英语人教版八年级下册8下U10第一课时知识讲解.ppt

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1、英语人教版八年级下册8下U10第一课时非延续性动词与现在完成时非延续性动词与现在完成时短暂性短暂性(瞬间性）动词瞬间性）动词不能不能与与时间段时间段连用，我们常连用，我们常用用相应的延续性动词相应的延续性动词来代替来代替非延续性非延续性动词。动词。瞬间动词与延续性动词的转换瞬间动词与延续性动词的转换:borrow borrow keep keep buy buy have come/go have come/go be(in)die-be dead be(in)die-be dead leave leave be away be away（fromfrom）begin begin be on

2、be on openopen be openbe open close close be be closedclosedcome back come back be back arrive be back arrive be here/there be here/there fall asleep/get to sleep fall asleep/get to sleep be asleep be asleepjoinjoin be in /be a member of be in /be a member ofIhaveboughtanewdictionaryforaweek.Ihaveha

3、danewdictionaryforaweek.Theyhavebeenherefortwodays.Theyhavecomeherefortwodays.Themanhasbeendeadforseveralyears.Themanhasdiedforseveralyears.1.Ihaveborrowedthebookfor2weeks.()2.Thefilmhasbegunfor5minutes.()ABCABCBkeptBbeenon3.这辆自行车我买了两年了。这辆自行车我买了两年了。Ive_thebike_twoyears.4.HeleftNanjingtwoyearsago.He_

4、Nanjingfortwoyears.5.Themonkeydiedlastmonth.Themonkey_foramonth.hadforhasbeenawayfromhasbeendead总结总结直接换成延续性动词直接换成延续性动词buy-haveborrow-keepputon-wearcome/go/become-be转转换换成成be+名名词词jointhearmy-beasolderjointheParty-beaPartymembergotoschool-beastudent转转换换成成be+形形容容词词/副副词词die-bedeadfinish-beoverbegin-beonl

5、eave-beawayfall asleep-be asleep close be closed open-beopenleave-beaway转转换换成成be+介介词词短短语语gotoschool-beinschooljointhearmy-beinthearmy观察例句，总结观察例句，总结for for 和和since since 的区别的区别 （限时（限时2 2分钟）分钟）-How long have you studied in this school?-How long have you studied in this school?I have studied in this sc

6、hool for 2 years.I have studied in this school for 2 years.I have studied in this school since 2 years ago.I have studied in this school since 2 years ago.I have studied in this school since 2012.I have studied in this school since 2012.I have studied in this school since I was 14.I have studied in

7、this school since I was 14.1.1.How long How long 提问，通常用提问，通常用_ _ 和和_ _ 引导的时间状语来回答。引导的时间状语来回答。2.for+_;2.for+_;since+_;since+_;since+_;since+_;或或since+_.since+_.forsince时间段时间段时间点时间点时间段时间段+ago一般过去时的句子一般过去时的句子总结总结since的用法：的用法：since+过过去去的的时时间间点点（年年、月月、日日、几几点点等）等）eg:since1990/since5oclock since+时时间间段段+ago

8、（since 3 monthsago）+一一般般过过去去时时态态的的从从句句（sinceyoulefthome）拓拓展展:Itis+时时间间段段+since+一一般般过过去去时时的的从从句句.ItisfiveyearssinceIcamehere.我我来来这这5年了年了for的用法：的用法：for+段时间段时间1.since和和for的句式转换的句式转换:since+时间段时间段+ago=for+段时间段时间They havent changed since twenty yearsago.=They havent changed for twentyyears.2.若若对对since和和fo

9、r引引导导的的时时间间状状语语进进行行提提问问，都可以用都可以用howlong来提问来提问用用for和和since填空填空1.TheyhavebeenlearningChinese_theycametoChina.2.Ihaventseenher_alongtime.3.Hehasbeenlivinghere_2007.4.Shehasbeendoingherhomework_twohours.5.Its5years_weleftschool.6.HowlonghasMarybeenateacher?_twoyearsago.sinceforsinceforsinceSinceYardsale

