中考英语考前指导.pptx
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1、解题策略解题策略1.心态平和,自信从容。心态平和,自信从容。2.精神饱满,集中精力。精神饱满,集中精力。3.耐心仔细,谨防遗漏。耐心仔细,谨防遗漏。第1页/共69页1.冠词冠词2.连词连词3.介词介词4.名词名词5.代词代词6.形容词和副词形容词和副词7.动词短语动词短语8.同义词辨析同义词辨析9.疑问词疑问词10.数词数词11.感叹句感叹句考考点点扫扫瞄瞄第2页/共69页12.连系动词连系动词13.情态动词情态动词14.非谓语动词非谓语动词15.反意疑问句反意疑问句16.选择疑问句选择疑问句17.宾语从句宾语从句18.被动语态被动语态19.特殊句型和固定结构特殊句型和固定结构20.延续性与短
2、暂性延续性与短暂性21.交际用语交际用语考考点点扫扫瞄瞄第3页/共69页语言知识语言知识:1.冠词冠词(a,an,the,/)2.连词连词:a)and,but,or,so b)though/although,unless=if-not-c)until,when,before,after,while,as,as soon as,since d)because of,because,as,since,so e)so-that-,so that,too-to-f)that,if/whether,what,how,when 第4页/共69页3.介词介词:a)时间前的介词时间前的介词:in,on,at,
3、until,during,after,before,since,for b)方位介词方位介词:through,past,over,across,along,around,below,above,under,between-and-,among,from-to-c)except,besides,including,instead of,like,with,without 第5页/共69页4.名词名词:a)不可数名词不可数名词:advice,news,information,weather,work,fun b)集体名词集体名词:the police,the family,peoplec)单复同形
4、单复同形:sheep,fishd)名词所有格名词所有格:s/se)复合名词复合名词:women/men teachersf)名词复数名词复数:-ves,-oes,-ies feet,women,teeth,children Germans,Walkmans第6页/共69页5.代词代词:a)人称代词、物主代词、反身代词人称代词、物主代词、反身代词 b)不定代词不定代词:all,none,any,every,anotherboth,neither,either,each,the othersomething,anything,nothing,everythingsomebody,anybody,n
5、obody,everybodysomeone,anyone,no one,everyone区别:区别:1)none,no one,nothing 2)everyone,every one of 3)none,not all/all not/not every 4)it,one,ones,that 5)so,such,neither,nor 第7页/共69页6.形容词、副词及其比较等级形容词、副词及其比较等级构成:双写:构成:双写:wetter,fatter,sadder,bigger,thinner,slimmest,hotter 不规则:不规则:bad/badly/ill-worse-wor
6、st little-less-least far-farther-farthest -further-furthest older/elder 多音节:多音节:expensive-more-most -less-least healthier,more healthily 第8页/共69页形容词、副词形容词、副词形容词修饰人或物:形容词修饰人或物:sunny,cloudy,windy,rainy friendly,daily,weekly -ful,-less;un-/im-/dis-/in-/ir-ed/-ing:excited/exciting pleased/pleasant/pleas
7、ure(n.)副词修饰动词、形容词等:副词修饰动词、形容词等:badly,sadly,angrily,easily,politely -ple/-ble/-tle:terribly,simply,gently*true-truly第9页/共69页形容词、副词比较等级形容词、副词比较等级a)同级比较:同级比较:as-as-not-as/so-as-A is like B./A and B are alike.the same as-/different from-A is the same size as B.b)比较级比较级:much,a little,even,far-than-/the t
8、aller of the two The more-,the better-c)最高级最高级of/among/in/序数词序数词+/one of+*区别:区别:than any-;than any other-第10页/共69页7.动词短语动词短语:put up/put away/put on/put off/put out look up/look over/look for/look after turn up/turn down/turn on/turn off have been to/have gone to/have been in give out 分发,散发分发,散发 /giv
9、e away赠赠送,分发,泄露送,分发,泄露/give up 放弃放弃/give in 屈服屈服 take off 脱下,起飞脱下,起飞/take down 取取下下/take out取出取出/take away拿走,夺拿走,夺走,拆去走,拆去/take in 吸进吸进第11页/共69页8.同义词辨析同义词辨析:spend/cost/pay/take borrow/lend/keep/forget/leave;take/bring/get/carry wear/dress/put on/try on say/speak/tell/call/talk arrive in(at)/get to/r
10、each the reason for /the cause of 第12页/共69页a number of/the number offew/little/a few/a little(only,just,still+肯肯)alone/lonelyasleep/sleepydie/dying/be dead/deathfloor/groundused to do sth/be used to doing sth/be used to do/for doing sthboth-and-/not only-but also-neither-nor-/either-or-第13页/共69页9.同形
11、不同义的词用法辨析同形不同义的词用法辨析:if:1)如果,主句将来,从句现在。)如果,主句将来,从句现在。2)是否,该用将来时就用。)是否,该用将来时就用。=whether when:I will call you when he comes today.I dont know when he will come today.He came in when I was writing a letter.room:房间房间,可数名词可数名词;空间空间,不可数名词不可数名词=space make room for sb.给给腾出地方腾出地方第14页/共69页9.疑问词疑问词:a)what,how,
12、who,which,when,whereb)how long,how soon,how often,how far区别区别:what/who;what/which;what/how who/whom/whoseWhat do you call that?How do you say that?what to do with sth/how to deal with sthCan you tell me what life will be like?What do you think of sth?How do you like/find/feel about sth?第15页/共69页10.数
13、词数词:基数词基数词:forty,ninety 百位与十位之间加百位与十位之间加and,十位与个位十位与个位之间加连字符号之间加连字符号.three thousand two hundred and forty-five(3245)序数词序数词:first,second,third,fourth,ninth,twelfth,twentieth,fortieth,ninetieth,twenty-secondthe twentieth century;the Fourth Unitcome first第16页/共69页复数的应用复数的应用:in ones fifties,the eighties
14、 of the last century the 1980s分数分数:one third;three quarters;two fifths_ the people took part in the activity.A.Three hundred B.Three hundreds C.Three hundred of D.Three hundreds of 第17页/共69页11.感叹句感叹句:What+形容词形容词+名词名词+主语主语+动词动词!How+形容词形容词/副词副词+主语主语+动词动词!What a nice day it is!What fine weather it is!(
15、work,news,information,food,advice)What fun it is!What a great time we had!What a heavy rain!How beautifully she is dancing!(对照对照so/such 用法)用法)第18页/共69页12.连系动词连系动词+形容词形容词,无被动语态无被动语态.sound,taste,smell不能与不能与well 连连用用,不用进行时态不用进行时态.feel,look+well 表身体健康表身体健康 +good表全方位好表全方位好 That sounds exciting,doesnt it?
