英语选修语法动词不定式.pptx
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1、动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式。由“to+动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not/never to do”,不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可以作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语,但不能单独作谓语。动词不定式第1页/共37页1.作主语2.作宾语3.作宾语补足语4.作定语5.作状语6.作表语7.作独立成分8.与疑问词等连用第2页/共37页1.To do that sort of thing is foolish.Its foolish to do that sort of things.(主语)It would be better for you
2、 to go there.2.All you have to do is to finish the job quickly.What I want to do is to have a rest.(表语)3.He promised not to tell anyone about it.(宾语)He found it difficult to get up early.4.He is the only person to know the truth.Betty was the first girl to come.(定语)5.She asked me to stay here.(宾补)6.
3、The boy is old enough to go to school.(状语)He went to the seaside only to be drowned.第3页/共37页一.结构:to do (否定)not/never to do 二.时态与语态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态一般式一般式进行式进行式完成式完成式完成进行式完成进行式不定式 to do to be done to be doing to have done to have been done to have been doing-第4页/共37页(1).They pretended not to see us.(2
4、).He pretended to be sleeping.(3).She pretended to have known it before.(一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/几乎/发生在它之后.)(在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行)(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前)(4).Were happy to have been working with you.(完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式的动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续)第5页/共37页Marty says2.I used to climb trees,swim and play football.3.Then I sta
5、rted to get weaker and weaker.1.Unfortunately,the doctors dont know how to make me better,but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability.第6页/共37页4.Even after all that,no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to know what the future holds.5.Sometimes,too,I was too we
6、ak to go to school so my education suffered.6.My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up.Marty says第7页/共37页Marty says7.Last year I inventedand a big company has decided to buy it from me.8.I also have to do a lot of work,especially if I have been away for a whil
7、e.9.Just accept them for who they are,and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.第8页/共37页Do you believe I can fly like a bird?第9页/共37页How can you believe I can fly like a bird?_is to believe.Its impossible for humans _now.To seeto fly like a bird第10页/共37页To see is to belie
8、ve.Its important to learn English well.1.主语单个不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数若不定式太长,往往用it作形式主语,不定式置后.Its impossible for humans to fly like a bird now.第11页/共37页My job to_.Your task to_.isis(2).不定式作表语protect the world.第12页/共37页My job to help the patient.Your task to clean the classroom.isis第13页/共37页He likes to_.(3)不定式
9、作宾语play basketball第14页/共37页常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有:agree,appear,ask,attempt;decide,demand,determine;expect,fail,get,hate,hesitate,hope,intend,learn,manage,plan,prepare,pretend,promise;refuse,seem,tend,threaten;want,wish 等+to do。第15页/共37页I want to go home.The workers demanded to get better pay.I found it nece
10、ssary to talk to him again.think/consider/find it+adj.+to do 第16页/共37页My mother ask me to_two hours every day.(4).不定式作宾补play the piano第17页/共37页The teacher told me to clean the blackboard.I expect you to give me some help.引导不定式作宾补的动词:warn,tell,allow,help,ask,force等+sb to do sth第18页/共37页I have somethi
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