英语中主动表被动情况小结讲解学习.ppt

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1、英语中主动表被动情况小结 一、谓语动词用主动表被动的五种情形一、谓语动词用主动表被动的五种情形(1)某些连系动词某些连系动词(如如look,sound,smell,feel,taste,prove,turn out等等)要用主动表被动，因要用主动表被动，因为连系动词没有被动语态形式：为连系动词没有被动语态形式：That dog looks dangerous.Your idea sounds good.My advice proved(to be)wrong.（2）某些可以和）某些可以和well,easily,smoothly等副词连等副词连用的动词如用的动词如read,write,wash,

2、clean,draw,burn,cook,sell,lock,open,shut,且主语是非生命的名且主语是非生命的名词或代词词或代词,用主动结构表被动意思用主动结构表被动意思,e.g.This kind of book sells well.The pen writes smoothly.The cloth washes well.The poem reads smoothly.The table doesnt clean easily.This kind of rice cooks more easily than that kind.（3）某些表示开始和结束的动词）某些表示开始和结束的动

3、词(begin,start,end等等)，当主语为事物且不强调动作，当主语为事物且不强调动作的执行者时，可用主动语态表示被动意义。的执行者时，可用主动语态表示被动意义。When does the concert begin?音乐会什么时音乐会什么时候开始？候开始？The play ended at ten oclock.戏戏10点钟结束。点钟结束。（4）一些不及物动词或短语是不用被动的，）一些不及物动词或短语是不用被动的，如：如：happen,take place,come about,break out,date back to，belong to 等等1.Great changes hav

4、e taken place in the village recently.2.Two world wars broke out last century.3.A fire broke out in the hospital in the mid-night.4.Can you tell me how the accident came about?The story happened in 2003.5.A car accident happened to her this morning?(5)当当need/want/require/deserve等动词等动词后的动词用后的动词用v-ing

5、形式时形式时,用主动结构表用主动结构表被动意思被动意思,相当于相当于to be done,e.g.My watch needs repairing（to be repaired）.The house wants painting（to be painted）.二、非谓语动词用主动表被动的几种情形二、非谓语动词用主动表被动的几种情形(1)不定式不定式to blame,to let,to seek用作表语时，用作表语时，通常要用主动形式表示被动意义：通常要用主动形式表示被动意义：Who is to blame?该怪谁呢？该怪谁呢？He shouldnt be to blame for the ac

6、cident.他不该为此次事故负责。他不该为此次事故负责。A better way is yet to seek.还得找一种更好的办法。还得找一种更好的办法。(2)某些某些“名（代）名（代）be+形容词形容词+to do”结构中结构中的不定式通常要用主动形式表示被动意义：的不定式通常要用主动形式表示被动意义：The question is difficult to answer.这问题很难回答。这问题很难回答。Your writing is impossible to read.你的书写没法认。你的书写没法认。Do you think the water is safe to drink?你认

7、为这水喝起来安全吗你认为这水喝起来安全吗?He is easy to get along with.他很好相处。他很好相处。【注】【注】有时形容词后跟有名词，在名词后用作定语有时形容词后跟有名词，在名词后用作定语的不定式用主动形式表示被动意义：的不定式用主动形式表示被动意义：Its a difficult book to read.It is a pleasant thing to remember.在该结构中，不定式动词必须是及物动词，在该结构中，不定式动词必须是及物动词，如果是不及物动词，需加上适当的介词。如果是不及物动词，需加上适当的介词。The chair is comfortable

8、 to sit in.(3)不定式在某些动词不定式在某些动词(如如have,have got,get,want,need等等)的宾语后作定语时，如果不定式的宾语后作定语时，如果不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，则要用主动形式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，则要用主动形式表示被动意义：表示被动意义：I have some letters to write.我有一些信要写。我有一些信要写。I want something to drink.我想喝点什么。我想喝点什么。I want to get something to read.我想找点东西看。我想找点东西看。【注】如果不定式的逻辑主语不是句子【注】如果

9、不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，则应用被动式，比较：的主语，则应用被动式，比较：I have something to type.我有些东西要打我有些东西要打(字字)。(指自己打字指自己打字)I have something to be typed.我有些东西要打我有些东西要打(字字)。(指请人打字指请人打字)(4)不定式用于不定式用于with复合结构时复合结构时，主动表被动，主动表被动例例:With a lot of work to do,he will be busy all day.With many things to buy,he went to the supermarket.（5

10、）be worth后的动名词要用主动表被动。后的动名词要用主动表被动。如：如：In all,the book is worth reading.总之，这本书值得一读。总之，这本书值得一读。This might be worth thinking about.这可能值得考虑。这可能值得考虑。【注】与【注】与worth相似的相似的worthy却不一样，其后却不一样，其后不接动名词而接不定式不接动名词而接不定式(若接动名词则其前应若接动名词则其前应有介词有介词of)，且要用被动式表示被动含义。如：，且要用被动式表示被动含义。如：This book is worthy to be read of be

11、ing read.这本书值得一读。这本书值得一读。三、介词短语用主动表被动的四种情形：三、介词短语用主动表被动的四种情形：“in+名词名词”/“under+名词名词”短语短语/on+名词名词”The new music hall is under construction.Your proposal is under consideration.Is the machine still in action?When was paper money in use in China?The building is on fire.Every article on view will be on s

12、ale.【注】【注】这类表达中的名词前通常没有冠词，且该名词一般都这类表达中的名词前通常没有冠词，且该名词一般都具有动作意义。如具有动作意义。如，under attack，under discussion，under examination，under repair(在修缮中在修缮中)in sight(看得见看得见)，in(good)repair(维修良好的维修良好的)，in store(贮藏贮藏着着)on sale on trial(在试用在试用)，on display(在展出在展出)，on show(在在展出展出)，on exhibition(在展出在展出)等等。有些类似的短语有有些类似的

13、短语有the表被动，无表被动，无the表主动：表主动：in charge of 负责负责 in the charge of 由由负责负责in possession of 拥有拥有 in the possession of 被被拥有拥有1.The factory is in the charge of my brother.2.Mary is in charge of the children.3.A single man in possession of a good fortune,must be in want of a wife.We are in possession of your

14、opinion.4.This car is in the possession of Mr.Smith.In those cases there was often a way to get the 29 baby back.You could 30 the Changeling on the fire-then it would rise up the chimney,and you would hear the sound of fairies laughter and soon after you would find your own child safe and sound nearby.29.A.little B.pale C.sad D.real30.A.seize B.burn C.place D.hold此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