高考英语语法填空解题技巧(整理)ppt课件.pptx
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1、从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。英语语法填空解题技巧与方法英语语法填空解题技巧与方法从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。1 1、阅读、阅读/理解理解语篇语篇的能力的能力;2 2、分析句子结构的能力、分析句子结构的能力;3 3、熟练运用语法的能力。、熟练运用语法的能力。1.语法填空题语法填空题能力要求能力要求2.语法填空题语法填空题解题步骤解题步骤n1 1、快速浏览全文,把握文章大意、快速浏
2、览全文,把握文章大意和作者写作意图,总体时态;和作者写作意图,总体时态;n2 2、分析句子结构、分析句子结构-主谓结构主谓结构;n3 3、根据上下文把握空格意思。、根据上下文把握空格意思。从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。3.语法填空题语法填空题空格设计空格设计纯空格纯空格介词,介词,代代词,词,连连词,冠词词,冠词(情态动词/助动词)(每空1词)有有提提示示词词谓语动词:(适当形式:时态谓语动词:(适当形式:时态/语态)语态)非谓语动词:(非谓语动词:(to do/doing/done)名
3、词:(可数名词:(可数/不可数不可数/单复数、单复数、词类转换词类转换)形容词或副词:(形容词或副词:(词类转换词类转换、比较等级)、比较等级)(每空可多个词)从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。3.the head of the village was tying up his horse to 3.the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to my car to pull it to small
4、 town some 20 small town some 20 kilometers away.kilometers away.4.I still remember taking _ visiting friend 4.I still remember taking _ visiting friend from from CanadaCanada to a local Black Country pub to a local Black Country pub(酒店酒店酒店酒店)for lunch.for lunch.考点一:冠词考点一:冠词:名词之前:名词之前1.There once we
5、re a goat There once were a goat(山羊山羊山羊山羊)and a donkeyand a donkey(驴驴驴驴).So.So the farmer killed _ goat and gave the the farmer killed _ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart.donkey medicine made from its heart.2.When I see a child subject to2.When I see a child subject to(受到受到受到受到)t
6、his kind of this kind of pressure,I think of Donnie.He was _ shy,pressure,I think of Donnie.He was _ shy,nervous perfectionistnervous perfectionist(完美主义者完美主义者完美主义者完美主义者).).考查语法点考查语法点:定冠词定冠词,不定冠词的用法不定冠词的用法考点分析考点分析考点分析考点分析 无提示词无提示词从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。从使
7、用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。考点二:考点二:介词介词(1)(1)介词介词+宾语(名词)宾语(名词)(2)(2)不及物动词不及物动词+介词介词+宾语宾语1.In short,I believe that it is _ great use to keep 1.In short,I believe that it is _ great use to keep a dairy in Englisha dairy in English2.When I took the money from her
8、 grandparents,I 2.When I took the money from her grandparents,I looked back _the girl,who was giving me the looked back _the girl,who was giving me the most optimistic,largest smile I had ever seen.most optimistic,largest smile I had ever seen.3.She found some good quality pipes3.She found some good
9、 quality pipes_ _ sale.sale.4.He was very tired 4.He was very tired _doing this for a whole doing this for a whole dayday考查语法点考查语法点:介词的基本用法及惯用搭配介词的基本用法及惯用搭配考点分析考点分析考点分析考点分析 无提示词:无提示词:注意固定搭配注意固定搭配从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。当空格后的名词(一般前有限定词)、代词或动名词在句中不是不是作主语、表语
10、,也不是也不是作动词的宾语时,那就是作介词的宾语,即填介词。因为名词和代词最典型的用法是在句中作主语或宾语,既然不作主语和动词的宾语,那就是作介词的宾语了,所以要填介词。具体填什么介词,可能是由介词与该名词的介词与该名词的搭配及其意义搭配及其意义来决定,也可能是由动词或形容动词或形容词与介词的句式搭配词与介词的句式搭配来决定。解题技巧解题技巧从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。考点三:考点三:代词代词(1)(1)作主语用主格,作宾语用宾格作主语用主格,作宾语用宾格,注意注意形容形容词词性词词性
11、和和名词性物主代词名词性物主代词的区别。的区别。(2)(2)指示代词指示代词,不定代词、反身代词等不定代词、反身代词等(3)(3)有关有关itit的特殊句型的特殊句型考查语法点考查语法点:代词的基本用法代词的基本用法1.She remembered how difficult 1.She remembered how difficult _ was to choose was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.a suitable Christmas present for her father.2.When the t
12、ime came for me to say goodbye to my 2.When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in my village,I wanted to reward the old friends in my village,I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused _.woman for the trouble I had caused _.3.It has been said before,but experiencing
13、 it myself has 3.It has been said before,but experiencing it myself has made _ want to say it again:a smilemade _ want to say it again:a smile 无提示词无提示词 因句子的主语或宾语主要由因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、名词、代词、动名词或不定式动名词或不定式等充当,而名词、动名词或不定式等实等充当,而名词、动名词或不定式等实词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查,词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查,所以纯空格所填所以纯空格所填所以纯空格所填所以纯空格所填词在
