2220中考英语复习课本知识整理-八年级下Unit-22.doc

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1、20222022 中考英语复习课本知识整理八年级下中考英语复习课本知识整理八年级下 UnitUnit 1010ItsIts a a nicenice day,day,isntisnt itit【知识梳理】【知识梳理】I.重点短语look through浏览get along相信at least少be careful小心；留神hate doing sth.讨厌做某事tell sb.about sth.告诉某人关于某事II.重要句型1.Its a nice day，isnt it?2.What a nice day，isntit?3.It looks like rain，doesnt?4.I ho

2、pe so/not.5.So do I.III.交际用语询问天气IV.重要语法反意疑问句【课文解析课文解析】1.last持续，为延续性动词，可与一段时间及 How long 连用如：America Civil War lasted for four years.美国内战持续了四年。Our holidays lasted for ten days.我们休了十天假。2.always频度副词，意思是：永远，一直，总是(1)always，usually，often，sometimes，hardly ever 和 never 是频度副词，与疑问词 how often对应。它在句中位于实义动词之前，情态动

3、词(may，can，would，could 等)、助动词(do，did，does，have，had 等)、连系动词(be)之后。He is always wearing that blue shirt.他总是穿着那件蓝色的衬衣。I always think of her in that dress.我总是想起她穿着那件连衣裙的样子。(2)always 与进行时连用，常带有感情色彩。The boy is always telling lies.这孩子总是说谎。(表示生气)He is always talking to his father like that他老是那样和他父亲说话。(表示不满)3

4、.alone(1)alone 形容词，意为“单独的；独一无二的，只可作表语。I am not alone in this opinion.不只是我一个有这想法。(2)alone 也可作副词，意为“单独，单独。He alone knows the secret.只有他一人知道秘密。She lived alone.她独居。The key alone will open the door.只有这把钥匙能开这个门。He did it all alone.这事是他一个人干的。4cross(1)cross 作动词，意为“横渡，渡过；越过。They crossed the road.他们过了马路。(2)cr

5、oss 作动词时，还可表示“交叉，相交；错过。例如：We crossed each other on the way.我们在途中错过了。(3)近义词：pass 穿过5.along(1)along 作副词(与动词连用)，意为“往前，向前Let us walk along.让我们往前走。(2)along 作副词时，还可表示“共同，一起。例如：I took my brother along.我带着弟弟。(3)along 还可作介词，意为“沿着。例如：We walked along the river.我们沿着河走。6.feel like 表示“感觉是，似乎Whats this in my pocke

6、t?It feels like a nut.什么东西在我口袋里？摸上去像是个坚果。feel like 后可接 doing sth，表示“喜欢(愿意)做某事。I feel like staying at home to the weekends.我喜欢周末待在家里。7.enjoy 是带有欣赏性质的“喜欢，喜爱，且含“享受之意。例如：I think everyone enjoyed your wonderful party我想所有的人都非常欣赏你们的精彩晚会。enjoy doing 表示“喜欢，乐意做某事，指从某件事中享受到乐趣。例如：I enjoy listening to music.我很喜欢

7、听音乐。8.be good at 表示“擅长，在方面做得好，at 后面跟名词、代词或动名词。He is good at swimming.他擅长游泳。What subjects are you good at?你擅长哪些科目？She is good at math.她擅长数学。He is good at singing.他擅长唱歌。近义词组：do well in，更强调一次性做得好。You did well in the Chinese exam.你这次语文考试考得好。9.clean 表示“清扫，及物动词，还有形容词词性。(1)clean 作动词，意为“清扫，弄干净。The students

8、are cleaning the classroom.学生们在清扫教室。(2)clean 还可作形容词，意为“干净的，其反义词为 dirty。Please keep the classroom clean and tidy.请保持教室干净整齐。【重难点分析】1.He sure is!他确实很好！(1)此处 sure 是副词，意为“确实，一定。It sure was a cold day.确实是个冷天。(2)口语中可以单独使用，表示“同意。Are you going?你去吗？Sure.当然啦。(3)sure 还常用作表语。其用法如下：be sure of 表示“对有把握，肯定。Im sure o

