古希腊神话英文介绍.pptx

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1、 Greek Mythology is a group of traditional tales told by the ancient Greeks about the deeds of gods,heroes and their relations with human beings.希腊神话讲了很多古希腊的故事，有神、英雄的故事以及他们和普通人类之间的关系。The Greek mythology is an important part of the ancient culture which has vast and deep influence on the whole wester

2、n culture.希腊神话是古文化重要的一部分，与整个西方文化有着广泛而又紧密的联系。Its great influence upon the English language and literature is beyond description.A great number of words and idioms in the English laguage come from the Greek mythology.它在英语和文学作品方面的巨大影响力是无法形容的。英语中的很多单词和语言表达方式都是来自希腊神话。第1页/共46页GodsGodsGodsGods the old theo

3、gony:the Tians（旧神谱旧神谱:奥林匹斯十二泰坦奥林匹斯十二泰坦）the new theogony:the Gods（新神谱奥林匹斯十二主神新神谱奥林匹斯十二主神）HeroesHeroesHeroesHeroesPerseus(珀尔修斯珀尔修斯)Jason(伊阿宋伊阿宋)Heracles(赫拉克勒斯赫拉克勒斯)Theseus(忒修斯忒修斯)MonstersMonstersMonstersMonstersMedusa(美杜莎美杜莎)Minotaurus(米诺陶洛斯米诺陶洛斯)Cerberus(刻耳柏洛斯刻耳柏洛斯)PART1：The Olympian Gods and other D

4、eitiesPART2：HeroesPART3：Monsters第2页/共46页PART1：The Olympian Gods and other Deities1、the Gods2、other Deities第3页/共46页 The ancient Greeks worshiped many gods.Greek gods can be divided into several groups.The earliest group was Titans,led by Cronus.The most powerful group was the Olympians.The Olympians

5、are a group of gods who ruled after the overthrow of the Titans.All the Olympians are related in some way.They are named after their dwelling（住宅住宅,住所住所）place Mount Olympus.古希腊崇拜很多神,古希腊的神被分为几组,最古老一组的被称为泰坦 ,由克罗诺斯领导。最强大的一组被称为奥林匹斯山神。奥林匹斯山神由个神组成 ，他们颠覆了泰坦时期的规律。所有的奥林匹斯山神在某个方面都有着或多或少的联系。他们的名字来自于他们居住的奥林匹斯山。第

6、4页/共46页the Gods（十二主神十二主神）Zeus(宙斯):the god of the sky.Hera(赫拉):the goddess of marriage and childbirth.Poseidon(波塞冬):the god of the sea,protector.Hades(哈迪斯):the god the dead and wealth.Hestia(赫斯提亚):the goddess of the Hearth(灶台).Ares(阿瑞斯):the god of war.Hermes(赫尔墨斯):the god of thieves and commerce.Heph

7、aestus(赫斯菲托斯):the god of fire and the forge(熔炉).Apollo(阿波罗):the god of light.Artemis(阿尔忒弥斯):the goddess of chastity,virginity,the hunt,the moon,and the natural environment.Athena(雅典娜):the Greek virgin goddess of reason,intelligent activity,arts and literature.Aphrodite(阿弗洛狄德):the goddess of love,des

8、ire and beauty.第5页/共46页 King of the sky and the earth.Ruler of the Olympian gods.He was the rain god,and the cloud gatherer,who holdsthe terrible thunderbolt.His bird is the eagle,his tree is the oak.Zeus 宙斯宙斯第6页/共46页 He is married to Hera but,is famous for his many affairs.He is also known to punis

9、h those that lie or break oaths.第7页/共46页 Zeus wife and sister.Queen of the gods.Goddess of marriage and childbirth and takes special care of married women.Hera 赫拉赫拉第8页/共46页 Most stories concerning Hera have to do with her jealous revenge for Zeuss infidelities（不忠不忠）.第9页/共46页 Brother of Zeus.God of t

10、he sea,Protector of all waters.His weapon is atrident (三叉戟三叉戟),Which can shake the earth,and shatter Any object.Poseidon波塞冬波塞冬He is second only to Zeus in power amongst the gods.第10页/共46页He was widely worshiped by seamen.第11页/共46页 Brother of Zeus.God of the dead.Ruler of the underworld.God of wealth

