表语从句详细讲解及练习.pptx

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1、名词性从句名词性从句nounclause主语从句主语从句subjectclause宾语从句宾语从句objectclause表语从句表语从句predicativeclause同位语从句同位语从句appositiveclause第1页/共41页名词性从句中的名词性从句中的连接词连接词连词连词:that/whether/asif(though);连接代词连接代词:what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever，连接副词连接副词:where/when/why/how/wherever/whenever第2页/共41页Predicativ

2、e Clauses 表语从句第3页/共41页Eg.（例子）Thepersonstoodinfrontofyoujustnowismyheadmaster.刚才站在你前面的那个人是我的校长。Ididntknowthatitwasyouatthattime.当时我不知道那是你。Thedoorremainedclosed.门仍然关着。Marysdailyjobiscleaningthehouse.玛丽的日常工作就是打扫这间房子。名词名词充当表语充当表语代词代词充当表语充当表语动词过去分词动词过去分词充当表语充当表语动词动词-ing形式充形式充当表语当表语第4页/共41页Thehouseisnoton

3、lylargebutalsobeautiful.这所房子不仅大而且漂亮。WhenIwenttoyourhouse,youwereout.当我到你家的时候，你不在家。Noonewasinthedorm,whenshearrived.当她到达的时候，宿舍里没有人。MyjobistoteachyouEnglish.我的工作是教你们英语。Thereasonwhyhecamelatewasthathisclockdidntwork.他迟到的原因是他的闹钟坏了。介词短语介词短语充当充当表语表语副词副词充当表语充当表语形容词形容词充当表语充当表语不定式不定式充当表语充当表语从句从句充当表语充当表语第5页/共

4、41页表语结构：放在系动词之后作用：说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的成分：表语常由名词、代词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、数词及从句来充当。1.This is an English-Chinese dictionary.2.The dinner smells good.3.He fell in love.4.My job is to teach you English.5.The question is who will do it.表语从句表语从句第6页/共41页1.表语从句的定义Thequestioniswhowilldoit.Thequestionisdiff

5、icult.（表表）表语从句表语从句（表表）第7页/共41页表语从句的定义：表语从句在复合句中作主句的表语。表语从句和主语指同一内容，它对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。结构是“主语+系动词+引导词+简单句（表语从句）”。可以接表语从句的系动词有be,look,remain,seem等。Definition（定义）第8页/共41页可以接表语从句的可以接表语从句的系动词系动词有：有：1:be动词动词2:感官动词：感官动词：feel,seem,look,appear,sound,taste,smell3:表示状态：表示状态：remain,keep,stay4:表示变化：表示变化：becom

6、e,get,grow,turn,go,fall5:证明：证明：prove,turnout系动词的固定搭配系动词的固定搭配:cometrue,fallasleep,fallill,gobad第9页/共41页连接词：连接词：that/whether/as if/as though连接代词：连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what 连接副词：连接副词：when/where/why/how/because 引导词第10页/共41页观察思考观察思考：指出句子成分指出句子成分HenrywasanAmericanbusinessman.HenrymetanAmericanbusiness

7、man.主语主语表语表语主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语（及物动词）（及物动词）连系动词连系动词第11页/共41页2.表语从句的构成主语+系动词+引导词引导词+简单句Thisiswhyhedidit.表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。WhatIwanttosayisthatIamtired第12页/共41页Predictiveclause表语从句1.that1)that在从句中不担任句子成分，无实际意义，一般不能省略2)在表“建议，劝说，命令”的名词idea,suggestion,request,proposal等后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”（虚拟语气），shou

8、ld可省略1)Myopinionisthatitsgettingbetterandbetter.2)Mysuggesstionisthatwe(should)startearlytomorrow.引导词的用法（一）引导词的用法（一）第13页/共41页名词主语名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句引起的表语从句主语名词常常是主语名词常常是表示事实，真理的名词，如：表示事实，真理的名词，如：fact,truth表示看法，观点、问题、麻烦的名词，表示看法，观点、问题、麻烦的名词，如：如：idea,opinion,belief,view,news,advice,feeling,suggestion,p

9、lan,trouble,question,problem,1.Thefactisthatourteamhaswonthegame.2.Thetruthisthatshewastheverypersonwearelookingfor.第14页/共41页what 在表语从句中充当_ 表示_.1.The question is what caused the accident.2.That mountain is no longer what it used to be.3.What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting.主语、

