初中英语语法-代词(新)ppt课件.ppt

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1、无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布This is a cowThis is a girlno无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布代词的分类代词的分类 人物不反指无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布人称代词：人称代词：人称代词代替人和事物的名称,分为主格和宾格两种形式记住表格无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布 1.1.人称代词作主语时用主格，在动词人称代词作主语时用主格，在动词或介词后作宾语时用宾格或介词后作宾语时用宾格 They all like him very much.他们都很喜欢他他们都很喜欢他。She gave the books to you and me.这些书是她送给你和我

2、的。这些书是她送给你和我的。无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布 2 2.人称代词单数在并列使用时的顺人称代词单数在并列使用时的顺序为序为“第二人称，第三人称，第一人第二人称，第三人称，第一人称称”You,she and I all enjoy the music.你我她都喜欢音乐。你我她都喜欢音乐。无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布It的用法：1:it作为人称代词时，可以表示天气、作为人称代词时，可以表示天气、距离、时间、环境等距离、时间、环境等 What the weather like today?Its windy.今天的天气怎么样？今天的天气怎么样？-有风。有风。Its about

3、 five minutes walk from home to school.从家到学校的路程大约从家到学校的路程大约5 5分钟。分钟。无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布2.it 可指不知性别的婴儿或不确指性别可指不知性别的婴儿或不确指性别的人的人.who is the person over there?It is the headteacher.无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布 3 3.it可作为形式主语，可作为形式主语，its+adj+for/of+to doits+adj+for/of+to do Its hard to reach the apples.很难够到苹果。很难够到苹

4、果。无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布4.某人花费做某事 It takes sb.some time to do sth.5.自从以来，已经有（时间）了。It is/has been+时段时段+since+从句从句(过过去时去时)7.某人发现/认为/感觉到做某事是的 find sb.think feel+it +adj.to do 无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布1.I found _ very difficult to make progress in my study.2.A.its B.it C.that2.It _ my father a whole month to go on

5、 business.1.A.spent B.cost C.took3.It is great fun _ surfing on the Internet.A.go B.to go C.going 无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布二二.物主代词物主代词人人称称分分类类 第一人称第一人称 第二人称第二人称 第三人称第三人称 单数单数 复数复数 单数单数 复数复数 单数单数复数复数形形容容词词性性 名名词词性性 my ouryour your his her its their mine ours yours yours his hers its theirs 无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发

6、布 2 2.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的关系：词的关系：形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词+名词名词=名词性物主代词名词性物主代词 注意：名词性物主代词可以单独使用，形注意：名词性物主代词可以单独使用，形容词性物主代词不可以容词性物主代词不可以These books arent ours.Ours are new.(our books=ours)This is not our room.Ours is over there.(our room=ours)无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布1.She is a friend of _.A.my B.mine C

7、.I2.This isnt my pen,it is _.A.her B.his C.him3.Frank cant find _ dictionary.Can you lend _ to _?A.her,mine ,her B./,yours,he C.his,yours,him无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布4._ school is much bigger than _.A.Our,their B.Ours,theirs C.Our ,theirs5.The dog is so poor because _ leg is badly hurt.A.it B.its C.its无忧无忧

8、PPTPPT整理发布整理发布不定代词不定代词 不是指明代替特定名词（或形容词）的代不是指明代替特定名词（或形容词）的代词词 all,each,every,both,either,neither none,one,little,few,many,much other,another,some,any,no 由由some,any,no,every 等构成的合成代等构成的合成代词词无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布几组在用法上容易混淆的不定代词几组在用法上容易混淆的不定代词 1.1.some/any some（一些（一些,某）一般用于肯定句中某）一般用于肯定句中 There are some fl

9、owers in front of the house.any（一些（一些,任何）多用于疑问句和否定任何）多用于疑问句和否定句句 Do you have any picture-books?无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布 注意：注意：somesome有时也可用于表示请求、征求有时也可用于表示请求、征求意见的疑问句中意见的疑问句中 Would you like some meat?你想要些肉吗？你想要些肉吗？May I ask some questions?我可以问问题吗？我可以问问题吗？Could I have some apples?我可以吃苹果吗？我可以吃苹果吗？Will you g

