动词和动词短语讲解和练习课件- 高考英语语法总复习（七）.pptx

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1、第七章、动词和动词短语第七章、动词和动词短语 对动词词组意义的考查是一大热点，在考试题中每年至少都有一题。这种试题的立意是同义、近义或结构近似的词组词义辨析；题干显现出情景化和复杂化的趋势；设问的角度有细微化的倾向。 由于英语中动词的词义丰富，用法灵活，不易掌握。平日学习中，既要增加阅读量，在实际运用中领悟动词的意义和用法，又要集中时间和精力学习一些难掌握的词（组）。无论是一些最常用的基础词汇，还是一些难辨的同义词（组），都要集中突破。动词短语的构成动词短语的构成动词短语是指动词和介词、副词或名词的习惯搭配。(1)动词副词(不及物)Harry turned up after the party

2、 when everyone had left. 哈里在晚会后人们都已离去时才出现。(2) 动词副词(及物)Please turn every light in the house off. 请把房子里的每一盏灯都关掉。如果宾语是人称如果宾语是人称代词代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。，只能放在动词和副词之间。She gave them away. 她把它们送人了。(3)动词介词(及物)Im looking for my glasses.我在找我的眼镜。注意：当它跟宾语时，不能把介词放在宾语后面。动词短语可以放在句子或从句末尾Shes got more work than she can cope

3、 with. 她的工作多得使她应付不了。(4)动词副词介词I look forward to seeing you soon. 我盼望不久就能见到你。注意：“动词介词”、“动词名词副词”、“动词副词介词”，这三种搭配都是及物的，如变成被动语态，不可漏掉介词。In this way both grain and vegetable can be well looked after. (不能漏掉after)这样一来，粮食和蔬菜都能兼顾了。（5）动词 + 名词 + 介词You should make full use of your time.(6) 动词 + 名词Great changes are

4、 taking place in our life. 例题分析例题分析例例1 1He has recently _ tennis to relax himself.A.taken offB.taken upC.put up D.put out【答案】B。【解析】take off “脱下，起飞，成功”，take up“开始学习，开始从事，拿起，接受，占据”，put up“挂起，粘贴，搭建”，put out“熄灭”，故答案选B。句意：他最近开始学习网球，放松自己。【点评】考查短语的辨析。例例2 2For most Americans, the 18 th birthday _the end of

5、one part of the life and the beginning of another. A. predictsB.tellsC.marks D. Signs【答案】C。【解析】predict “预言，预测”；tell“告诉，讲述”；mark“标志”；sign“签名，签署”。句意为“对于大多数美国人，第十八个 标志着生活的一部分的结束和另一部分的开始。”根据句意，故选C。【点评】考查动词的词义辨析。例例3 3Not getting that job was a big let-down.Dont worry. Something better will . A. come alon

6、gB. take onC. go by D. fall behind【答案】A。【解析】come along“出现，一起来”；take on“呈现”；go by“经过”；fall behind“落后”。句意：没得到那份工作真令人失望。别急，（没准）有更好的事情会出现呢。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。例例4 4He had to his fathers business after his death. though he didnt really want to continue it.A. take outB. make upC. set up D. carry on【答案】D。【解析】take

7、 out“带出”；make up“编造”；set up“建立”；carry on“继续”。故选D。句意：在他父亲死后他得继续他父亲的生意，尽管他真的不想继续。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。例例5 5We are at your service. Dont to turn to us if you have any further problems.A. beg B. hesitateC. desire D. seek【答案】B。【解析】beg“祈求”；hesitate“犹豫”；desire“想要”；seek“寻找”。故选B。句意：乐意为您效劳，如果有任何进一步的问题，请不要犹豫向我们求助。【点评】

8、考查动词辨析。例例6 6The press conference, originally due to be held last week, was finally_.A. called off B. set offC. taken off D. turned off【答案】D。【解析】本题中空白处所缺词作主语，引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面说的事，排除B、C，用在句首引导非限制性定语从句用as，which虽然也可引导非限制性定语从句，替代主句之意，但which引导的从句不能放在句首，故选C。句意：经常是这种情况，我们已经制定出了生产计划。【点评】考查as引导非限制性定语从句。例例7 7The