10、宾语或表语主语、宾语或表语什么，什么样子，或所什么，什么样子，或所的（人或事）的（人或事）引导词的用法（二）引导词的用法（二）第15页/共41页who 在表语从句中充当_表示_.1.The problem is who could do the work2.My trouble is who(whom)I can turn to.主语、宾语或表语主语、宾语或表语谁谁引导词的用法（三）引导词的用法（三）第16页/共41页 which 在引导表语从句时,常充当_ 表示 。如：I read about it in some book or another,but what I dont know i

11、s which(book)it is.定语定语,表语表语其中哪一个其中哪一个引导词的用法（四）引导词的用法（四）第17页/共41页whether在表语从句中表,但不充当句子的成分。if引导表语从句.如:1.Whatthedoctorreallydoubtsiswhethermymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.2.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.“是否是否”不能不能引导词的用法（五）引导词的用法（五）第18页/共41页whether现在唯一要弄清楚的是他是否拐卖妇女儿童。他提出的第一个问题是：儿子无出息，

12、父母也不光彩，是否如此？Allthatistobemadecleariswhetherheabductedandsoldwomenandchildren.Thefirstthingheputforwardswaswhetheraworthlesssonwasadisgracetohisparents.第19页/共41页asif,asthough引导的表语从句asif/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look,seem,sound,be,become等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。e.g.Itsoundsasif/thoughsomebodywasknockingatthe

13、door.主语主语+连系动词连系动词（look/seem/appear）+that/asif从句从句引导词的用法（六）引导词的用法（六）第20页/共41页*asif/asthough引导的表语从句如果是事实，就用陈述语气，如果与事实不符，就用虚拟语气(主句一般现在时，从句就用一般过去时，be的话变成were。主句是一般过去时，从句用过去完成时)。Itlooksasifhewereherownfather.(与事实不符)Darkcloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifitsgoingtorain.第21页/共41页As/as if、as though 形势并不像外表所看到的那

14、样。她看上去很担忧他父母的病情。他好像疯了似的。Thesituationisnotasitseemstobe.Shelooksasifsheisworriedaboutherfathersdisease.Itwasasthoughheweremad.第22页/共41页becausebecause引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/Itisbecause”结构中。Myangerisbecauseyouhaventwrittentomeforalongtime.你为什么不来出席座谈会？是病了么？Whywereyouabsentfromtheforum?Wasitbecauseyouwere

15、ill?引导词的用法（七）引导词的用法（七）第23页/共41页that,why与because引导表语从句时的区别 虽然三者均可引导表语从句，但that没有词义，而why和because有自己的意思；另外，虽然why和because都可引导表语从句，但前者强调结果，后者强调原因。如：Thereasonwasthatyoudonttrusther.原因是你不信任她。Thefactisthattheyareangrywitheachother.事实是他们生彼此的气。Hewasill.Thatswhyhewassenttothehospital.他病了，所以被送到医院来。Hewassenttothe

16、hospital.Thatsbecausehewasill.他被送到医院，是因为他生病了。第24页/共41页填填空空:The reason why we didnt trust him is _ he has often liedreason做做主主语语时时，表表语语从从句句只只能能用用that引引导导,不不能能用用why引导。句型结构为：引导。句型结构为：Thereason(why/for)is/wasthat.ThereasonisthatthatThereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning（当主语是当

17、主语是reason时，表语从句要用时，表语从句要用that引导而不是引导而不是because）他早上来晚的原因是他晚了一分钟而没赶上火车。他早上来晚的原因是他晚了一分钟而没赶上火车。第25页/共41页注意：主语为reason时，表语从句连接词用that,但以it,this,that开头做主语的句子，则可用because。Thereasonforhisbeinglatewasthathemissedtheearlybus.Shewaslatethismorning.Thatwasbecauseshemissedtheearlybus.*Thereason_hewaslatewasthathemi

18、ssedtheearlybus.why第26页/共41页例题例题2：Thereasonwhyhefailedis_hewastoocareless.A.becauseB.thatC.forD.becauseof B注意点注意点2：主句主语为主句主语为reason,只能用只能用that引导表语从句，引导表语从句，不可用不可用because.第27页/共41页连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever连接副词where,when,how,why。Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher.问题是我们能