10、庭院旧货出售庭院旧货出售这是国外的一种风俗，也是一种独特的售货方式。人这是国外的一种风俗，也是一种独特的售货方式。人们利用周末，将家中搁置不用的物件，放在自家庭院们利用周末，将家中搁置不用的物件，放在自家庭院中廉价出售，因而被称作中廉价出售，因而被称作yardsale，也可译作，也可译作“家庭家庭拍卖会拍卖会”。庭院售卖的物品种类繁多，大到家具，电器，小到玩庭院售卖的物品种类繁多，大到家具，电器，小到玩具，衣物和鞋帽。这些物品虽多数为二手家什，但也具，衣物和鞋帽。这些物品虽多数为二手家什，但也有全新的物品，且价格合理公道，有全新的物品，且价格合理公道，甚至还可讨价还价。正是这种低廉，甚至还可讨

11、价还价。正是这种低廉，公道的价格及买家淘宝和碰大运的心公道的价格及买家淘宝和碰大运的心理，使得理，使得yardsale广受欢迎，逐渐演广受欢迎，逐渐演变成一种独特的文化现象。变成一种独特的文化现象。1aLookatthethingsattheyardsale.Doyouhaveanyofthesethingsathome?Howlonghaveyouhadthem?toytigertoyliontoybearDoyouhavethemathome?Howlonghaveyouhadthe?Ihavehadforyears./sinceyearsago.for+时间段；时间段；since+过去的

12、时间点，过去的时间点，是现在完成时的标志词。是现在完成时的标志词。lampoldbookscupHowlonghaveyouhadthe?Ihavehadforyears./sinceyearsago.magazinecapvaseHowlonghaveyouhadthe?Ihavehadforyears./sinceyearsago.sweaterdressscarfHowlonghaveyouhadthe?Ihavehadforyears./sinceyearsago.1bListenandcheck()thefactsyouhear._Jeffsfamilyishavingayardsa

13、le._Amythinksitshardtosellheroldthings._Jeffhashadhisbikeformorethan10years._Amywantstokeepheroldthingsbecausetheybringbacksweetmemories._Youcanalsogiveoldthingsawaytopeopleinneed.sale用作名词，意为用作名词，意为“出售，销售出售，销售”。onsale意为意为“出售，上市出售，上市”；forsale意为意为“待待售，供出售售，供出售”，尤指从主人手里出售。，尤指从主人手里出售。e.g.Chickensareonsa

14、leinthemarket.小鸡在市场上出售。小鸡在市场上出售。Imsorry,itsnotforsale.抱歉，它不出售。抱歉，它不出售。1.Jeffsfamilyishavingayardsale.2.Amywantstokeepheroldthingsbecausetheybringbacksweetmemories.艾米想保留她的旧东西，因为它们勾起她艾米想保留她的旧东西，因为它们勾起她的甜蜜回忆。的甜蜜回忆。memory 作名词意为作名词意为“记忆；回忆记忆；回忆”，复，复数形式为数形式为memories，动词为，动词为memorize，意，意为为“回忆，记忆，背诵回忆，记忆，背诵”

15、。e.g.Shehasagoodmemory.她记忆力好。她记忆力好。1cA:Thisisareallyoldbook.B:Yes,Ivehaditforsevenyears.Ivereaditthreetimes.A:Whyareyousellingit?B:BecauseIdontreaditanymore.A:Howmuchisit?B:Youcanhaveitfor75cents.2aListenandcheck()thethingsAmysfamilyaregivingawayandcirclethethingstheyarekeeping.bookmagazinetoybearto

16、yliontoytigerbreadmakersweaterdresshatscarf2bListenagainandfillintheblanks.1.Amyhashadherfavorite_forthreeyears.2.Amyhashadtheboy_sinceshewasa_.3.Amysmomhashadtheoldbreadformorethan_years.4.Amycangiveawaythe_and_becausetheydonotfitheranymore.bookbearbaby10sweaterdressLinda:WelcometoSunshineHomeforCh

17、ildren.ImLinda.Amy:Hi,ImAmy.Ihavesomethingsforthekids.Ivehadthismagazineforacoupeofmonths.Thestoriesinsidemaybeabitold,buttheyrestillinteresting.Linda:Great!Manychildrenherelovereading.Amy:Andcheckoutthesesofttoysandboardgamesforyoungerkids.IvehadthemsinceIwasachild.Theresalsoasweaterandadress.2dRol

