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1、状语从句-引引导词导词用法用法when从句从句动动作与主句作与主句动动作可以是同作可以是同时发时发生,也可生,也可以是先后以是先后发发生。生。When he finished writing the report,he went to chat with his parents.写完那份写完那份报报告后,他就去跟父母聊天了。告后,他就去跟父母聊天了。When my mother cleaned the room,I was washing clothes.我我妈妈妈妈打打扫扫房房间时间时我正在洗衣服。我正在洗衣服。while从句的从句的谓语动词谓语动词必必须须是延是延续续性的,性的,强强调调主
2、句主句动动作与从句作与从句动动作同作同时发时发生。生。While they were talking,the bell rang.他他们们正在正在谈话谈话的的时时候候门铃门铃响了。响了。当两个延当两个延续续性性动动作同作同时发时发生且具有生且具有对对比意味比意味时时,常用,常用while。While she was making a call,I was writing a letter.她打她打电话时电话时,我正在写信。,我正在写信。as从句从句动动作与主句作与主句动动作同作同时发时发生。意生。意为为“一一边边一一边边;随着;随着”。The students took notes as th
3、ey listened.学生学生们边们边听听课边课边做笔做笔记记。As you grow older,youll know better and better about yourself.随着年随着年龄龄的增的增长长,你会越来越了解自己。,你会越来越了解自己。before意意为为“在在之前;之前;之后才;没来得及之后才;没来得及就就”,常表示主句,常表示主句动动作先于从句作先于从句动动作作发发生。从句生。从句一般不一般不为为否定句。否定句。I must finish this letter before I go home.我必我必须须在回家之前写完在回家之前写完这这封信。封信。She di
4、ed before she wrote a will.她她还还没来得及写没来得及写遗遗嘱就去世了。嘱就去世了。“It be(not)一段一段时间时间before.”结结构的肯定句意构的肯定句意为为“多多长时间长时间后才后才”;否定句意;否定句意为为“用不了多用不了多长长时间时间就就”。It will be a long time before we buy a house.我我们们需要很需要很长时间长时间才能才能买买一一栋栋房子。房子。It was not long before the thief was caught.不久小不久小偷偷就被抓住了。就被抓住了。until/till意意为为“直
5、到直到”,两者常可互,两者常可互换换。主句。主句为为肯肯定句定句时时,谓语须谓语须用延用延续续性性动词动词,表示,表示动动作一直作一直持持续续到到until所表示的所表示的时间为时间为止。止。I will wait until/till the concert is over.我会一直等到音我会一直等到音乐乐会会结结束。束。He stayed there until his teacher came back.他在那里一直待到他老他在那里一直待到他老师师回来。回来。主句是否定句主句是否定句时时,谓语须谓语须用非延用非延续续性性动词动词,表,表示主句示主句动动作直到作直到until/till所表
6、示的所表示的时间时间才才发发生。生。He didnt know anything about it until I told him.直到我告直到我告诉诉他,他才知道他,他才知道这这件事。件事。since意意为为“自从自从以来以来”。主句用完成主句用完成时时,从句常用一般从句常用一般过过去去时时从句从句谓语谓语是延是延续续性性动词动词,表示从,表示从这这一一状状态态的的终终止开始。止开始。He has written to me frequently since he was ill.自从病好以来他自从病好以来他经经常常给给我写信。我写信。从句从句谓语谓语是是终终止性止性动词动词,表示从,表示
7、从这这一一动动作开始。作开始。He has written to me frequently since he went abroad.自从出国以来他自从出国以来他经经常常给给我写信。我写信。once意意为为“一旦一旦”,暗含条件意味。,暗含条件意味。Once you begin,you will never give up.一旦你开始了,就不会放弃。一旦你开始了,就不会放弃。by the time意意为为“到某一到某一时间时间点点为为止止”,主句常用完成,主句常用完成时态时态。By the time he graduated,he had done many kinds of jobs.大学
8、大学毕业毕业之前,他已之前,他已经经做做过过很多种工作。很多种工作。引引导词导词用法用法because表示造成某种情况的直接原因。表示造成某种情况的直接原因。语语气最气最强强,常用来,常用来回答回答why的提的提问问。He didnt have breakfast because he got up too late.因因为为起床太晚了,他没有吃早起床太晚了,他没有吃早饭饭。since表示表示显显然的或已然的或已为为人知的理由,人知的理由,语语气比气比because弱,弱,通常置于句首。通常置于句首。Since you wont help me,I will ask someone else.