10、ive me some water?你能给我些水吗？你能给我些水吗？无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布2.2.many/much many 修饰或指代复数名词修饰或指代复数名词 There are many eggs in the basket.Many of us like playing games.much 修饰或指代不可数名词修饰或指代不可数名词 He doesnt know much English.无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布 3.3.another/other another 泛指三个或三个以上中的另一泛指三个或三个以上中的另一个个 I dont want this c

11、oat.Please show me another.other 后面接名词，泛指别的、其他后面接名词，泛指别的、其他的的 Do you have any other questions?无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布 either“两者中任何一个两者中任何一个”,作主语时作主语时谓语用第三人称单数谓语用第三人称单数;作定语时后跟名词作定语时后跟名词单数单数 There are trees on either side of the street.=There are trees on both sides of the street.无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布4.the ot

12、her/others/the others4.the other/others/the others the other the other 1.特指两个中的另一个特指两个中的另一个 He has two sons.One is a worker,the other is a doctor.2.修饰名词，特指另一个、另一些修饰名词，特指另一个、另一些 Tom likes swimming,and the other boys in his class like swimming,too.注：注：the other boys=the others无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布 others

13、泛指其他的人或物泛指其他的人或物 He often helps others.Some are playing basketball,others are playing football.the others 特指确定范围内两部分剩下的特指确定范围内两部分剩下的全部人或物全部人或物 There are fifty students in our class.Twenty of them are girls,the others are boys.无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布5.5.few/a few/little/a little few/a few 修饰可数名词修饰可数名词 lit

14、tle/a little 修饰不可数名词修饰不可数名词 few,little 表示否定意义表示否定意义,译为译为“没没有几个有几个”，“没有多少没有多少”a few,a little 表示肯定意义表示肯定意义,译译为为“有几个有几个”，“有一点有一点”无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布 6.every/each6.every/each every单数名词单数名词,表示表示“每一个每一个”,强调共强调共性、整体性、整体,只作定语只作定语,形式上为单数形式上为单数.不与不与of 连用连用 Every child likes playing games.each 表示表示“每一个每一个”,强调个性

15、强调个性,作定语主作定语主语、宾语和同位语语、宾语和同位语,常与常与of 连用连用 Each student was asked to try again.Each of them has a nice skirt.无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布 7.7.all/none all“(“(全部全部)都都”,表示三者或三者以上，作表示三者或三者以上，作同位语时同位语时,一般放在连系动词、助动词之后一般放在连系动词、助动词之后,行行为动词之前为动词之前 We are all from Canada.They all like English.none“没有没有”,表示三者或三者以上都不表示三者

16、或三者以上都不,后常跟介词后常跟介词of（谓语动词单、复数均可）（谓语动词单、复数均可）None of us is/are afraid of dogs.无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布 8.8.both/either/neither both“（两者）都（两者）都”,作主语时看作复数；作主语时看作复数；作定语时后跟名词复数作定语时后跟名词复数 My parents are both teachers.=Both of my parents are teachers.neither“(“(两者两者)都不都不”,含有否定意义，含有否定意义，作主语时谓语用第三人称单数作主语时谓语用第三人称单数

17、;作定语时后跟作定语时后跟名词单数名词单数 Neither answer is right.无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布 有关词组及应用有关词组及应用 both of/neither of Both of them swim well.他们俩都游得很好。他们俩都游得很好。Neither of them stopped to have a rest.他们俩谁都不停下来休息。他们俩谁都不停下来休息。无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布 bothandbothand两者都两者都（谓语动词用复数形式）（谓语动词用复数形式）eitheror或者。或者或者。或者/neithernor既不也不既不也

