初中英语阅读理解解题技巧攻略.教程文件.ppt

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1、初中英语阅读理解解题技初中英语阅读理解解题技巧攻略巧攻略.初中阅读理解考查的主要内容题材及政治经济、社会文化、风俗习惯、历史地理、科学技术l 体裁记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文新闻报道、广告、通知、操作说明、表格综合运用所学语言知识的能力，包括阅读、理解、归纳概括、逻辑推理以及对材料的评估能力等命题依据命题依据 能根据不同的阅读目的，运用简单的阅读策略能根据不同的阅读目的，运用简单的阅读策略快快速获取细节信息。速获取细节信息。能把握所读材料的能把握所读材料的中心思想和主要事实中心思想和主要事实。能把握所读材料的能把握所读材料的主要逻辑线索，事件和空间的主要逻辑线索，事件和空间的顺序。顺序。能根

2、据上下文和构词法能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解词义。推断、理解词义。能根据上下能根据上下文理解作者的态度、观点和意图。文理解作者的态度、观点和意图。能能找出找出文章中的文章中的主题主题，理解故事的情节，理解故事的情节，预测预测故故事情节的事情节的发展和结局。发展和结局。主要题型主要题型 理解主旨大意（理解主旨大意（To find out the main idea)细节理解和细节判断细节理解和细节判断(To look for details)猜测词义猜测词义(To guess the meaning)推理判断题（推理判断题（To infer a conclusion)解题步骤解题步骤一、先读问

3、题，弄清考查要点一、先读问题，弄清考查要点二、快速浏览全文，掌握全貌二、快速浏览全文，掌握全貌 三、细读原文，捕捉相关信息词三、细读原文，捕捉相关信息词 四、重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案四、重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案 主旨题常见的命题形式：主旨题常见的命题形式：(1)Whats the main idea of the passage?(2)This passage is mainly about.(3)The authors purpose in writing this text is.(4)Which of the following is the best title for the p

4、assage?(5)Whats the topic of the text?理解主旨大意理解主旨大意解题技巧：解题技巧：1抓住主题句，锁定文章主旨抓住主题句，锁定文章主旨2抓住段落大意，概括中心思想抓住段落大意，概括中心思想3抓住主线和关键，归纳文章中心抓住主线和关键，归纳文章中心典例：（典例：（2011年内江市中考卷）年内江市中考卷）63、Whats the main idea of the third paragraph?A、Many parents dont understand kids language in their blogs.B、Many parents are worrie

5、d about these young bloggers.C、Many parents cant understand why their kids dont like studying.70、What is the passage about?A、Repairing old computers.B、Selling old computers.C、Recycling old computers.细节理解和细节判断细节理解和细节判断常考题型常考题型：1、是非题 2、例证题 3、年代与数字 4、比较 5、原因 6、事实排序题 7、直接信息题 8、间接信息题 9、综合信息题细节理解和细节判断细节理解

6、和细节判断细节题常见的命题形式：细节题常见的命题形式：Which of the followingis True/Not True?In the passage,which of the following is mentioned?All of the following statements are true except Choose the right order of the events given in the passage.用用Where,how,who,why,how long等引等引导的特殊疑问句要求判断细节。导的特殊疑问句要求判断细节。细节理解和细节判断细节理解和细节判

7、断解题技巧：解题技巧：(1)细心审题，直接就题找答案。(2)变通理解，间接转述找答案。(3)多点归纳，综合事实找答案。典例：典例：65.Which of the following is NOT true?A.My brothers,my sisters and I would sometimes fight about which channel to watch when I was a child.B.These days,there is only one channel with old movies,cooking and fishing.C.People have many ch

8、annels to choose from now.（2010年内江市中考卷年内江市中考卷）猜测词义题猜测词义题常见命题形式如下常见命题形式如下：1）、）、The word“”in the passage probably means_.2）、）、What does the word“”mean_.3）、）、The underlined(划线的划线的)word means_4）、）、The close meaning of the underlined word“”is _in English.5）、）、The word“”refers to _猜测词义题猜测词义题 解题技巧解题技巧：1、通过

9、因果关系猜测词义；、通过因果关系猜测词义；2、通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜词；、通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜词；3、通过构词法猜测词义；、通过构词法猜测词义；4、通过定义或释义说明来推测词义；、通过定义或释义说明来推测词义；5、通过描述猜测词义；、通过描述猜测词义；6、用知识和生活经验猜测词义；、用知识和生活经验猜测词义；7、根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测。、根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测。典例：典例：69、In the 2nd paragraph,the close meaning of the underlined word“teased”is _in English.（2010年内江中考

