小升初英语阅读理解应试技巧+专项训练练习题(含答案解析).pdf

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1、小升初英语阅读理解应试技巧 阅读是增长知识获取信息的主要途径，阅读能力是英语教学的重点。近年来，注重对阅读理解能力的考核已成为小升初的一大趋势。阅读理解能力影响并制约听、说、读、写能力的形成和发展，英语教学大纲也把培养阅读能力作为一个主要的教学目标。要做好阅读理解，应从以下几方面入手。分门别类识别文体 随着信息时代的到来，阅读内容更趋于信息化、时代化，突破了单一的故事、寓言等题材，内容涉及新闻、广告、科普、医疗、教育等，文章的体裁也从记叙扩大到产品说明、逻辑推理及实际应用等文体。不同的文体阅读的要求与方法不尽相同。记叙文阅读主要抓四大要素，即时间、地点、人物和事件起因、发展和结果，以及人物之间

2、的关系、表现，从中分析他们思想品质、性格特征等；议论文是阐明作者对人或事好坏的立场观点，因此在阅读时必须正确把握文章的论点和论据，理清论证思路，再进行逻辑推理得出结论；应用文是最贴近日常生活的文体，它包括通知、广告、便条、申请书、个人简历，形式多样，题材各异，如图示、表格、地址、网址等，对这类文体的阅读应简明扼要地抓住所需信息，理解文章内容。统览全篇摘录要点 阅读理解是对整个文章的目的、意图、观点、立场、态度以及内在的逻辑关系的理解，而不是断章取义的一孔之见，所以统览全篇和问题是很有必要的，这些问题会给你提供信息或暗示文章中的一些重要细节。如某试卷 C 篇阅读并回答问题中，通过对全篇的布局谋篇

3、以及问题的设置看到的不是片言只语，而从中感悟到人文思想的体现，人类和自然界生态相辅相成的关系，从而得出第 6 小题：From the passage,we learn that.答案为 B。即：The rainforest people have done something to protect their home.在统览全篇的同时要注意要点的摘录，因为一些显性的答案是可以从要点中直接回答，而隐性的答案则是要通过对全篇的理解才能得出。统览全篇，摘录要点亦有利于检查时节省时间。开动脑筋推测词意 英语学科教学基本要求规定，学生能根据上下文推测词义，并能不借助词典读懂含有3%生词的语言材料，换言

4、之，这就是促使学生的知识内化的过程，学生要通过知识内化将内隐的心理活动转换为外显的行为，可以借助以下的几种方法完成内化过程：根据上下文猜测词意 如某模拟题，阅读 B 篇中 passed away，根据上文的 An illness had kept the boy home.和下文写给 Rick 的信中可以猜测出意为去世。根据构词法猜测词意 前 缀 un-表反义词，如：happy unhappy，fair unfair，important unimportant 等。后缀-ment 表名词，如：developdevelopment，statestatement，argueargument 等。后

5、缀-er、-or 或-ist 表同源名词，如：calculatecalculator，visit-visitor，lawlawyer，waiwaiter，sciencescientist，artartist 等。用知识和生活经验理解短文 如：根据化学知识，可以理解科普读物 Water is made from oxygen and hydrogen.根据生活经验可以理解 Green plants let out oxygen and breathe in carbon dioxide.根据逻辑推理理解短文 逻辑推理实际上就是文章的弦外之音、言下之意。如：某试卷阅读 C 篇回答问题中，根据：Ha

6、ve the police taken your driving licence away,too?可以推断问题 6：Why was the other man riding a bicycle instead of diving a car?的答案为：Because the police had take his driving license away.再如：Then they cam e to the second picture.The assistant was going to draw the cloth as he did before.As soon as he touche

7、d the cloth，he cried,Wonderful Its the best picture I have ever seen!据此可以推断出第二张画画的是一块布。条分缕析理解长句 长句是初中生阅读理解的难点之一，长句中通常包含并列、复合、倒装等结构，对于这类句子要分清主次，先找出句子的主、谓、宾、定、状、补，再找出修饰它的从句或短语等。如：Parents whose children show a special interesting particular sport have a difficult decision to make about their childrens

8、career.先找出本句的主、谓、宾为 Parents have a cession.再找出修饰语 Whose children show a special interesting particular sport.为 Parents 的定语从句，difficult 修饰 decision，to make about their childrens careers 为不定式做 decision的定语。经过分析，化整为零，化繁为简，此句就不难理解了。二、阅读理解 2阅读理解读短文，判断下列句子与短文内容是否一致 Everyone wants to have good manners,but i