9、 old couple decided to_a boy and a girl thoughthey had three children of their own.A.bring B. receive C.adapt D.adopt【答案】D，【解析】bring“带来”,recelve“收到”,adapt“适应，改编”,adopt“采纳，收养”。句意：这对老夫妇决定收养一个男孩和一个女孩，尽管他们自己已经有三个孩子了。【点评】考查动词的词义辨析。例例8 8He wanted to join the army but was _ because of his poor health.A. tu

10、rned down B. turned off C. turned on D. turned out【答案】A。【解析】turn down“拒绝”；turn off“关闭”；turn on“打开”；turn out“结果是”。分析语境，句意为：他想参军，可是由于他身体不好被拒绝了。故选择A。【点评】本题考查动词短语辨析。例例9 9Tom will be ten years old next month. He is _ his birthday party.A. expecting to B. looking forward toC. coming up with D. making up f

11、or【答案】B。【解析】expect“期望”，为及物动词，后不用加to，look forward to“期盼”,come up with“提出，想出”,make up for“弥补”。句意:下个月汤姆就十岁了。他现在正期盼着他的生日聚会。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。例例1010No matter how much you may dislike advertisements, there is no way to them.A.miss B. meetC. hide D. escape【答案】D。【解析】miss“错过：想念”，meet“遇到”，hide“隐藏”，escape“逃跑，逃脱”， 解

12、析题干，句意为：无论你多么讨厌广告，都没有方法来逃避它们。故答案为 D。 【点评】本题考查动词辨析。例例1111She doesnt rock and roll. She thinks its too noisy.A.go afterB. go away withC.go intoD. go in for【答案】：D。【解析】go after“追求”，go away with“带着逃走”，go into“进入”，go infor“喜欢”句意为：她不喜欢摇滚乐。她认为它太吵了。故答案为 D。 【点评】本题考查动词短语辨析。例例1 12 2She played music so loudly th

13、at it other people in the building.A.visited B. dismissedC. separated D. annoyed【答案】D。【解析】visit“参观，访问”，dismiss“取消，解除”，separate“使分开”， annoy“打搅，使恼怒”。句意为：她演奏音乐如此大声，以至于它打搅了大楼里的其它人。故选择D。【点评】本题考查动词辨析。例例1313If you sing the song several times, your children will begin to the words.A.turn up B. pick up C. sh

14、ow upD. give up【答案】B。【解析】turn up“把声音调大，卷起，出现”；pick up“学会；捡起”；show up“出现”；give up“放弃”句意为：如果你把这首歌唱几遍，你的孩子将开始学会这些歌词。故选择B。 【点评】本题考查动词短语辨析。例例1414Leaving your car unlocked outside is just trouble.A.attracting B.drawing C.resulting D.inviting【答案】D。【解析】attract“吸引”；draw“拉，画”；result“结果”；invite“邀请；引起”句意为：把你的车放

15、在外面不锁，就是在招致麻烦。故答案为D。【点评】本题考查动词辨析。例例1515He wanted to join the army but was because of his poor eyesight.A.turned to B. turned offC. turned out D. turned down【答案】D。【解析】turn to“转向，求助”；turn off“关闭”；turn out“结果是”；turn down“拒 绝”；句意为：他想参军，但是由于视力不好，被拒绝了。故答案为D。 【点评】本题考查动词短语辨析。例例1616It is always better to you

16、r worries and troubles with your friends. This helps lighten your burden.A.tell B. deal C. divide D. share【答案】D。【解析】tell“告诉”；deal“处理”；divide“分开”；share“分享”，share sth with sb“与某人分享某事”结合语境应选D。句意为：和你的朋友分享忧虑和困难总是好的。这能 帮助你减轻你的负担。【点评】本题考查动词辨析。1. As the story ,the truth about the strange figure is slowly di

17、scovered. A. begins B.happens C.ends D.develops2. Born into a family with three brothers, David was to value the sense of sharing. A. brought up B.turned downC.looked afterD.held back3.Are you still mad at her? Not really, but I cant that her remarks hurt me. A. deny B.refuse C.reject D.decline4. Th

