动词ing的用法总结.pptx

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1、现在分词与动名词的基本形式你知道吗？那么简单，谁不知道。是由动词末尾加-ing 形式构成，因此又叫动词的-ing 形式。V+-ing第1页/共29页The ing form构成：1.一般情况 rain-2.以e结尾的动词 hope-3.重读闭音节的动词 stop-4.以ie结尾的动词 die-lie-tie-raininghopingstoppingdyinglyingtying第2页/共29页千万要注意千万要注意V-ingV-ing形式的规则哟！形式的规则哟！不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语。还有时态和语态的变化。第3页/共29页归纳总结：动词-ing是_中的一种，

2、单独使用时，能在句中做除_之外的任何其他句子成分。如：主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾补等。在语态上，动词-ing表示_（主动/被动的动作。在时间上，动词-ing一般表示_（正在进行/已经完成）的动作。动词非谓语形式动词非谓语形式谓语谓语主动主动正在进行正在进行第4页/共29页时 态 和 语 态 类 别 及及 物物动动 词词形式主主 动动被被 动动一般式 doing being done 完成式 having donehaving been done第5页/共29页一般式与完成式的时间意义 1.Looking carefully at the ground,I made my way to t

3、he edge of the crater.2.Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already,I didnt take much notice.ing形式的完成式所表示的时间在谓语动形式的完成式所表示的时间在谓语动词之前词之前 ing形式的一般式所表示的时间与谓语动形式的一般式所表示的时间与谓语动词无明显的先后顺序词无明显的先后顺序第6页/共29页作主语：动名词作主语：动名词Teaching is my full-time job.Writing an English composition is not easy.I

4、ts useless taking this kind of medicine.第7页/共29页归纳：常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：It+be+a waste of time doing 做是浪费时间的It is/was no good/use doing 做是没益/用处的It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做不值得It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做是值得的There is no doing 无法，不允许第8页/共29页There is no sense in doing 做、没有道理There is/was no u

5、se doing 干、无意义 There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比、更糟的There is/was no point doing 干、无意义我们不知道要去哪儿。There was no knowing where we would go.做这件傻事毫无意义。There is no point doing such a silly thing.第9页/共29页和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。It is useless trying to argue with Shylock这事值得去做。Its worth making the effort若要人不知，除

6、非己莫为。There is no hiding of evil but not to do it这种事开不得玩笑。Here is no joking about such matter.第10页/共29页作表语作表语（1 1）动名词）动名词My job is teaching.=Teaching is my job.Her full-time job is laying eggs.=Laying eggs is her full-time job.（2 2）现在分词）现在分词The play is exciting.Exciting is the play.The story he told

7、us was very interesting.Interesting was the story he told us.第11页/共29页作宾语作宾语1.1.只接动名词的动词：只接动名词的动词：避免错过少延期避免错过少延期 avoid/miss/delay/postpone建议完成多练习建议完成多练习 suggest/advise/finish/complete/practice喜欢想象禁不住喜欢想象禁不住 enjoy/imagine/cant help承认否定与嫉妒承认否定与嫉妒 admit/deny/envy逃避冒险莫宽恕逃避冒险莫宽恕 escape/risk/forgive/excus

8、e忍受保持不介意忍受保持不介意 stand/keep/mind允许感激和考虑允许感激和考虑 allow/permit/appreciate/consider明白鼓励要禁止明白鼓励要禁止 understand/encourage/forbid第12页/共29页2.2.意义一致意义一致Like/hate/begin/start/love/continue/preferLike to do 具体的将来的一次的具体的将来的一次的Like doing 习惯性经常性的习惯性经常性的I like playing football.I like to play football this afternoon.