11、,due to the precious metals minedfrom the earth.Hades 哈迪斯哈迪斯第12页/共46页He has a helmet that makes him invisable.He rarely leaves the underworld.第13页/共46页 Zeus sister.Goddess of the hearth（灶灶台台）.The symbol of the housearound which a new born childis carried before it is received into the family.Hestia

12、赫斯提亚赫斯提亚第14页/共46页 Of all the Olympians,she is the mildest,most upright and most charitable（仁慈的）.第15页/共46页 Son of Zeus and Hera.God of war.He is considered murderous（行凶的行凶的）and bloodstained（血污的血污的）but also a coward.He was disliked by both parents.Ares 阿瑞斯阿瑞斯第16页/共46页 He was the one god who ever had t

13、o submit to the power of his inferiors.At one time lack of tact and good judgment led to his shame.He was fighting with two giants,and finding himself no match for the two monstrous creatures,laid down his arms and was imprisoned in chains.He was set free in the end by the artful Hermes,but not befo

14、re he had suffered all the humiliations.(耻耻辱）辱）第17页/共46页Ares:All that you have,is dead!阿瑞斯：“你所拥有的，只有死亡！”第18页/共46页 Son of Zeus.God of commerce.（商业商业）Messenger for all the other gods.Guide for the dead to go to the underworld.Hermes 赫尔墨斯赫尔墨斯第19页/共46页 He was the cleverest of theOlympian gods.He is the

15、fastest of the gods.He wears winged sandals,a winged hat,and carries a magic wand（棒棒）.他是奥林匹斯山上最聪明的神。他是速度最快的神，他脚生双翼，头上戴有翅膀的帽子，手里拿着魔杖。第20页/共46页 Son of Zeus and Hera.God of fireHephaestus赫菲斯托斯赫菲斯托斯 He is the smith and armorer(兵器制造者兵器制造者）of the gods.第21页/共46页 He is kind and peace loving.He is kind and p

16、eace loving.He is the only god to be lame(He is the only god to be lame(瘸瘸的的,跛的跛的)and physically ugly.and physically ugly.However,he married the most However,he married the most beautiful goddess-Aphrodite(beautiful goddess-Aphrodite(阿弗洛狄阿弗洛狄德德)第22页/共46页 Son of Zeus.God of sun.God of healing who tau

17、ghtman medicine.God of truth,who can not speak a lie.Apollo 阿波罗阿波罗 The archer,far shooting with a silver bow(弓箭弓箭).第23页/共46页 He wore a purple robe.He usually sat in his bright eastern palace early in the morning and made ready to start his daily journey across the sky.第24页/共46页 One of Apollos more i

18、mportant daily tasks is to harness his chariot（二轮战车二轮战车）with four horses and drive the sun across the sky.During the day he drove his carriage of gold and ivory,and brought light,life and love to the great world below.Late in the afternoon he came to the end of his journey in the far western sea and

19、 got onhis golden boat to return to his eastern home.第25页/共46页 Daughter of Zeus.Her twin brother is Apollo.Goddess of the hunt,themoon,chastity,virginity,and the natural environment.She is the protector of the young women.Artemis 阿尔忒弥斯阿尔忒弥斯第26页/共46页She is the master of wild animal.She is a good arch

20、er,the crescent moon is her bow.第27页/共46页 Daughter of Zeus.Goddess of wisdom，victory and war.She sprang full grown In armour（盔甲盔甲）from hisfatherS S forehead thus has no mother.Athena 雅典娜雅典娜第28页/共46页She is the goddess of the city,handicrafts,and agriculture.She invented the bridle（缰绳缰绳）,the trumpet,t

21、he flute,the pot,the yoke,the ship,and the chariot.She is the embodiment（化身化身）of wisdom,reason,and purity.第29页/共46页 She was Zeuss favorite child and was allowed to usehis weapons including his thunderbolt.Her favorite city is Athens.Her tree is the olive.The owl is her bird.第30页/共46页 She is fierce a

22、nd brave in battle,but only wars to defined the state and home from outsideenemies.第31页/共46页 Goddess of love，desire and beauty.She represented sex,affection,and the attraction that binds people together.Aphrodite 阿弗洛狄德阿弗洛狄德第32页/共46页 In addition to her natural gifts,she has a magical girdle that comp