14、句子中作主语或宾语时,通常填代词词在句子中作主语或宾语时,通常填代词词在句子中作主语或宾语时,通常填代词词在句子中作主语或宾语时,通常填代词:解题技巧解题技巧在在名词前作定语名词前作定语就就只能用形容词性物主代词只能用形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her等等)。从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。考点四:连词或考点四:连词或从句引导词从句引导词两个主谓结构两个主谓结构连接连接 1.Historically,it was famous for industry,which Histo
15、rically,it was famous for industry,which explains_the area is called the Black Country.explains_the area is called the Black Country.2.It got its name during the industrial revolution,2.It got its name during the industrial revolution,_ factory pollution turned the local skies black _ factory pollut
16、ion turned the local skies black and local dust from the mines made the soil the same and local dust from the mines made the soil the same color.color.3.Jane paused in front of a counter(3.Jane paused in front of a counter(柜台柜台柜台柜台)_ some)_ some attractive ties were on display.attractive ties were o
17、n display.4.One day,he came up with an idea _ he would 4.One day,he came up with an idea _ he would pluck up(pluck up(拔起拔起拔起拔起)all of his crop a few inches.)all of his crop a few inches.考查语法点考查语法点:各类复合句中连词各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法引导词的用法考点分析考点分析考点分析考点分析 无提示词无提示词从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市
18、地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。解题技巧解题技巧解题技巧解题技巧(1)连接两个功能对等的单词或短语两个功能对等的单词或短语时,应填并列连词and,or,but等。(2)若两个句子(即两个主谓结构两个主谓结构)之间,没有句没有句号或分号号或分号,也没有连词,那空格处必定是填连接词,否则,句子结构就不完整。根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系,或者根据句式结构,确定是并列句并列句并列句并列句(多要求考生填and,but,while,when,or 等)还是某种主从复合句主从复合句主从复合句主从复合句。然后根据各类从句的特点,结合连接词的意义和用法,确定填具体的某个连词。并列句:并列句:简单句简单句
19、并列连词并列连词简单句简单句复合句:复合句:主句(主谓宾)主句(主谓宾)从句从句 (连接词连接词主谓)主谓)从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。考点五:谓考点五:谓语动词语动词 有提示词有提示词 与主语构成主谓结构与主语构成主谓结构1.I was certain she would like it because I _ 1.I was certain sh
20、e would like it because I _(tell)by my classmates that she loved hot food.(tell)by my classmates that she loved hot food.2.His fear of failure _(keep)him from 2.His fear of failure _(keep)him from classroom games that other children played with classroom games that other children played with joyous
21、abandon.joyous abandon.3.Being too anxious to help an event develop often 3.Being too anxious to help an event develop often _(result)in the contrary to our intention._(result)in the contrary to our intention.考查语法点考查语法点:谓语动词的时态、语态、主谓一致谓语动词的时态、语态、主谓一致从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地
22、下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。当句中缺少谓语动词时,括号中的动词就是谓语动词。此时要考虑_、_、_、_等四个方面。【确定时态的【确定时态的3条依据】条依据】(1)依据上下文时态一致。看上下文谓语动词是什么时态(过去/现在/将来),空格要填的动词时态一般应与上下文的时态一致。空格要填的动词时态一般应与上下文的时态一致。这是高考语法填空中确定时态的这是高考语法填空中确定时态的最重要的依据最重要的依据。但需注意:客观事实或真理可能时态不一致;直接引语的时态会与引号外的时态不一致。(2)依据并列谓语动词并列谓语动词的时态一致。(3)依据时间状语。如recently,so far,up to n
23、ow,up to the present,in the past few years常与现在完成时连用;by the end of,since 1980,for three years常与完成时连用。提示:尽管课标或考纲中列出了10种时态,但近两年全国卷和九年广东卷的高考真题主要考查了一般现在时和一般过去时考查了一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态。解题技巧解题技巧时态、时态、语态、语态、语气、语气、主谓一致主谓一致从使用情况来看,闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构,但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用,在此不再说明。考点六:非谓考点六:非谓语动词语动词 有提示词有
24、提示词 非谓语动词及变形的使用非谓语动词及变形的使用1.We must also consider the reaction of the person 1.We must also consider the reaction of the person _(receive)the gift._(receive)the gift.2.I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left 2.I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left _(complete)the rest!_(complete)the r
25、est!3.My pupils,Donnie _(include),adored her.3.My pupils,Donnie _(include),adored her.4.Before the waitress could even finish describing the 4.Before the waitress could even finish describing the menu,my friend looked at me with his eyebrows(menu,my friend looked at me with his eyebrows(眉毛眉毛眉毛眉毛)(ra
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