18、不(谓语动词遵循就谓语动词遵循就近原则近原则)Both Tom and Lucy are in Grade Two.Tom 和和 Lucy 都在二年级。都在二年级。Either my father or my mother cooks at home.或者我爸爸或者我妈妈在家烧饭。或者我爸爸或者我妈妈在家烧饭。Neither he nor I am free today.我和他今天都没空。我和他今天都没空。无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布 9.9.Something/anything/nothing Somebody/anybody/nobodya.a.当形容词修饰这些不定代词时，常后置当

19、形容词修饰这些不定代词时，常后置 b.b.做主语时动词用单数做主语时动词用单数 I have something important to tell you.Is there anything else in the box?Nobody can answer the question.无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布each everyeach (each (常与常与ofof连用用)everyevery两两者或以上的每一个人或物者或以上的每一个人或物三三者或以上每一个人或物者或以上每一个人或物 every other every other 每隔每隔Eg:every other day

20、Eg:every other day 每隔一天每隔一天 =every two days every two days I gave them _ an apple.A.every B.each C.each of There is a line of trees on _ side of the street.Aevery Beach Cboth She goes shopping _ five days.A.every B.each C.each of 他隔天来这里。他隔天来这里。He came here _ day.every other无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布none no

21、onenonenoneno oneno one没有什么人没有什么人 /物物“没有人没有人”只能指人只能指人回答回答 how manyhow many 问句句回答回答whowho问句句none of+none of+复数名复数名词 /them /them 谓语用用单数数 How many people are there in the room?_.A.None B.No one C.Lucy Who is in the room?_.A.None B.No one C.one None of them _ China.A.come from B.is from C.is come from无忧

22、无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布either of 两者之一+复数名词/them/us谓单neither of 两者两者都不都不谓单both of 两者两者都都谓复 _ of the girls _ him.They asked him for name card.A.Neither;know B.Either;know C.Neither;knows Both of his parents _ teachers.A.is B.are C.was Both of his brothers _ in this hospital,but neither of them _ a doctor.A.w

23、orks;is B.work;is C.work;areeither neither both无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布either neither both Either Tom or the twins _ the way to the shop.A.know B.knows C.finds Neither you nor I _ a scientist.A.is B.are C.am Both Tom and Mary _ hard.A.studies B.study C.studyingeither or 或者或者或者或者就近原则neither nor 两者两者都不都不bot

24、h and 两者两者都都复数谓语无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布one it The box is in the middle of the room.Move _ away.A.it B.one C./I have lost my pen.I have to buy _.A.one B.it C./How nice your bag is!I want to buy _.A.it B.one C./one 同类同类不同件不同件it 同类同类同件同件无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布 The students are all from Foshan.They _ like their c

25、ity.A.both B.all C.either Lucy and Lily _ agree with us.A.all B.both C.neither How are your parents?They are _ fine.A.both B.all C.no无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布1.Although all the girls have tried their best,only _ pass the exam.2.A.few B.a few C.a little3.2.Dont worry.There is _ time left.4.A.little B.a litt

26、le C.few5.3.You are so great!_ people in the school can do it.6.A.A little B.Little C.Few无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布1.Do you have _ to do this evening?A.important something B.anything important C.something important 2._ is watching TV.Lets turn it off.A.Somebody B.Anybody C.Nobody3.Would you like _?I can get

27、 it for you.A.something else B.anything else C.everything else无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布 人称人称分类分类第一人称第一人称第二人称第二人称 第三人称第三人称单单 数数 复数复数myself ourselves yourself yourselveshimselfthemselvesherself itself 反身代词反身代词无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布1.反身代词常见固定搭配反身代词常见固定搭配 过得愉快过得愉快自学自学 请随便吃请随便吃独自独自 为自己为自己自己穿衣服自己穿衣服 照顾自己照顾自己 enjoy o

28、neself teach/learn oneself sth.help oneself to sth.by oneself for oneselfdress oneself look after oneself无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布1.The man is rich,he can buy _ a lot of things.2.A.he B.his C.himself3.2.-What a lovely card!Where did you buy it?-I made it by _.1.A.me B.myself C.itself2.3.“Help _ to some chi