23、els（迫使迫使）anyone she wishes to desire her.Her tree is myrtle(桃金娘桃金娘；爱爱神木神木).Dove(白鸽白鸽)is her bird.第33页/共46页Prometheus（普罗米修斯普罗米修斯）Creator of mankind.Creator of mankind.人类的创造者Mans protector and benefactorMans protector and benefactor.人类的保护者和拯救者。He shaped man out of mud.He shaped man out of mud.他用泥捏成人形，

24、创造了人类。He stole fire for mankind,with the result He stole fire for mankind,with the result that he was punished form Zeus.He was that he was punished form Zeus.He was chained to Mount Caucasus,and every morning chained to Mount Caucasus,and every morning an eagle would appeared and ate his liver,an e

25、agle would appeared and ate his liver,which grow back at night.which grow back at night.他为人类偷了圣火，所以被宙斯惩罚。他被绑在高加索山，每天早晨都会有鹰来吃他的肝脏，肝脏会在晚上又长出来。第34页/共46页PART2：Heroes Greek heroes were almost as important as Greek heroes were almost as important as thethe godsgods inin Greek mythology.Greek mythology.Her

26、oes wereHeroes were bigger,bigger,braver,braver,andand moremore beautiful than beautiful than ordinary men and women.ordinary men and women.InIn mostmost casescases t theirheir fathers or grandfathers werefathers or grandfathers were gods,gods,butbut theirtheir mothermother werewere mortals,mortals,

27、so so they they were often called demigodswere often called demigods (half-gods).(half-gods).在希腊神话中，希腊英雄和希腊神同样重要。英雄们比普通的人类更强大、更勇敢。他们中大部分人的父亲或者祖父是神，但他们的母亲是普通人，所以他们经常也被称为“半神人”。第35页/共46页Perseus(珀尔修斯珀尔修斯)The son of Zeus.Got the help form Athena and Hermes,he killed the Gorgon(蛇发女妖蛇发女妖)Medusa.He fixed hi

28、s eyes on Medusas reflection in the polished(光滑的光滑的)surface of his shield(盾盾)and then cut off her head.第36页/共46页Jason(伊阿宋伊阿宋)Leader of the Argonauts in the quest for the Golden Fleece(金羊毛金羊毛).寻找金羊毛时阿尔戈号的领导者寻找金羊毛时阿尔戈号的领导者。第37页/共46页Heracles(赫拉克勒斯赫拉克勒斯)The last earthborn son of Zeus.A hero The last ear

29、thborn son of Zeus.A hero of extraordinary(of extraordinary(非凡的)strength who)strength who won immortality by performing 12 labors won immortality by performing 12 labors demanded by Hera.He killed the menacing demanded by Hera.He killed the menacing(险恶的)Nemean Lion,overcame the nine-)Nemean Lion,ove

30、rcame the nine-headed snake(headed snake(九头蛇),got the from the),got the from the golden-apple tree,and brought the golden-apple tree,and brought the three-headed watchdog of the Underworld,three-headed watchdog of the Underworld,Cerberus,to the surface without using Cerberus,to the surface without u

31、sing any weapons.any weapons.第38页/共46页Theseus(忒修斯忒修斯)The son of Poseidon.While having all the qualities of a traditional hero,such as strength and courage,he was also intelligent and wise.He killed Minotaurus(米米诺陶洛斯诺陶洛斯)to whom quite a lot of young people had fallen prey(捕食捕食).第39页/共46页PART3：Monster

32、sMedusa(美杜莎美杜莎):蛇发女妖蛇发女妖。Cerberus(刻耳柏洛斯刻耳柏洛斯):三头巨犬三头巨犬。把守冥府的大把守冥府的大门门。Minotaurus(米诺陶洛斯米诺陶洛斯):牛头怪牛头怪。Hydra(许德拉许德拉):九头蛇九头蛇。第40页/共46页Medusa(美杜莎美杜莎)A gorgon,who turned into stone anyone be holding her.第41页/共46页Cerberus(刻耳柏洛斯刻耳柏洛斯)three-headed watchdog第42页/共46页Minotaurus(米诺陶洛斯米诺陶洛斯)第43页/共46页Hydra(许德拉许德拉)nine-headedsnake第44页/共46页Thats all!第45页/共46页感谢您的观看！第46页/共46页