9、f his coming.我确信他能来。be sure that 表示“确定，确信。Im sure that he will come.我确信他能来。2.It looks like rain，doesnt it?看起来要下雨了，不是吗？(1)it 作代词，在本句中指“天气，it 还可指“时间，距离。例如：Its a fine day today.今天天气很好。Its seven oclock.现在 7 点了。Its two kilometers away from my home to school.从我家到学校有 2 千米远。(2)本句中 look 作系动词，后可接形容词、名词。She lo

10、oks very sad.她看上去很伤心。You look very happy today.今天你看上去很快乐。3.Do you think itll stop by noon?你认为到中午雨会停吗？(1)think 后引导的是一个宾语从句，用陈述句语序。Do you think she can carry the box?你认为她能搬动这个箱子吗？(2)by 表示时间，指“在前，不迟于，到时(为止)，相当于 before。Can you finish your work by 6 pm?下午 6 点前你们能完成工作吗？By the time we got there，the bus had

11、 already gone.当我们到达那儿时，公共汽车已经走了。by 也可以表示方法、手段，意为“同，靠，用，通过。by phone用by bus乘公共汽车by 还可以表示位置，意为“在旁，靠近相当于 beside，near 等。I sit by the window.我坐在窗子旁。4.I hope the bus comes soon.我希望公共汽车很快就来。(1)soon 表示“不久，很快，指的是时间上的“快。I want to get your letter soon.我想尽快收到你的来信。The winter comes soon.冬天马上就要来了。(2)hope 意为“希望，表示的是

12、“有把握、有信心实现某一愿望，它后面常接动词不定式或从句作宾语。I hope to hear from you soon.我希望不久收到你的来信。I hope it will be fine tomorrow.我希望明天是好天气。5.Thank you so much for inviting me.非常感谢你邀请我。(1)这是对别人提出邀请的礼貌答语。thanks for 后接名词或动名词形式，用 for 引起要表示致谢的原因，表示“因为而感谢你。表示感谢最简单最常用的方式是说 Thank you 或 Thanks(这是更随便的说法)。Thank you for telling me.谢谢你

13、告诉我。Thank you for a delicious lunch.谢谢你的美味午餐。Thank you for giving me so much help.谢谢你给了我如此多的帮助。Thanks for your help.谢谢你的帮助。(2)invite 作及物动词，后常跟“人，也常与 to 连用，表示“邀请某人去。She invited us to her party.她邀请我们参加她的聚会。如果你当面邀请人，不可用 invite，需用 would you like 来表达。例如：Would you like to come to the party?你们愿意来参加聚会吗？6.Im

14、 going to ask my cousin，Tommy，to go with me.我打算要我的表兄汤米和我一起去。(1)Tommy 在本句中作 my cousin 的同位语，是对 my cousin 的补充说明。My sister，Jane，is a student.我妹妹，简，是一名学生。(2)to go 在这里是 ask 的宾语补足语，即 ask sb to do sth，表示“要求某人做某事。例如：My boss asked me to finish the work before six oclock.老板要求我在下午 6 点前完成这项工作。He always asks me t

15、o help him with his homework.他经常让我帮助他做作业。(3)本句中 with 是指“和某人在一起，后常跟名词或代词作宾语，其后假设跟人称代词时，要用宾格形式。I am going to the park with my mother.=My mother and I are going to the park.我打算和妈妈一起去公园。I spend a good time with my students.我和学生们共度美好时光。7.He said hed help me with my math project他说他将帮助我做数学作业。(1)这是一个含有宾语从句的

16、主从复合句，宾语从句为过去将来时。不管是什么人称后，这个时态均由“would+动词原形构成，这个时态常常用在宾语从句中，特别是用于宾语从句中，其主语应是一般过去时。I knew you would agree.我知道你会同意的。I said l would arrange everything.我说我要安排一切。He told me he would wait for me outside.他告诉我他将在外边等我。I asked if he would come and mend my television set.我问他可否来修我的电视机。(2)help sb.with sth.是固定搭配。

17、May I help you with your luggage?我帮你拿行李好吗?Let me help you off with your coat.我来帮你脱上衣。Please help me up with this heavy box.请帮我把这个大箱子抬上去。(3)句中 project 意为“作业。In their geography class，the children are doing a special project on North AmericanIndians.在地理课上，孩子们正在做一个有关北美印第安人的特别作业。I did my physics project

