《语法填空公开课》PPT课件.ppt

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1、How to fulfill the task How to fulfill the task Rational ClozeRational Cloze(语法填空语法填空)语法填空以要求根据上下文填入一个以语法填空以要求根据上下文填入一个以语法填空以要求根据上下文填入一个以语法填空以要求根据上下文填入一个以动词动词动词动词(verb)(verb)（或其适当形式）（或其适当形式）（或其适当形式）（或其适当形式）、名词、名词、名词、名词(noun)(noun)、代词、代词、代词、代词(pronoun)(pronoun)、冠词、冠词、冠词、冠词(article)(article)、介词、介词、介词、

2、介词(prep.)(prep.)、情态动、情态动、情态动、情态动词词词词(modal verbs)(modal verbs)、连词、连词、连词、连词(conj)(conj)或从句引导词、形容或从句引导词、形容或从句引导词、形容或从句引导词、形容词词词词(adj.)(adj.)和副词和副词和副词和副词(adv.)(adv.)、考查各项语法内容。考查各项语法内容。考查各项语法内容。考查各项语法内容。语法填空近三年高考考点：语法填空近三年高考考点：从考试说明的样题和近三年的高考题来看，实从考试说明的样题和近三年的高考题来看，实词以动词、代词、形容词、副词为主，其中动词又词以动词、代词、形容词、副词为

3、主，其中动词又是重中之重；虚词以介词、冠词为主。而句法方面是重中之重；虚词以介词、冠词为主。而句法方面主要考查复合句的引导词，如定语从句、名词性从主要考查复合句的引导词，如定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句等。句、状语从句等。Whats the usual way you fulfill the task Rational Cloze?三步完成三步完成三步完成三步完成:概读理解概读理解 分析填空分析填空 连贯检查连贯检查v思考：面对语法填空中如此繁杂的语法点，思考：面对语法填空中如此繁杂的语法点，我们到底该怎样入手呢我们到底该怎样入手呢?3.I sat next to the man and in

4、troduced myself.We had 24 _ amazing conversation.(11(11广东高考广东高考广东高考广东高考)考点一：冠词考点一：冠词 无提示词无提示词 可数名词单数之前可数名词单数之前1.Although he cant see the national flag with his own Although he cant see the national flag with his own eyes,eyes,17 _ eight-year-old pupil carried the flag in 17 _ eight-year-old pupil ca

5、rried the flag in his hands with his mother walking alonghis hands with his mother walking along (11(11佛山一模佛山一模佛山一模佛山一模)2.I still remember taking 22 _ visiting friend from Canada to a local Black Country pub for lunch.(11(11广州一模广州一模广州一模广州一模)the a a考查语法点考查语法点:定冠词定冠词,不定冠词的用法不定冠词的用法 anan考点二：介考点二：介词词 无提

6、示词：注意搭配问题无提示词：注意搭配问题 与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等补语等 与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语1.In short,I believe that it is 24 _ great use to keep a diary in English(11(11东莞一东莞一东莞一东莞一模模模模)2.Mothers hugged and kissed their children when they passed by giving flowers and their blessings 22 _the athletes.

7、(11(11佛山一模佛山一模佛山一模佛山一模)3.But she depended _ her old favorite trick of talking with her host,King Tupou IV,and carrying on a warm conversation.(11(11深圳一模深圳一模深圳一模深圳一模)ofof toto考查语法点考查语法点:介词的基本用法及惯用搭配介词的基本用法及惯用搭配on考点三：代考点三：代词词 无提示词无提示词 作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，注意作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，注意 形容词性和名词性物主代词的区别。形容词性和名词性物主代词的区别。指示

8、代词（指示代词（it it和和thisthis）,不定代词，不定代词，反身代词等。反身代词等。考查语法点考查语法点:代词的基本用法代词的基本用法1.She remembered how difficult She remembered how difficult 31_31_ waswas to to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.(09(09广东广东广东广东)2.2.After the student left,the

9、teacher let 36 _After the student left,the teacher let 36 _ student taste the water.student taste the water.(10(10广东广东广东广东)3 3.It has been said before,but experiencing it myself has.It has been said before,but experiencing it myself has made _ want to say it again:a smilemade _ want to say it again:

