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1、非谓语动词有哪些形式?动词不定式动词不定式 动名词动名词 分词分词过去分词过去分词现在分词现在分词to dodonedoing将来将来 一般一般 主动主动现在现在 进行进行 主动主动过去过去 完成完成 被动被动 时间时间 状态状态 主被动主被动所能充当的成分主语表语宾语宾语(主语)补足语定语状语V-ing形式形式动名词现在分词不定式(to do)过去分词(done)非谓语动词可以做哪些句子成分?非谓语动词可以做哪些句子成分?成 分类别主语宾语表语定语状语补语doingto dodone 非谓语动词的时态和语态形式(以make为例)语态与意义形式与用法类别 形形 式式主主动语态动语态被被动语态动
2、语态Ving一般式(not)making完成式todo一般式(not)to make进行式完成式(not)having made(not)being made(not)having been made(not)to be made(not)to be making(not)to have made(not)to have been madenothing1、逻辑主语和主句主语一致。、逻辑主语和主句主语一致。(不一致则要用独立主格或(不一致则要用独立主格或with复合结构)复合结构)分词分词+,主语主语+谓语谓语+.2、时间、原因或条件,主句前;(不绝对)、时间、原因或条件,主句前;(不绝对)分
3、词分词+,主语主语+谓语谓语+.3、方式,伴随或结果,主句后;(不绝对)、方式,伴随或结果,主句后;(不绝对)主语主语+谓语谓语+,分词分词+.4、同时发生,一般时;、同时发生,一般时;Doing+,主语主语+谓语谓语+.5、明显在前,用完成时。、明显在前,用完成时。Having done+,主语主语+谓语谓语+.现在分词作状语现在分词作状语1.a.Hearingthenews,tearsrandownherface.b.Hearingthenews,shecriedoutsadly.2.a.Enteringtheclassroom,Ifoundnobodyinit.b.Enteringthe
4、classroom,nobodywasfoundinit.3.a.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,thegardenwasbeautiful.b.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,wesawabeautifulgarden.Choosethecorrectsentences.动词动词-ing形式在句中作状语时,其逻辑主形式在句中作状语时,其逻辑主语与主句的主语保持一致。语与主句的主语保持一致。如果分词作状语时其逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致,则在分词结构前加逻辑主语,构成分词的独立主格。Class being over,the childen went h
5、ome.Nobody being in the room,I didnt go in.All the guestshavingarrived,the meeting was decleared open.He went into the front door,hisson following him.独立主格结构的构成形式独立主格结构的构成形式1、逻辑主语、逻辑主语+V-ing(1)_Sunday,thelibrarydoesntopen.A.BeingB.TherebeingC.ItbeingD.Havingbeen2、逻辑主语、逻辑主语+V-ed(2)_,thetrainstarted.A
6、.ThesignalgivenB.GivingthesignalC.ThesignalbeinggivenD.Thesignalgiving3、逻辑主语、逻辑主语+形容词(副词)形容词(副词)(3)_,thepatientcanleavethehospital.A.BetterconditionsB.ConditionsbetterC.ConditionsarebetterD.Beingbetterconditions (4)_,wedliketogoouting.A.IfSundayisOK B.SundaybeingOKC.SundayOKD.A,BandC1._byyourteacher
7、s,youaresupposedtobemodest.A.WhenyouarepraisedB.PraisedC.WhenpraisedD.alltheabove2._arainyday,soallthefarmershadtostayinside.A.ItbeingB.BeingC.ItwasD.alltheabove3)Withnothing_toburn,thefirebecameweakandfinallydiedout.A.leavingB.leftC.leaveD.toleave4)Thegirlsattherequitesilentandstillwithhereyes_onth
8、ewall.A.fixingB.fixedC.tobefixingD.tobefixedwith+宾语宾语+形容词形容词副词副词名词名词介词短语介词短语v-ingv-edto do主动、进行主动、进行被动、完成被动、完成将要发生将要发生一、一、“with复合结构复合结构”的构成的构成1.with+宾语宾语+现在分词现在分词(主谓关系)(主谓关系)With summer coming,the weather is becoming hotter and hotter.随着夏天的到来,天气越来越热。随着夏天的到来,天气越来越热。With the teacher standing beside,sh
9、e felt a bit uneasy.老师站在旁边,她觉得有点不自然。老师站在旁边,她觉得有点不自然。2.with+宾语宾语+过去分词过去分词(动宾关系)(动宾关系)With the work done,she felt greatly relieved.工作完成了,她大大地松了一口气。工作完成了,她大大地松了一口气。With his hair cut,he looks much younger.理了头发,他显得年轻多了。理了头发,他显得年轻多了。3.with+宾语宾语+不定式不定式(将要发生)(将要发生)With her to go with us,were sure to have a pleasant journey.有她和我们一起去,我们的旅途一定会很愉有她和我们一起去,我们的旅途一定会很愉快。快。With Mr.Smith to teach them English next term,they will be greatly improved in spoken English.下学期史密斯先生教他们英语,他们的口语下学期史密斯先生教他们英语,他们的口语会大有提高。会大有提高。
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