实用翻译教程合词译法.pptx

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1、实用翻译教程合词译法实用翻译教程合词译法Youll supply financial power,and well supply manpower.Isnt that fair and square?你们出钱，我们出人，这难道还不公平吗？In our workshop there is a hard and fast rule against smoking.我们车间有严格的规定，不许吸烟（我们车间严禁吸烟）第1页/共27页He is dead and gone.他的确死了。His father is a man who forgives and forgets.他的父亲非常宽容。Her so

2、n was wise and clever,but her daughter was silly and foolish.她的儿子非常聪明，女儿却很笨。第2页/共27页She shook and trembled with fear.她吓得不停的发抖。He is a man of culture and learning.他是个很有学问的人。We must reach our goals and aims.我们必须达到目的。He suffered aches and pains.他遭受百般疼痛。第3页/共27页These are ways and means of propaganda.这是一

3、些宣传方法。Its right and proper to try it.试一试是完全正确的。The room is cozy and comfortable.这个房间非常舒适。She was surprised and taken aback.她吓了一大跳（她着实吃了一惊）第4页/共27页Really and truly?千真万确吗？还是越早叫他回心转意越好些。The sooner he changes his mind the better for him.很明显，她就是出类拔萃的那一个。Its obvious that she is the one who stands out from

4、 the rest.都是些狐朋狗党。They are a pack of curs.第5页/共27页中国人民的不屈不挠的努力必将稳步地达到自己的目的 By our own indomitable efforts we the Chinese people will unswervingly reach our goal.他决心洗心革面，脱胎换骨。He is determined to turn over a new leaf.你怎么能过河拆桥,忘恩负义呢？How can you kick down the ladder?第6页/共27页痴心妄想痴心妄想 wishful thinkingwish

5、ful thinkingfond dream fond dream 长篇大论长篇大论 a ponderous thesis/a lengthy speech a ponderous thesis/a lengthy speech(or article)(or article)粗心大意粗心大意 careless/negligent careless/negligent 丰功伟绩丰功伟绩 greatgreat（or or magnificentmagnificent）contributions.contributions.灵丹妙药灵丹妙药 miraculous cure/heal-all mira

6、culous cure/heal-all 自以为是，夜郎自大自以为是，夜郎自大 self-conceited/arrogant self-conceited/arrogant 以怨报德，恩将仇报以怨报德，恩将仇报 return kindness with return kindness with ingratitude ingratitude 低三下四低三下四,奴颜卑膝奴颜卑膝 humble oneself humble oneself 宽宏大量，既往不咎宽宏大量，既往不咎 forgive and forget forgive and forget 第7页/共27页 无论是英译汉，还是汉译英，

7、我们都无论是英译汉，还是汉译英，我们都必须注意到原文中用同义词时所产生必须注意到原文中用同义词时所产生的的强调强调强调强调成分。如成分。如dead and gonedead and gone译成译成“的确的确的确的确死了死了”，“forgive and forgive and forget”forget”译成译成“非常非常非常非常宽容宽容”，“wise wise and clever”and clever”和和“silly and foolish”silly and foolish”分分别译成别译成“非常非常非常非常聪明聪明”和和“很很很很笨笨”，“shook and trembled”sho

8、ok and trembled”译成译成“不停地不停地不停地不停地抖抖”，culture and learningculture and learning译成译成“很有很有很有很有学问学问”aches and painsaches and pains译成译成“百般百般百般百般疼痛疼痛”第8页/共27页转性译法第9页/共27页（一）名词转换成动词The sight of such a big plane filled the little boy with great curiosity.看到这么大的飞机，那个小男孩充满了好奇。Rockets have found application for

9、 the exploration of the universe.火箭已经用来探索宇宙。第10页/共27页He is a keen lover of classic music.他酷爱古典音乐。Last week he declared his discovery of a new planet 上周他宣称发现了新的行星。The international food shortage had a direct impact on Kuwait and other barren desert countries.国际粮食短缺直接影响了科威特等贫瘠的沙漠国家。第11页/共27页There has

10、been a tremendous expansion of nurseries and kindergartens in both cities and villages.城市和乡村都增加了大量的托儿所和幼儿园。（二）介词转换成动词The people are against him.人们反对他。At the news they were very surprised.听到这个消息他们非常惊讶第12页/共27页 He worked long hours on meager food,in cold cottage,by dim lamps.他吃着简单的食物，住着寒冷的茅草棚，靠着微弱的灯光，