29、cken,”my mother said to the guests.3.A.yourself B.yourselves C.your无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布指示代词指示代词 表示空间和时间远近关系的代词表示空间和时间远近关系的代词 包包括括:this/that(单数单数)these/those(复复数数)1.this,these指在方位上较近的人或物指在方位上较近的人或物 that,those指在方位上较远的人或物指在方位上较远的人或物 This is my shirt,thats yours.These TVs are made in China,those are made

30、in Japan.无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布 2.2.that,those常指前面提过的东西常指前面提过的东西,以以免重复免重复 *These boxes are heavier than those on the desk.3.3.刚才提到的事情，在英文中用刚才提到的事情，在英文中用that *He was ill yesterday.Im sorry to hear that.无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布四四.指示代词指示代词 The population of Shanghai is larger than _ of Jinan.A.that B.this C.it T

31、he radios made in Beijing are as good as _ made in Qingdao.A.that B.these C.those What I want to tell you is _the film will be at eight.A.it B.this C.that无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布(20082008年广东省汕头市年广东省汕头市)一一Is that _dog?Is that _dog?No._is white No._is whiteA Ahishis；His His B Bherher；Itis Itis CChehe；His Hi

32、s D Dherher；HerHer中考考什么中考考什么?D无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布(重庆市重庆市20082008年年)We like Mr.Green because We like Mr.Green because he often tells _ funny stories in class.he often tells _ funny stories in class.A.weA.we B.us B.us C.our C.our D.oursD.ours无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布(重庆市2008年)When shall we go to the museum,th

33、is afternoon or tomorrow morning?_ is OK.Im free these days.A.Both B.All C.Either D.Neither无忧无忧PPTPPT整理发布整理发布(20082008年天津市年天津市)Is_here?Is_here?No,John and Bob have asked for No,John and Bob have asked for leave.leave.A.nobodyA.nobodyB.anybodyB.anybodyC.somebodyC.somebodyD.everybodyD.everybodyTry it

34、out()1 Is this your football,boys?No,it is not _ A.yours B.our C.mine D.ours()2 The bird builds _ nest in the tree.A.her B.its C.its D.hers()3 The maths problem _ is wrong.A.himself B.he C.itself D.herselfDBC()4 _ want to see the film.A Every student B Each student C All of students D All the studen

35、ts()5 A lot of people have tried,but _ have succeeded.A.the few B.a few C.few D.little()6 _ of the four roads will take you to the hospital.A.Both B.Neither C.Any D.EitherDCC()7 I have five pencils,one is red,_ is blue and _ are green.A.another,the other B.the other,others C.others,the others D.anot

36、her,the others()8 I have found _ on the Internet.A.a few informations B.a little informations C.a few information D.a little informationDD()9 I have Chemistry classes _ day,Monday,Wednesday and Friday.A.each other B.every other C.this and other D.all other()10-_ is the man under the tree?-Jims fathe

37、r.A.When B.What C.Where D.WhoBD 11.This stick is _.A.him B.he C.his12.He is always ready to help _.A.another B.the other C.others13._ is Jacks aunt.A.He B.She C.It14.She sent several cards to _ of her friends.A.some B.any C.no15._ subjects do you have this term?A.Which B.Whose C.What16._ of them has

38、 a computer.A.Each B.Every C.All17.Can your brother look after _?A.himself B.him C.his1.8 Which of _ bikes is yours?A.this B.that C.these19._ are good friends.A.You,he and I B.She,you and I C.I,you and he20.She hasnt brought _ pen today.Will you lend her _?A.her,your B.hers,yours C.her,yours21.Very

39、_ of them knew the hotel.A.few B.little C.a few22.The jacket is too short.Please show me _.A.other B.another C.one23.Some city people grow vegetables _.A.herself B.himself C.themselves用恰当的词填空。用恰当的词填空。1.I am a student._ name is Lily.I often teach _ English.2.Tom is too young.Please look after _.3.He is fourteen._ name is Tom.This book is _.He can look after _.4.Well go fishing later.Would you like to come with _?5.Looking at the boys._ are playing games._ names are Mike and Bill.They enjoy _.My myself himHis his himself us They Their themselves