10、a smile(09(09江门二模江门二模江门二模江门二模)it it anothanotherermeme因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、动名词因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、动名词或不定式等充当，而名词、动名词或不定式等实或不定式等充当，而名词、动名词或不定式等实词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查，所以纯空词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查，所以纯空格所填词格所填词在在句子句子中中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词主代词、疑问代词、反身代词(不能作主语不能

11、作主语)等。等。在名词前作定语就只能用形容词性物主代词了。在名词前作定语就只能用形容词性物主代词了。考点四：连词或从句考点四：连词或从句引导词引导词 无提示词无提示词 两个主谓结构连接两个主谓结构连接 1.It was not long 39_ the waitress came 1.It was not long 39_ the waitress came back and then she began to wipe down the table and back and then she began to wipe down the table and suddenly was surp

12、rised at what she saw.suddenly was surprised at what she saw.(07(07深圳一模深圳一模深圳一模深圳一模)2.2.People from Black Country are very friendly,21_People from Black Country are very friendly,21_ their local dialect,which comes from the old their local dialect,which comes from the old“Middle English”,can be very

13、 difficult to“Middle English”,can be very difficult to understand.understand.(11(11广州一模广州一模广州一模广州一模)3.Jane paused in front of a counter _ some 3.Jane paused in front of a counter _ some attractive ties were on display.attractive ties were on display.(09(09广东广东广东广东)4.One day,he came up with an idea _

14、 he would 4.One day,he came up with an idea _ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches.pluck up all of his crop a few inches.(08(08广东广东广东广东)beforebefore butbut考查语法点考查语法点:各类复合句中连词各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法引导词的用法wherewherethatthat(1)连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并 列连词列连词and,or,but，so等。等。(2)若两个句子若两个句

15、子(有两个主谓结构有两个主谓结构)之间，没有句之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连接号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。词，否则，句子结构就不完整。根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句式结构，确定是并列句(多要求考生填多要求考生填and,but,while,when,or等等)还是某种主从复合句。然后根还是某种主从复合句。然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和用法，据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和用法，确定填具体的某个连词。确定填具体的某个连词。考点五：谓语动考点五：谓语动

16、词词 有提示词有提示词 与主语构成主谓结构与主语构成主谓结构1.I was certain she would like it because I 1.I was certain she would like it because I _ _ (tell)by my classmates that she loved hot food.(tell)by my classmates that she loved hot food.(07(07广州一模广州一模广州一模广州一模)2.2.Being too anxious to help an event develop often Being to

17、o anxious to help an event develop often 40_(result)in the contrary to our 40_(result)in the contrary to our intention.intention.(08(08广东广东广东广东)3 3.After a four-day journey,the young man After a four-day journey,the young man 33_(present)the water to the old man.33_(present)the water to the old man.

18、His teacher took a deep drink His teacher took a deep drink.(10(10广东广东广东广东)was told was told presenpresentedted考查语法点考查语法点:谓语动词的时态及语态谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致及主谓一致resultsresults考点六：非谓语考点六：非谓语动词动词 有提示词有提示词 除谓语动词以外的动词形式除谓语动词以外的动词形式1.They have done a great job,saving my daughters 1.They have done a great job,sav

19、ing my daughters life and 25 _(make)us go through the hard life and 25 _(make)us go through the hard time as well.time as well.(11(11汕头一模汕头一模汕头一模汕头一模)2.2.I got on the bus and found a seat near the back,and I got on the bus and found a seat near the back,and then I noticed a man 18 _(sit)at the then

20、I noticed a man 18 _(sit)at the front.front.(11(11广东广东广东广东)3 3.A visually impaired(A visually impaired(弱视弱视弱视弱视)boy 16 _(name)boy 16 _(name)He Yuxuan was spot-lighted at the beginning of the He Yuxuan was spot-lighted at the beginning of the ceremony.ceremony.(11(11佛山一模佛山一模佛山一模佛山一模)makingmaking sit/

21、sittingsit/sitting namednamed考查语法点考查语法点:非谓语动词及变形的使用非谓语动词及变形的使用 考点七：词性转考点七：词性转换换 有提示词有提示词 介词介词,冠词冠词,所有格后接名词所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名形容词修饰名 词词,副词修饰形容词或动词或整个句子副词修饰形容词或动词或整个句子1.“Thirty-five cents,”she said 36_(rude).1.“Thirty-five cents,”she said 36_(rude).(08(08深圳一模深圳一模深圳一模深圳一模)2.2.This proverb is saying we have