18、with my classmates in my house yesterday evening.昨天晚上我与我班的同学在我家做家庭作业。8.Paul and I are good friends.We get along well because we both like sports.我和保罗是好朋友，我们相处得很好，因为我们俩都喜欢运动。(1)both 表示“(两者)都，在句中常用在系/助/情态动词之后，行为动词之前。We are both tall.我们俩都很高。They are both boys.他们俩都是男孩。We both have short hair我们俩都留短发。They

19、 both go to this school.他们俩都在这所学校读书。My parents both like hiking.我父母都喜欢远足。(2)both 常与 and 连用，意为“不但而且；既又，用于连接两个并列成分。假设连接两个主语时，谓语动词须用复数形式。Both New York and London have traffic problems.纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。The secretary both speaks and writes Spanish这位秘书不但能说而且能写西班牙语。Both teaching and research work are making gr

20、eat strides.教学与科研都在大踏步前进。(3)get along 也可写作 get on，表示“相处。例如：Do you get along well with your parents?你和父母相处得好吗？Lily gets along well with Lucy.莉莉和露西相处得很好。How do you get along with your classmates?你和同学们相处得怎么样？【词语辨析】1.时间介词 in，on，atin(1)表示在较长的时间里(如周月份季节年份世纪等)。如：in a week；in May；in springsummerautumnwinter

21、；in 2022；in the 1990s对于动词的主语是“借出那么用 lend，其句型为“lendto如：I can lend my bike to you，but you mustnt lend it to others.我可以把我的自行车借给你，但你一定不要把它借给别人。如果所借的东西要保存一段时间，用 keep。如：“How long can I keep the book?“Twoweeks.“这本书我可以借多久？“两个星期。3.hope 与 wish 均可表示“希望，想，均可用 to do 不定式作宾语，不可用 doing。其不同之处在于：(1)“wish+宾语+to do还可表示

22、“命令；hope 不能这样用。例如：I wish you to go.我要你去。(2)hope 后不能直接跟名词作宾语，但能跟“for+名词，表示可能实现的“希望；wish 虽也能跟“for+名词，但表示难以实现的“愿望。例如：I hope for success.我希望成功。(可能性很大)I wish for a car.我很想得到小汽车。(难以实现的愿望)(3)hope 和 wish 都可跟 that 从句，但“hope+that 从句表示“希望；“wish+that 从句表Twice a year.一年两次。How often do you see a film?你多长时间看一次电影？O

23、nce a month.每月一次。Do you know how often Lily visit her grandparents?你知道莉莉多长时间去看一次她的爷爷奶奶吗？Once a week.一周一次。(2)long 表示物体的长度或时间的长度。how long 表示“多长或“多久，多长时间之意。How long can you stay at home during summer holiday?暑假你能在家待多久？More than two months.大约两个月。How long is this river?这条河有多长？(指长度)Its about 2658 kilomete

24、rs.大约 2658 公里。(3)how soon 通常表示一般将来时，意为“再等多长时间？“多长时间才？，是对“in+时间段(in ten minutes/two hours/a week)提问。Can you tell me how soon you can be ready?你能告诉我你多久能准备好吗？(4)How much is/are?多少钱？假设询问某一商品多少钱时，一般用 How much is/are?这一句型，商品是单数或不可数名词时用 is，商品是复数时用 are。How much is that sweater?那件毛衣多少钱？Two hundred and ten yu

25、an.210 元。How much are the bananas?这些香蕉多少钱？They are twenty-five yuan.25 元。询问商品的价格，还有以下几种问法：How much，please?请问多少钱？How much do you want for it?这些东西你要多少钱？How much do you say it is?你说要多少钱？6.across，through 与 cross都有“穿过，通过之意。across 和 through 是介词，cross 是动词。(1)cross 相当于“动词+across，常用于指“横穿。Be careful when you

26、cross the road.=Be careful when you go across the road.当你横穿马路时一定要小心。(2)across 指从物体的一侧到另一侧或从某个范围的一边到另一边。它和 on 有关，表示从“面上穿过。Can you swim across the river?你能游过这条河吗？(3)though 指“从中通过，着重指从空间的一头纵穿到另一头，含义与 in 有关。It took him one hour to walk through the forest.他花费了一个小时的时间穿过那片森林。语法讲解1.反意疑问句的结构：陈述句+简短疑问局部。2.反意疑