9、既然你不肯帮我,我就去既然你不肯帮我,我就去问别问别人了。人了。as表示的原因是已知的事表示的原因是已知的事实实或或显显而易而易见见的原因,的原因,语语气比气比since更弱。更弱。As she has no car,she cant get there easily.由于她没有汽由于她没有汽车车,所以无法,所以无法顺顺利到达那里。利到达那里。now that意意为为“既然既然”,表示微弱的原因,位于句首,表示微弱的原因,位于句首时时,that可省略。可省略。Now(that)you understand,I dont need to explain again.既然你已既然你已经经明白了,我
10、没有必要再解明白了,我没有必要再解释释一遍。一遍。引引导词导词用法用法so that/in order that意意为为“为为了,以便了,以便”。My father works hard in order that he may support us.我父我父亲为亲为了养家辛苦地工作着。了养家辛苦地工作着。Bring it closer so that I may see it better.把它拿近点儿,把它拿近点儿,让让我看仔我看仔细细。in case(that)/for fear that意意为为“以防,万一,以免以防,万一,以免”。He told us to keep quiet fo
11、r fear that we might disturb others.他他让让我我们们保持安静,以免打保持安静,以免打扰别扰别人。人。Take the raincoat in case it may rain.带带着雨衣以防下雨。着雨衣以防下雨。引引导词导词意意义义常用常用结结构构so.that.意意为为“如如此此以致以致”so形容形容词词/副副词词thatHe drove so carelessly that he almost lost his life.他开他开车车太大意了,差点儿太大意了,差点儿丢丢了性命。了性命。so形容形容词词a(n)可数名可数名词单词单数数thatIt was
12、so good an exhibition that I went to see it several times.那个展那个展览览非常好以至于我去看了好几次。非常好以至于我去看了好几次。so.that.意意为为“如此如此以致以致”somuch/little(少的少的)不可数不可数名名词词thatHe got so little money that his family had to live on welfare.他他挣钱挣钱很少,他的家人不得不很少,他的家人不得不靠救靠救济济生活。生活。such.that.意意为为“如如此此以致以致”sucha(n)形容形容词词可数名可数名词单词单数数t
13、hatShe is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.她是个好老她是个好老师师,每个人都敬重她。,每个人都敬重她。such形容形容词词可数名可数名词词复数复数thatThey are such honest girls that we all trust them.这这些女孩是如此些女孩是如此诚实诚实,我,我们们都很信任她都很信任她们们。such形容形容词词不可数名不可数名词词thatIt is such nice weather that I dont like to stay at home.天气天气这这么好,我不想待在家里。么好,
14、我不想待在家里。引引导词导词用法用法though/although两者可以两者可以换换用,但用,但although更正式。更正式。强强调对调对比性比性时时,主句可用,主句可用yet或或still引出,但不可用引出,但不可用but。Although/Though she works very hard,she makes very slow progress.尽管她非常努力,但尽管她非常努力,但还还是是进进步很慢。步很慢。even if/even though表示表示语语气更气更强强的的让让步,意步,意为为“尽管,即使,退一尽管,即使,退一步步说说”。We will make a trip ev
15、en if/even though the weather is bad.即使天气不好,即使天气不好,我我们们也要去旅行。也要去旅行。as引引导让导让步状步状语语从句从句时时,从句中的表,从句中的表语语、状、状语语以及以及谓语谓语中的中的实义动词实义动词需提前至句首,作表需提前至句首,作表语语的的单单数可数名数可数名词词前如有冠前如有冠词词,冠,冠词词需要省需要省去。去。Child as he was,he knew what was the right thing to do.尽管他尽管他还还是个孩子,但他知道做什么事情是是个孩子,但他知道做什么事情是对对的。的。Object as you
16、may,Ill go.即使你反即使你反对对,我,我也要去。也要去。引引导词导词用法用法if意意为为“如果如果”。If he breaks his promise,she will never speak to him again.如果他不遵守如果他不遵守诺诺言,她就再也不理他了。言,她就再也不理他了。unless意意为为“除非除非,如果不,如果不”,相当于,相当于if.not.You wont pass the exam unless you study hard.如果你不努力学如果你不努力学习习,就不能通,就不能通过这过这次考次考试试。Unless you visit him tomorro
17、w,hell be angry.除非你明天去看他,否除非你明天去看他,否则则他会生气的。他会生气的。as/so long as意意为为“只要只要”。As/So long as we dont lose heart,we will find a way to overcome difficulty.只要不灰心,我只要不灰心,我们们就能找到克服困就能找到克服困难难的的办办法。法。on condition that意意为为“在在条件下条件下”。You can go swimming on condition that you dont go too far from the river bank.你只要不你只要不远远离河岸就可离河岸就可以去游泳。以去游泳。此课件下载可自行编辑修改,仅供参考!此课件下载可自行编辑修改,仅供参考!感谢您的支持,我们努力做得更好!谢谢感谢您的支持,我们努力做得更好!谢谢
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