10、卷）年内江中考卷）A.hit B.criticized C.laughed at60.Whats the Chinese meaning of the underlined word fined?A.罚款B.给予 C.奖励（2011年内江中年内江中考卷）考卷）推理判断题推理判断题1、推理深层含义的常见命题形式如下：、推理深层含义的常见命题形式如下：We can infer from the passage that _ The writer suggest that _From the passage,we can learn that _We may conclude from the pa

11、ssage that _From the passage,it can be inferred that _推理判断题推理判断题 解题技巧：解题技巧：与原文相同的细节不能选与原文相同的细节不能选文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章做推断做推断 推理判断题推理判断题2、推理作者意图、观点、态度的常见命、推理作者意图、观点、态度的常见命题方式如下：题方式如下：The writers purpose in writing this story is In the writers opinion,a good school should What should be the r

12、ight attitude towards“”?The writers attitude toward“”is 例文例文：We spent a day in the country picking wild flowers.With the car full of flowers we were going home.On our way back,my wife noticed a cupboard outside a shop.It was tall and narrow.“Buy it.”My wife said at once,“Well carry it home on the ro

13、of rack.Ive always wanted one like that.”What could I do?Ten minutes later,I was$20 poorer,and the cupboard was tied on the roof rack.From the passage,we can see that in fact the husband _the cupboard.A、thought it was worth buying B、believed they needed to buy C、was glad to have bought D、would rathe

14、r not buy实战演练(C)10%OffShow this voucher（优惠券）at the Book Store to get a 10%discount(减价)on any books you buy.We have lots of books to choose from,including childrens books,novels,travel guides and hobbies.Youre sure to find something that you will enjoy.Assistant Wanted For a busy restaurant work on w

15、eekends.All meals are free.Call at 4323577 for more information.Lost CatHelp me find my pet cat!She is 4 years old.She has long white hair and a long tail.Her name is Cathy.Call Carrie at 2853527.Choose the best choice from A、B or C according to what you read.()71.If Mary wants to be an assistant,sh

16、e can phone the number_B_.A.2853527 B.4323577C.4332577()72.You can get a 10%discount on any books if you_A_at the Book Store.A.show this voucherB.buy some ticketsC.buy some gifts()73.There are several kinds of books on sale except_C_.A.childrens booksB.travel guidesC.magazines()74.C_lost the white c

17、at.A.CathyB.The assistantC.Carrie()75.The assistant has lunch at the restaurant,she should_A_.来源:学*科*网Z*X*X*K A.pay nothing B.call 4323577C.work on Monday (E)In the mid 1990s,people started doing business on the Internet.There were two kinds of companies then.First,there were traditional companies.T

18、hey sold things in stores.Then,there were Internet companies.They didnt have a store,and they only sold things on the Net.Traditional companies didnt want to lose any business.Quickly,they made their own websites and began selling things on the Net.These are the so-called“brick and click”companies(砖

19、块点击公司).Many stores are made of brick.And you click on your mouse to buy things with your computer.Thats where the name“brick and click”comes from.By the late 1990s,competition among Internet companies was great.So e-business like ,and were in trouble.Their profits(利润)were not very high.Many of these

20、 businesses were losing much money.In 2000,many e-businesses went out of business.Why are brick and click companies,like Barnes and Walmart so successful?First,many customers know and trust(相信)their names.Their websites are easy to remember.These companies also have a lot of experience.In a word,the

21、y know how to run a successful business.In the world of e-commerce(商业),companies are fighting for every dollar and every customer.Will brick and click companies win the war?Only time will tell.81.How many kinds of companies were there in the mid 1990s?82.Did Internet companies sell things in stores

22、or on the Net?83.What did the traditional companies do to keep their business?84.What gave Internet companies a lot of trouble by the late 1990s?85.What can you learn from Barnes and Walmart if you have an Internet company?81.Two./2./Two kinds./There were two.82.On the Net/Internet.83.They made thei

23、r own websites/They made their own websites and began selling things on the Net.84.Competition./Competition among the companies.来源:学|科|网85.I think I should make the customers know and trust the name of my company./I should make my website easy to remember./I think I should learn a lot of successful experience if I have an Internet company.结束结束