9、第13页/共29页3.3.意义不一致意义不一致A.remember/forget/regret I forgot to post your letter.未做未做 I forgot posting your letter.做了做了B.mean/tryMean to do 打算打算 mean doing 意味着意味着Try to do 努力努力 try doing 试着试着第14页/共29页C.stop/go on stop to do 另一件另一件 stop doing 同一件同一件D.need/want/requireThe flowers need watering.Doing 用主动用主

10、动The flowers need to be watered.to be done用被动用被动第15页/共29页接动名词作宾语的词组有：admit to preferto be used to lead to devote oneself to stick to look forward to(to为介词）no good,no use,Its worth,as well as,cant help,Its no use/good be tired of be fond of be afraid of be proud of hold off put off keep on insist on

11、set about be successful in good at take up give up prevent from think of/about第16页/共29页作宾语补足语：现在分词作宾语补足语：现在分词I heard the girl singing in the classroom.I noticed a long queue outside the bank waiting for it to open.The baby watched his dad shaving his face with great interest.第17页/共29页能跟现在分词作宾语补足语的常见

12、能跟现在分词作宾语补足语的常见动词有这些，看看有什么好方法可动词有这些，看看有什么好方法可以将它们记住：以将它们记住：make、let、have、look at、see、watch、hear、listen to、notice、feel。“三让、三看、两听、注意三让、三看、两听、注意感觉感觉”。第18页/共29页动名词作定语表示性质或用途。动名词作定语表示性质或用途。a washing machine a machine for washinga swimming pool a pool for swimming This is a new washing machine.作定语作定语第19页/

13、共29页作定语作定语现在分词作定语表示动作。如果是单词，放在被现在分词作定语表示动作。如果是单词，放在被修饰的名词前；如果是短语，放就放在被修饰的名修饰的名词前；如果是短语，放就放在被修饰的名词之后。词之后。a developing country a country which is developinga sleeping boy a boy who is sleepingThe man talking with my father is Mr.Wang.China is a developing country.第20页/共29页作作 状状 语语现在分词作状语。表时间、原因、条件、结现在

14、分词作状语。表时间、原因、条件、结果、伴随（方式）等。果、伴随（方式）等。Hearing the cry for help,he rushed out.（时间）（时间）Being ill,he went home.（原因）（原因）European football is played in 80 countries,making it the most popular sport in the world.(NMET 98)（结果）（结果）He read a magazine waiting for the bus.（伴随伴随）Seeing from the hill,you can get

15、the whole town.(条件）条件）第21页/共29页Looking carefully at the ground,I made my way to the edge of the crater.Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already,I didnt take much notice.The ing form used as an adverbial.Having+past participle(the perfect-ingform)to refer to an action that took pl

16、ace before the time expressed by main verb.第22页/共29页观察下列2个句子,体会having done与doing的不同的用法(1)Having written the letter,John went to the post office.(2)Seeing the beautiful sight,the children felt excited.总结:V-ingdoinghaving done 表动作表动作有先有后有先有后表动作表动作同时发生同时发生一般式一般式完成式完成式第23页/共29页1.分词分词(短语短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句

17、子的作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来主语一致。如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。1.Comparingallthegreatpeoplewitheachother,youllfindthattheyhavemuchincommon.2.Findinghercarstolen,shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp.3.Thetrainhavinggone,wehadtowaitanotherday.分析分析:前两例中前两例中,-ing形式的逻辑主语均为主句

18、的主语。形式的逻辑主语均为主句的主语。最后一例中最后一例中havinggone的逻辑主语是的逻辑主语是thetrain。第24页/共29页其基本结构是其基本结构是:not+-ing形式形式,无论在完成式还是无论在完成式还是被动式里被动式里,not必须置于必须置于-ing形式之前。如形式之前。如:Nothavingfinishedhishomework,theboywasstilldoingitintheclassroom.2.-ing形式的否定式。形式的否定式。第25页/共29页根据这个性质根据这个性质,我们在使用我们在使用-ing形式作状语时形式作状语时,切记不要在切记不要在前面或后面的句子

19、前用连词连接。如前面或后面的句子前用连词连接。如:Walkingonthefallenleavesinautumn,soyoullfeelverycomfortable.()3.-ing形式形式(短语短语)的功能有时相当于一个的功能有时相当于一个状语从句。状语从句。分析分析:如前所述如前所述,-ing形式短语相当于一个状语从句形式短语相当于一个状语从句,所以后所以后半句中的连词半句中的连词so的使用是错误的的使用是错误的,应该去掉。应该去掉。原句应改为原句应改为:Walkingonthefallenleavesinautumn,youllfeelverycomfortable.第26页/共29页1.The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself_（hear）.2.On afternoon,Mrs Green went to the market,_(buy)some bananas and visited her cousin.3.Not _(receive)a reply,he decided to write again.(ME第27页/共29页The end第28页/共29页感谢您的观看！第29页/共29页