11、长时间的工作。“Coming!”Away she skimmed over the lawn,up the path,up the steps,across the veranda,and into the porch.“来啦！”她转身蹦着跳着地跑了，越过草地，跑上小径，跨上台阶，穿过凉台，进了门廊。第13页/共27页（三）形容词转换成动词（表示感觉、直觉、欲望等心理状态的形容词）They were certain that they could win the next game.他们确定能够赢得下一场比赛。He was afraid of being alone in the darkne

12、ss.他害怕一个人呆在黑暗里。You should be thankful to him for his help.你应该感谢他的帮助。第14页/共27页We are not content with our present achievements.我们対当前所取得的成就不感到满足。（四）副词转换成动词.As he ran out,he forgot to have his shoes on.他跑出去时忘了穿鞋子。That day he was up before six oclock.那天他不到七点就起床了。第15页/共27页 She opened the window to let fr

13、esh air in.她打开窗户让新鲜空气进来。Sorry I wasnt in when you rang me up.很抱歉，你打电话来的时候我不在。二、转换成名词二、转换成名词（一）动词转化为名词Politeness has always characterized their relationship.他们之间的关系，一直有一个特点，就是以礼相待。第16页/共27页The old man,who looked and talked like an American,is our president.那位长相和谈吐都像美国人的老人是我们校长。（二）形容词转化为名词They hated t

14、he rich and loved and protected the poor.他们痛恨富人，热爱并保护穷人。第17页/共27页All the wounded were sent to the hospital right away.所有伤员马上被送到了医院。He shows a sympathetic understanding of our problem.他对我们的问题表示同情和理解。（三）副词转化为名词 He is physically weak.他身体很弱。第18页/共27页They have not done so well ideologically as organizati

15、onally.他们的思想工作没有组织工作做得好。It was officially announced that he would attend the meeting.官方宣布他将出席会议。It was found scientifically that water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.科学发现，水由氢气和氧气组成。第19页/共27页三、转换成形容词三、转换成形容词（一）名词转换成形容词（一）名词转换成形容词 The security and warmth of the basement made them feel relaxed.地下室里

16、既安全又温暖，他们地下室里既安全又温暖，他们松了一口气。松了一口气。I realized the absurdity of dealing with them through intermediaries.我意识到通过中间人跟他们打我意识到通过中间人跟他们打交道是愚蠢的。交道是愚蠢的。第20页/共27页As he is a perfect stranger in this city,I hope you can give him some help.他对这个城市完全陌生，我希望你给他一些帮助。He was very surprised at the oddity of the stranger

17、s behaviour.他对那个陌生人古怪的行为很吃惊。We are deeply convinced of the correctness of the policy.我们深信那项政策是正确的。第21页/共27页 Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study.独立思考在学习中是绝对必要的。（二）副词转换成形容词He was deeply impressed by the film.那部电影给他留下了深刻的印象。I suppose boys think differently from girls.我觉得男孩子跟女孩子的想法是不一

18、样的。第22页/共27页四、转换成副词四、转换成副词（一）名词转换成副词（一）名词转换成副词When he saw a beggar at the corner of the street,his instinct is to give him some money.当他看到街角的那个乞丐就本当他看到街角的那个乞丐就本能地要给他钱。能地要给他钱。We found difficulty in solving the housing problem.住房问题很难解决。第23页/共27页Every time her mother bought her something new,she would

19、fiddle with it in her clumsy impatience.每次她妈妈给她买点什么新东西，她就会迫不及待地、笨手笨脚地摆弄一番。I had the fortune to meet him.我幸运地遇到了他。I have the honour to inform you that 我很荣幸地通知你第24页/共27页（二）形容词转换成副词 Warm discussions arose everywhere as to his achievements.到处都在热烈地讨论他的成就。We place high value on our friendly relations with

20、 developing countries.我们高度重视同发展中国家的友好关系。It was a clear exposition of the presidents determination to begin a teaching reform.它清楚地表明了校长开始教学改革的决心。第25页/共27页从上面转性译法的实例不难看出，翻译中的词性转换存在着一定的规律，最明显的一点就是英美国家的人们比较喜欢用名词和介词，而汉语里面的动词用得比较多一些。因此，英译汉时，经常要把英语中的名词和介词转换成汉语中的动词；而汉译英时，往往要把汉语中的动词转换成英语中的名词或介词。值得一提的是，词性转换并不是随意进行的，而是要遵循着语言中的客观规律符合表达习惯，使用地道的语言。第26页/共27页