19、找到谁去替换她呢。Thequestionishowhedidit.问题是他是如何做此事的。Thatwaswhatshedidthismorningonreachingtheattic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。Thatiswherehewasborn.那就是他出生的地方。那就是他出生的地方。第28页/共41页where,when,why,how引导的表语从句连接副词where,when,why,how除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。e.g.ThatswhereIcantagreewithyou.ThisiswhySarawaslateforthem

20、eeting.Thisishowtheyovercomethedifficulties.MystrongestmemoryiswhenIattendedanAmericanwedding.第29页/共41页问题在于如何使古为今用，如何使洋为问题在于如何使古为今用，如何使洋为中用。中用。那时我在管伙食。那时我在管伙食。根本问题就在这里。根本问题就在这里。他不应该被贪污论罪，道理就在这里。他不应该被贪污论罪，道理就在这里。ThequestionishowthepastismadetoservethepresentandforeignthingsaremadetoserveChina.Thatwas

21、whenIwasinchargeofmess.Thisiswherethebasiclies.Itwaswhyheshouldnotbefoundofcorruption.第30页/共41页1、名词主语bewh-疑问词引导的从句Thetroubleiswherewecangetthethingsweneed.2、wh-引导的主语从句bethat从句Whatsurprisedmemostwasthatallthepupilswereunusuallyquiet.3、This/Thatbewh-疑问词引导的从句ThisishowyoumaketheItalianpizza.表语从句的常用句型：第3

22、1页/共41页表语从句引导词注意事项表语从句引导词注意事项1.that引导表语从句时不能省引导表语从句时不能省.2.if不能引导表语从句不能引导表语从句.3.除除that外的所有引导词都有自己外的所有引导词都有自己的意义。的意义。4.除除that,whether外的所有引导外的所有引导词都须在词都须在从句中充当相应的成从句中充当相应的成分分 5.表语从句中，从句用陈述句语序第32页/共41页1.-Are you still thinking about yesterdays game?-Oh,thats_.A.what makes me feel excitedB.whatever I fee

23、l excited about C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited A解析解析：这是由这是由what引导的一个表语从句，引导的一个表语从句，在从句中充当主语，这句话的意思为：那是在从句中充当主语，这句话的意思为：那是使我感到兴奋的事。故答案为使我感到兴奋的事。故答案为A。第33页/共41页2.-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that_ you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.what D.where 解析:这是一个由why引导的表语从句,表

24、示原因.这句话的意思是这就是你离开的原因吗?。故答案为A。A第34页/共41页3.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly_hewants.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.that解析:这是一个宾语从句,wants后面缺少宾语,Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactlywhathewants是一句谚语,意思是永远给予他人他确实想要的东西。故答案为A。A第35页/共41页小结：小结：1.表语从句的构成表语从句的构成:引导词引导词+简单

25、句简单句2.引导词引导词:连词连词that,whether,as,asif连接代词连接代词who,what,which连接副词连接副词when,where,how,why3.3个注意点个注意点:if不引导表语从句不引导表语从句主语为主语为reason时，引导词用时，引导词用that语序语序第36页/共41页1.Thequestionis_wewillhaveoursportsmeetnextweek.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whether2Thereasonwhyhefailedis_hewastoocareless.A.becauseB.thatC.forD.becauseof3

26、.Goandgetyourcoat.Its_youleftitA.whereB.thereC.therewhereD.wherethere第37页/共41页4Theproblemis_totaketheplaceofTedA.whocanwegetB.whatwecangetC.whowecangetD.thatwecanget5.WhatIwanttoknowis_helikesthegiftgivenbyus.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.不填6.Thereasonis_Imissedthebus.A.thatB.whenC.whyD.what第38页/共41页7.Thepro

27、blemis_hehasenoughtime.A.ifB.whetherC./D.that11.Hemadeapromise_hewouldhelpme.A.whatB.whenC.thatD.which8.Iremember_thisusedtobeaquietvillage.A.howB.whenC.whereD.what9.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whereverBCBB第39页/共41页我想知道的是我们应该走那条路。What I want to know is which road we should take.第40页/共41页感谢您的观看。第41页/共41页