27、问句的用法1 一般陈述句变反意疑问句的原那么是：前肯定后否认，前否认后肯定。即当陈述句局部是肯定式时，疑问局部用否认式；当陈述句局部是否认式时，疑问局部那么用肯定式。如：It is a nice day,isnt it?He isnt a teacher,is he?2当陈述句局部有否认词 little,few,no,never,nobody,nothing,hardly,seldom，neither等时，后面的疑问局部用肯定式。如：He never goes to school late,does he?She can hardly swim,can she?3祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问局部用

28、 will you.如：Turn on the light please,will you?Dont open the window,will you?4Lets 开头的反意疑问句，疑问局部用 shall we，Let us 开头的用 will you。如：Lets play soccer,shall we?Let us have a rest,will you?5如果陈述句局部的主语是不定代词 nothing，something，everything 时,疑问局部的主语用 it；如果陈述句局部的主语是不定代词 everyone，nobody，somebody，someone 时，疑问局部的主

29、语用they 或 it。如：Nothing is too difficult for me,is it?No one knows me,do they?【典型例题解析典型例题解析】例例 1 1You had a good time during the May Day holiday.，_you?A.hadB.hadntC.haveD.haventAatB sinceCforDin3Thanks for _ to my new house yesterdayAto comeBcomingCcameDcome4What about _?Thats not _Anecklace；enough cr

30、eativeBnecklaces；enough creativeCa necklace；creative enoughDa necklace；enough creative5Would you mind _ out of the bathroom?AgetBto getCgotDgetting6There _ a talk about education in our school library next weekAwill beBwill haveCwould beDwould have7Her cousin has been to Qingdao，_?Ahas sheBis sheCis

31、nt sheDhasnt she8Dont worryI can _ your pet parrot when you go outAget along withBsay sorryCturn downDtake care ofAwill youBdo youCdont youDshall you二、完形填空A man is sitting in the doctors officeHe was telling the doctor about his1“I like football，doctor，he said“Please help meMy life has2been a goodon

32、e since I became3in football and it is getting worse and worseI cant even4well at nightWhen I close my5，Im out there in the football field6after aflying ballwhen I wake up，Im more7than I was when I went to bedWhat am I goingto do?The doctor sat back and said，“First of all，you8to do your best not to

33、dreamabout football Before you are falling asleep，try to9about something elseTry tothink that you are at a party and someone is going to give you several million dollars“Are you crazy?the man shouted，“Ill10the ball！1AproblemBfamilyCsportDjourney2AalwaysBalreadyC.neverDoften3A.interestedBcarefulCdeep

34、Dstrong4AworkBplayCdoDsleep5AdoorsBwindowsCbooksDeyes6AlookingBplayingCrunningDwaiting7AworriedBtiredCsurprisedDpleased8AwantBhopeChaveDdecide9AhearBwriteCtalkDthink10AmissBplayCcatchDpass三、阅读理解AMary，a young woman，had a little white sheep She loved it very muchIn the daytimeshe tied it to a tree to

35、let it eat grass in the fields and in the evening she went to takeit back homeOne evening she found someone had cut the rope(绳子)and the sheep was no longer inthe fieldsWhen her husband came back from work，she told him what had happenedAt onceher husband started to lookfor the sheepHe went around the

36、 small village，but the sheepcouldnt be foundThe next day Marys husband heard that one.of his neiqghbours(邻居)，Alec，had boughta sheep“Perhaps Alec has stolen(偷)our sheep，he said to himself.But when he gotto Alecs house，he found be had made a mistake.In front of Alecs house there was ablack sheepAt tha

37、t time it started to rainHe had to stay in Alecs houseWhen he cameoutside after the rain stopped，he was surprised to findthat the white sheep was standingbefore himAlec had dyed(染)its wool black Now it had been washed clean by the rain根据短文内容，判断正(T)误(F)1Mary loved the white sheep，so she tied it to th

38、e tree behind her house()2She let the sheep eat grass in the fields from morning to evening()3Mary knew where the sheep was()4After Marys husband came home，she asked him if he knew where the sheep was()5Mary and her husband found the sheep in the village that day()6The next day one neighbour told Ma

39、rys husband that Alec had stolen the sheep()7When Marys husband arrived at Alees house he saw a black sheep()8After the rain the black sheep became white()9The rain helped him to find the sheep()10He had to stay in Alecs house because it wasraining()BDo you know Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng?FeiJunlo