16、Lovely weather,isnt it?The meat smells _.Throw it away.A.bad B.good C.badly D.nicely The cloth washes _.A.easy B.easily C.difficult D.difficulty A.badB.easily第19页/共69页13.情态动词情态动词+动词原形动词原形 can,may,must,need,ought to have to,dare,could,might cant,may not,neednt,oughtnt to,dont have to,darent,couldnt M
17、ay I-?Yes,you may./No,you cant.Could I-?Yes,you can./No,you cant.Must I-?Yes,you must.No,you neednt/dont have to.第20页/共69页比较比较:neednt do sth/dont need to do need sth/dont need sth 表猜测表猜测:can可能可能,用于疑问句中用于疑问句中 Can you be here before eight?用于表示事情发生的前提条件用于表示事情发生的前提条件 If you arent careful,fire can be dan
18、gerous.may可能可能,用于肯定句中用于肯定句中 Im not sure.It may be Kittys.must 一定一定 cant 不可能不可能,一定不一定不第21页/共69页14.非谓语动词非谓语动词:a)动词动词+doing:spend,keep,finish,practise,enjoy,mind,suggest,consider,give up,feel like be busy,have fun,have a good time,have difficulty/trouble/problems,cant help,be worth b)forget doing/to do
19、 remember doing/doing stop doing/to do go on doing/to do第22页/共69页c)动词动词+to do plan,decide,prepare,would like,agree,fail,hope,refuse,promise ask/tell/advise sb to do/not to dod)动词动词+do help do/to do/with sth see,hear,watch,make,let sb do sthe)介词介词+doing Thanks for doing./think of doing/How about doin
20、g?/without getting angry第23页/共69页He spent as much time as he could _ playing the violin.A.practise B.practising C.practised D.to practise He spent as little time as Sandy _(do)on it.Each of us should do what we can _ the disabled.A.help B.to help C.helping D.helps B.practisingdidB.to help第24页/共69页15
21、.反意疑问句反意疑问句:前肯后否前肯后否,前否后肯前否后肯 否定词否定词:few,little,no,nothing,nobody,none,seldom,never,hardly He is never late,is he?-No,he isnt.He always comes early.He is unhappy,isnt he?-Yes,he is.He failed the exam.Lets-,shall we?-Thats a good idea.Dont-,will you?-No,I wont.Do-,will you?-Yes,I will.第25页/共69页Jack f
22、ailed in the competition,_he?A.did B.didnt C.was D.wasnt Helen hates to borrow money from others,_?A.does she B.doesnt she C.does Helen D.doesnt Helen -Tom dislikes swimming,doesnt he?-_.He never goes swimming with us.A.Yes,he does B.No,he doesnt C.Yes,he doesnt D.No,he doesdidntB.doesnt sheA.Yes,he
23、 does第26页/共69页17.宾语从句宾语从句:连词连词:that,if,whether,特殊疑问特殊疑问词词 语序语序:陈述句陈述句(主谓顺序主谓顺序)Do you know who he is?Can you tell me what is in the box?Could you tell me what is the matter with you?时态时态:1.主句过去主句过去,从句过去从句过去 2.主句现在主句现在,从句任意从句任意 3.客观规律客观规律,自然现象用一般现在时自然现象用一般现在时.The teacher told us the earth goes around
24、 the sun.第27页/共69页18.被动语态被动语态:(by sb)am/is/are+过去分词过去分词 was/were+过去过去分词分词无被动语态:无被动语态:happen,take place,appear,come out,sell well,feel soft19.延续性与短暂性延续性与短暂性 die-be dead fall asleep-be asleep borrow-keep buy-have join-be in leave-be away begin-be on open-be open finish-be over come/go-be inHow long ha
25、ve you _ this school?A.been to B.gone to C.been in D.come toC第28页/共69页20.特殊句型和固定结构特殊句型和固定结构:would rather do sth than(do)sth prefer doing to doing prefer sth to sth prefer to do rather than(do)sth Will you please do/not do sth?had better do/not do sth Would you like to do sth?Its better to do than to
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