dyspnea;no cough;no colds;no apnea CVS:CVS:No orthopnea;no palpitationGIT:GIT:No diarrhea;no constipation GUT:GUT:N

21、o dysuria,frequency,no urgencyNMS:NMS:No malaise;no arthralgia;no myalgia;no numbness10PhysicalExamination General Survey:The patient is conscious,coherent,not in cardiopulmonary distress with the following vital signs:BP:110/80mmHg PR:81 bpm RR:19 Temp:36.2 Sat:98%HEENT:Anicteric sclera,pink palpeb

22、ral conjunctiva,no nasoaural discharge,notonsillopharyngeal congestion Neck:Supple neck,no neck vein engorgement,no lymphadenopathies noted Chest:Symmetrical chest expansion,no retractions,no laggingLungs:Vesicular breath sounds,no crackles,no wheezes Heart:A dynamic precordium,normal rate,regular r

23、hythm,no murmur Breast:Symmetrical contour,no dimpling,no palpable mass,no tenderness,no abnormal nipple discharge 11PhysicalExaminationAbdomen:Globularly enlarged with a fundic height of 31cms,fundus occupied by breech,fetal back on the right,fetal small parts on the left,cephalic,unengaged,FHT-140

24、s best heard on the right lower quadrant,estimated fetal weight 2,945 grams.Speculum Exam:Clean looking cervix with scanty pinking to brownish discharge,non-foul smellingInternal Exam:Normal looking external genitalia,nulliparous introitus,vagina admits 2 fingers with ease,4cms 50%effaced,intact bag

25、 of waters,cephalic,station-3 Extremities:Extremities:No gross deformities,full and equal pulses no edema,no cyanosis,CRT 38.5 in a single measurement,or three temperatures of 38 by discharge.Maintain a clean environment.Ensure the clients room and bathroom is cleaned frequently and appropriately.A

26、clean environment may discourage the growth of microorganisms.Goal Met:Linens separated r/t dirty and clean in restroom,personal care supplies kept off floor,bed linens changed per day open through to discharge.25NursingCarePlanNursing problem 2Risk for Acute Pain:may be related to increased muscle

27、contractions and psychological reactionsGoals:The patient verbalizes reduced discomfort or pain26NursingCarePlanInterventionsRationaleEvaluation Assess location,nature(lithotomy position),and duration of pain,especially as it relates to the indication for cesarean birth.Indicates the suitable choice

28、 of treatment.The patient awaiting imminent cesarean birth may encounter varying degrees of discomfort,depending on the indication for the procedure,e.g.,failed induction,dystocia.Goal Met:Patient verbalizes reduced discomfort or painDrop anxiety-producing circumstance(e.g.,loss of control),give acc

29、urate information,and encourage presence of partner.Levels of pain tolerance are individual and are affected by various factors.Extreme anxiety following an emergency situation may develop discomfort due to fear,tension,and pain affecting the patients ability to cope.27NursingCarePlanInterventionsRa

30、tionaleEvaluation Educate proper relaxation techniques;position for comfort as possible.Use Therapeutic Touch,as appropriate.May help in decreasing anxiety and tension,promote comfort and enhance sense of well-being.Goal Met:Patient verbalizes reduced discomfort or painPatient participated in behavi

31、ors to diminish pain sensations and enhance comfort.If indicated,administer medications such as sedative,narcotics,or preoperative drugs.Promotes comfort by blocking pain impulses.Potentiates the action of anesthetic agents.28NursingCarePlanNursing problem 3Anxiety:May be related to perceived/Actual

32、 threat of maternal and fetal well-being,situational crisis,threat to self-conceptGoals:*The patient discusses feelings about cesarean birth.*The patient appears relaxed and comfortable.*The patient verbalizes fears for the safety of herself and infant.29NursingCarePlanInterventionsRationaleEvaluati

33、on Assess psychological response to event and availability of support systems.The greater the patient perceives the threat,the greater the level of her anxiety.Goal Met:The patient discussed feelings about cesarean birth.The patient appears relaxed and comfortable.The patient verbalizes fears for th

34、e safety of herself and infant.Remain with the patient,and stay calm.Speak in a slow manner.Convey empathy.Helps to reduce interpersonal transmission anxiety,and shows caring for the patient or couple.Reinforce positive aspects of maternal and fetal condition.Focuses on likelihood of desirable outco

35、me and helps to bring perceived or actual threat into perspective.30NursingCarePlanInterventionsRationaleEvaluation Let the patient or couple verbalize or express inner thoughts and feelings.Helps to distinguish negative feelings and concerns as well as provides chance to cope with uncertain or unre

36、solved feelings or grief.The patient may also feel an emotional intimidation to her self-esteem,owing to her feelings that she has failed,that she is weak as a woman,and that her expectations have not been met.Goal Met:The patient discussed feelings about cesarean birth.The patient appears relaxed a

37、nd comfortable.The patient verbalizes fears for the safety of herself and infant.Allow patient to discuss and elaborate past childbirth experience or expectations,as appropriate.Patient may have twisted thoughts of past delivery or unrealistic perceptions of abnormality of cesarean birth that will i

38、ncrease anxiety.31NursingCarePlanInterventionsRationaleEvaluation Support/redirect expressed coping mechanisms.Improves fundamental and automatic coping mechanisms,increases self-confidence and acceptance,and reduces anxiety.Note:Some actions by the patient may be viewed as ineffective(e.g.,screamin

39、g and throwing things)and need to be redirected to enhance patients sense of control.Goal Met:The patient discussed feelings about cesarean birth.The patient appears relaxed and comfortable.The patient verbalizes fears for the safety of herself and infant.Allot time for privacy.Allows patient or couple to internalize information,organize resources,and cope effectively.32THANKS33此此课课件下件下载载可自行可自行编辑编辑修改，修改，仅仅供参考！供参考！感感谢谢您的支持，我您的支持，我们们努力做得更好！努力做得更好！谢谢谢谢