18、e-playtheconversation.Linda:Perfect!Wealwaysneedtoysandclothes.Amy:Onelastthingisabreadmaker.Mymomshaditforalongtimebutitstillworks.Linda:Thankssomuch!欢迎来到欢迎来到几个月几个月有点儿老有点儿老察看察看最后一件物品最后一件物品布绒玩具布绒玩具welcometoacoupleofmonthsbeabitoldcheckoutonelastthingsofttoys2dFindthesephrases.1.Ivehadthismagazinefor

19、acoupleofmonths.这本杂志我买了几个月了。这本杂志我买了几个月了。acoupleof表示具体的数量表示具体的数量“两个两个”，指，指两个相同的人或物体两个相同的人或物体;表示数量不定的表示数量不定的“少数几个少数几个”，作这种虚指的用法时，具体，作这种虚指的用法时，具体意思往往视上下文和具体的语境而决定。意思往往视上下文和具体的语境而决定。e.g.Youhavetowaitforacoupleofhoursfortheclothestodrycompletely.你得等你得等上一两个小时让这些衣服完全晾干。上一两个小时让这些衣服完全晾干。abit意为意为“一点儿一点儿,稍微稍微”

20、,修饰形容词修饰形容词或副词或副词,相当于相当于alittle/alittlebit/kindof;abitof+不可数名词不可数名词,alittle直接加不可数直接加不可数名词。名词。e.g.Thereisabitof/alittlewaterinthebottle.瓶子里有点儿水。瓶子里有点儿水。2.Thestoriesinsidemaybeabitold,buttheyrestillinteresting.notabit=notatall意为意为“一点也不一点也不”notalittle=very意为意为“非常非常”e.g.Sheisnotabithappy.她一点儿也不快乐。她一点儿也不

21、快乐。Heisnotalittletired.=Heisverytired.他非常累。他非常累。check用作及物动词用作及物动词,意为意为“检查检查,审查审查”;checkout意为意为“察看，观察察看，观察”。e.g.Ifyoufinishit,checkitbyyourselffirst.如果你完成了，就自己先检查一下。如果你完成了，就自己先检查一下。Checkoutallthebooksforchildren.察看一下所有的儿童书籍。察看一下所有的儿童书籍。check还可用作名词，意为还可用作名词，意为“支票支票,账单账单”。3.Andcheckoutthesesofttoysandb

22、oardgamesforyoungerkids.1.-_haveyoubeenmarried?-Fortwentyyears.A.HowfarB.HowoftenC.HowlongD.Howsoon2.Ifyousitinachair_alongtime,yourbackmaybegintohurt.A.atB.inC.onD.forCD3.-Ioftenhavehamburgersforlunch.-Youdbetternot.Itsbadforyou_toomuchjunkfood.A.eatB.toeatC.eatingD.ateBSummary Summary 1.the differ

23、ences between sinceand for1.the differences between sinceand for2.2.延续性动词的使用延续性动词的使用4 4条条1.salen.“出售，销售出售，销售”。onsale意为意为“出售，上市出售，上市”；forsale意为意为“待售，供出售待售，供出售”，尤指从主人手里出售。，尤指从主人手里出售。sell:v.卖卖笔记笔记2.memory 作名词意为作名词意为“记忆；回忆记忆；回忆”，agoodmemory复数形式为复数形式为memories，动词为，动词为memorize，意，意为为“回忆，记忆，背诵回忆，记忆，背诵”。3.aco

24、upleof表示具体的数量表示具体的数量“两个两个”，指两个相同的人或物体指两个相同的人或物体;表示数量不定的表示数量不定的“少数几个少数几个”。4.abit意为意为“一点儿一点儿,稍微稍微”,修饰形容词修饰形容词或副词或副词,相当于相当于alittle/alittlebit/kindof;abitof+不可数名词不可数名词,alittle直接加不可数直接加不可数名词。名词。notabit=notatall意为意为“一点也不一点也不”notalittle=very意为意为“非常非常”5.check用作及物动词用作及物动词,意为意为“检查检查,审查审查”;checkout“察看，观察察看，观察”。check还可用作名词，意为还可用作名词，意为“支票支票,账单账单”。此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