22、to let things go in This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their their 39 _39 _(nature)course.(nature)course.(08(08广东广东广东广东)3 3.But Jane knew from past experience that her.But Jane knew from past experience that her 36 _(choose)of ties hardly ever pleased her 36 _(choose)of ties hardly e

23、ver pleased her fatherfather.(09(09广东广东广东广东)4.4.21_21_ (thank),(thank),shes not in any pain,shes not in any pain,other than a little soreness from a recent procedure.other than a little soreness from a recent procedure.(11(11汕头一模汕头一模汕头一模汕头一模)rudelyrudely naturalnatural考查语法点考查语法点:各类词性的正确使用及转化各类词性的正确使

24、用及转化choicechoiceThankfThankfullyully考点八：形容词考点八：形容词的级的级有提示词有提示词通常，有表示范围的通常，有表示范围的in/ofin/of介词短语介词短语 或形容词前有或形容词前有thethe时，一般要用最高时，一般要用最高 级；级；thanthan的前面一定要用比较级的前面一定要用比较级1.The winning car reached a speed of forty miles an 1.The winning car reached a speed of forty miles an hour much _(fast)than any of i

25、ts rivals.hour much _(fast)than any of its rivals.(惠州一模惠州一模惠州一模惠州一模)2.You tasted the water.I tasted the gift.The water was2.You tasted the water.I tasted the gift.The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love.simply the container for an act of kindness and love.Nothing could be

26、39 _(sweet).Nothing could be 39 _(sweet).(10(10广东广东广东广东)3.But my husband and I are staying many thanks to3.But my husband and I are staying many thanks to God that her disease is the 19_(much)God that her disease is the 19_(much)common form of all the childhood blood cancers common form of all the c

27、hildhood blood cancers (11(11汕头一模汕头一模汕头一模汕头一模)mostmostsweetesweeter rfasterfaster一一一一根据句子结构，确定根据句子结构，确定根据句子结构，确定根据句子结构，确定词性词性词性词性动词动词名词名词形容词形容词副词副词冠词冠词介词介词连词连词代词代词词性词性一一般般有有提提示示词词无无提提示示词词二根据上下文意义及语法，确定二根据上下文意义及语法，确定二根据上下文意义及语法，确定二根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形词形词形词形冠词冠词冠词冠词定冠词定冠词,不定冠词不定冠词并列句及复合句并列句及复合句非谓语非谓语非谓语非谓语

28、非谓语动词非谓语动词 to do,doing,done 及变形及变形谓语动词的时态及语态谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致及主谓一致连词连词连词连词介词介词介词介词介词的常用用法及词组搭配介词的常用用法及词组搭配词性变化词性变化词性变化词性变化词汇词汇,构词法构词法谓语动词谓语动词谓语动词谓语动词代词代词代词代词人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，指示代词，反身代词指示代词，反身代词根据语义根据语义,确定词确定词形形分析句子分析句子,确定词确定词性性解题四步走提示：四步走归根到底其实就是寻找依据每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到

29、它的依据通读全文通读全文,理解大意理解大意检查搭配检查搭配,前后连贯前后连贯 1.对于文章对于文章，要熟悉语境。，要熟悉语境。5.对于连词、介词、关系代词、关系副词对于连词、介词、关系代词、关系副词 等不等不 仅要理解仅要理解 它们的意思，还要熟记它们，在考试它们的意思，还要熟记它们，在考试 时能准确、快速地提取它们。时能准确、快速地提取它们。3.对于动词对于动词，要掌握常用的时态、语态、非谓，要掌握常用的时态、语态、非谓 语动词的用法以及词形变化。语动词的用法以及词形变化。2.对于句子，对于句子，要能够分析其结构，懂得在什么时要能够分析其结构，懂得在什么时候该用什么词性。候该用什么词性。4.对于名词、形容词、副词对于名词、形容词、副词等，不仅要背诵其等，不仅要背诵其 意义和拼写，还好掌握基本的词形变换。意义和拼写，还好掌握基本的词形变换。几点建议：几点建议：Practice Makes Perfect!不断记忆，积累词汇不断记忆，积累词汇夯实基础，学好语法夯实基础，学好语法大声朗读，培养语感大声朗读，培养语感坚持不懈，多做练习坚持不懈，多做练习Homework Finish the Rational Cloze exercises on the paper.