18、e school isnt the one I really wanted to go to, but I suppose Ill just have to it.A. make the best ofB.get away fromC.keep an eye on D.catch up with5. She an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store. A. turned down B.dealt with C.took after D.came across6. They are

19、 broadening the bridge to the flow of traffic. A. put off B.speed up C.turn on D.work out7. Its really difficult to what he is trying to express. A. leave out B.break out C.put out D.make out8.He came to my class every week, but his look that he was not really interested.A. expressed B.described C.e

20、xplained D.suggested9. Alice trusts you, only you can her to give up the foolish idea. A. suggest B.attract C.attempt D.persuade10. Considering his health,I advise him to an hour or two each day to relax. A. set about B.set aside C.set up D.set off11. When we finally to get home after the tiring lon

21、g journey, we could hardly move a step further. A. tried B.succeeded C.attemptedD.managed12. Just as the clothes a person wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time, his house his personality. A. resembles B.strengthens C.reflects D.shapes13. Since you are my daughters clas

22、smate, wed like to you tonight.A.put;down B. put; in C.put; off D.put;up14. Its already 10 oclock. I wonder how it that she was two hours late on such a short tripA. came overB.came out C.came about D.came up15. Jane from the company and moved to her hometown to set up her own business. A.returned B

23、.resigned C.escaped D.learned16. It seems that most educators the plan for Advanced Assessment for Admission, which gives rise to a complete reform of College Entrance Exams. A. consist of B. complain of C. approve ofD. dream of17.1 heard that you made a bicycle trip to the 2011 International Hortic

24、ultural Exhibition of Xian alone. No. Actually, my friend Bob me. A. accompanied B. conducted C.instructed D. received18. Online learning is being widely to help adults further their education. A. attended B. adopted C. adapted D. adjusted19. Having walked in the desert for several days, we felt exh

25、austed, but we had to find a pool before the water we had .A. ran out of B. ran away C. ran out D. ran off20. Tom always helps his mother even though going to school most of his day. A. takes up B. takes over C. takes in D. takes on21.What is the meaning of the saying “Whenever you fall, pick someth

26、ing up?” It tells us to hope even when coming across failure; try to learn something valuable from it. A. look for B. call for C. take up D. give up22.Do you know when Britain war on Germany during the Second World War? In 1939, I suppose. A. announcedB. declared C. fought D. attended23.The governme

27、nt has taken measures to the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable. A.take down B.bring down C.hand down D. tear down24. Scientists hope to soon in their search for a cure for this type of cancer. A. break up B. break through C. break out D. break away from25.After walking in the Vill

28、age of Youth Olympic Games for a whole day, my legs under me and I couldnt walk any farther. A. gave up B. gave outC. gave in D. gave away26. The secretary has a lot of things to in the office since she has been away for quite a few days. A. take up B. make up C. work out D. carry out27. Nowadays th

29、ere are still a number of students school at various grades due to a lack of money in some poorer areas. A. leaving out B. making out C. letting outD. dropping out28. The color of the shirt does not that of the tie.A. fit B. match C. suit D. reach29. She a smile when she heard her family went to Ita

30、ly without her. A. managed B. wore C. performed D. controlled30. My fathers idea of having weekly family meals together, at first, which seemed difficult, has many good changes in our lives.A.got through B.resulted fromC.turned into D. brought about31. As we all know, it is always better to your wor

31、ries and troubles with your trusted friend or relative. It actually helps lighten your burden. A. tell B. deal C. divide D. share32. My wife and I decided to hold a family party this weekend to our parents silver wedding.A. congratulate B. memorize C. celebrateD. welcome33. In fact, difficulties and

32、 hardships have the best character of the young man. A. brought in B. brought upC. brought out D. brought about34. My elder brother, the eldest of the four children, had to out of middle school at the age of 16 to help my parents work in the fields. A. leave B. drop C. fall D. go35. It how long the shock that explosions hit Oslo will stay in peoples hearts. A. abandons B. considersC. matters D. minds答案答案1-5DAAAD 6-10BDDDB 11-15 DCDCB 16-20 CABCA 21-25ABBBB 26-30BDBAD31-35DCCBC