40、ngwas born in 1965He is a Chinese astronautselected(选拔)as a member of the Shenzhou programHe wasborninJiangsu and joined the Peoples Liberation ArmyAir Force(中国人民解放军空军)in 1982 at the age of 17And since then he has only returned homesix timesAs a fighter pilot(战机飞行员)，he was selected to be an astronau

41、t in 1998 Hemarried Wang Jie in 1991 and has one sonNie Haisheng was born in September 1964He is also a Chinese astronaut selected fortheShenzhouprogramHe is from HubeiAfter graduating from high school he joined thePeoples Liberation Army Air Force，and became a fighter pilotIn 1998 he was selectedfo

42、r the astronaut programHe was one of the three astronauts who were in the final group to train for theShenzhou5 flightYang Liwei was also picked out for the flight，with Zhai ZhigangOn September 23，2022 it was reported that Zhai and Nie would be one of the three pairsof astronauts who would be in the

43、 final training forShenzhou6But in the end，Fei andNie were chosen，and Zhai missed his chance to space againNie Haisheng got married to Nie Jielin and has an 11-year-old daughter11When did Nie join the army?AIn 1982BIn 1998CIn 1991DAfter his graduation from high school12Who among the astronauts in th

44、is passage hasnt been to space?AZhai ZhigangBNie HaishengCYang LiweiDFei Junlong13How many times has Fei Junlong returned home since he left at the age of 17?AThree timesBFour timesCSix timesDEight times14How many people did the writer mention in this passage?A5B6C7D815Which of the followings is TRU

45、E according to this passage?AYang Liwei was born in JiangsuBNie Haisheug has an eleven-year-old daughterCFei Junlong is one year older than Nie HaishengDZhai Zhigang got married to Nie Jielin and has a son四、词汇A根据汉语及首字母提示补全单词1Our teacher gave us some _(建议)2They s_ 80yuanon the coat3Its going to rainY

46、oud better take all u_ with you4I have collected three hundred _(邮票)5My English teacher said my _(听力)was very good6There is a _(公司)near my house7The o_ of“out is“in8This is the r_ of Units 6109Last year I _(买)the computer in Japan10Britain is a E_ countryB用所给单词的适当形式填空11He has been _(swim)for ten yea

47、rs12Some _ are _(visit)the Great Wall now13He didnt finish _(write)his test because he ran out of time14There are lots of boys _(play)football over there15_(make)a meal at home is very interesting and full of fun16She told me _(read)more books when I had time17Where is Mr Green?He _(go)to New York18

48、I think its better for animals to live in _(nature)environment19Youll fail in the exam if you _(not work)harder20In the western part of China its often _(sand)2现在我觉得像这个团体中的一员了。I feel like _ _the group now3他们确实对我很友好。They were really _ _ me4我不认识一些女孩子。I didnt _ _ of the girls5周日晚上我玩得非常愉快。I _ _ _ _ on S

49、unday night6很遗憾，你和你爸爸不能去。Im sorry you and your father _ _7但是我真的很快乐有这张票。But Im really _ _ _ the ticket8我看到他们赢得比赛时我会想到你的。Ill _ _ you as I watch them win the game_B根据下面所提供的信息写一封感谢信。假设你叫王婷，曾在英语角结识一位美国教师 Mr Brown。由于他的帮助，你的英语提高很快。你写信向他表示感谢，并希望保持联系，继续获得他的帮助。词数：80 左右。_参考答案参考答案10A提示：得那么多钱，发财了，一冲动，把球“错过了。三、1F

50、提示：文中未提及拴在房后。2T提示：由第一段知。3F提示：她不知道。4F提示：她告诉了丈夫发生的事。5F提示：他们当天没找到。6F提示：文中没有这样的内容。710T T T T1lD提示：由第二段的第四句知。12A提示：宇航员翟志刚没有到过太空。13C提示：费俊龙从 17 岁参军以来仅回家 6 次。14D提示：本文提到的人物有：Fei Junlong，Nie Haisheng 以及他们的妻子、孩子，再加上 ZhaiZhigang 与 Yang Liwei，共 8 个人。15B提示：聂海胜有一个 11 岁的女儿，与本文内容相符。四、1suggestions2spent3umbrella4stam