9、t is not so easy.We must care about everything in life.There is something we should know.First,say hello to people you meet,not only to teachers,but also to your friends and your classmates,and even your neighbors.Second,help others as much as you can.Then everybody will like you.Third,dont laugh at

10、 others.That will be impolite and hurt them.Fourth,never ask others about their personal information.If others have something that they cannot say,they will be very embarrassed.Good manners make things easier.They can help people to get on well with each other.When you are nice to people,they will b

11、e nice to you.（1）Everyone wants to have good manners,but it is not so easy.（2）It is very important to have good manners.（3）We just take care of ourselves,and everything will be fine.（4）We shouldnt ask others about their personal information.（5）Good manners can help people to get on well with each ot

12、her.【答案】（1）1（2）1（3）0（4）1（5）1 【考点】阅读理解 【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了礼貌在人生活中的重要性。（1）句意：每个人都想有礼貌，但这并不容易。根据 Everyone wants to have good manners,but it is not so easy.可知每个人都想有礼貌，但这并不容易，故答案为正确。（2）句意：礼貌是非常重要的。根据 Good manners make things easier.可知礼貌是非常重要的，故答案为正确。（3）句意：我们只是照顾好自己，一切都会好起来的。根据 Second,help others as much as

13、you can.Then everybody will like you.可知尽你所能帮助别人。那么每个人都会喜欢你的，故答案为错误。（4）句意：我们不应该询问他人的个人信息。根据 Fourth,never ask others about their personal information.可知我们不应该询问他人的个人信息，故答案为正确。（5）句意：良好的礼仪可以使人和睦相处。根据 Good manners make things easier.They can help people to get on well with each other.可知良好的礼仪可以使人和睦相处，故答案为正

14、确。【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。3阅读理解读短文，判断下列句子与短文内容是否一致 Chairman Mao was a very famous and important person in Chinese history.He gave Chinese people new life.We can live in China better and better.He was a kind man and he cared about every one of Chinese people and their lives.Chinese peo

15、ple were very poor and hungry in old China before 1949.Chairman Mao led Chinese people to found(建立)new China.Finally,all of the Chinese people work for a better life together.We love Chairman Mao.Chairman Mao is the father of new China.（1）Chairman Mao was a great man in Chinese history.（2）Chinese pe

16、ople were very poor in old China after1949.（3）Chairman Mao cared about every one of Chinese people.（4）Chairman Mao led Chinese people to found new China.（5）Chairman Mao is the father of new China.【答案】（1）1（2）0（3）1（4）1（5）1 【考点】阅读理解 【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了中国历史上一位非常著名和重要的人物毛主席。（1）句意：毛主席是中国历史上的伟人。根据 Chairman Ma

17、o was a very famous and important person in Chinese history.可知毛主席是中国历史上的伟人，故答案为正确。（2）句意：1949 年以后，中国人在旧中国很穷。根据 Chinese people were very poor and hungry in old China before 1949.可知 1949 年以前，中国人在旧中国非常贫穷和饥饿，故答案为错误。（3）句意：毛主席关心每一个中国人。根据 He was a kind man and he cared about every one of Chinese people and

18、their lives.可知毛主席关心每一个中国人，故答案为正确。（4）句意：毛主席带领中国人民建立了新中国。根据 Chairman Mao led Chinese people to found new China.可知毛主席带领中国人民建立了新中国，故答案为正确。（5）句意：毛主席是新中国之父。根据 Chairman Mao is the father of new China.可知毛主席是新中国之父，故答案为正确。【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。4阅读理解阅读短文，判断下列句子正误。One day,the famous American sc

19、ientist Albert Einstein came across an old friend in the street in New York.Mr.Einstein,said the friend.it seems that you need a new overcoat.This one is worn out!It doesnt matter,answered Einstein.Nobody knows me here in New York.Seven years passed,and they met in New York again.Einstein had become

20、 a world famous physicist by then,but he still wore the same old overcoat.Once more his friend tried to persuade him into getting a new one.There is no need now.said Einstein.Everyone here knows me.（1）Albert Einstein was a famous American scientist.（2）Einsteins overcoat looked very old.（3）Einstein s

21、till wore the same old overcoat when he became world famous.（4）His friend thought Einstein didnt need a new overcoat.（5）This story tells us that Einstein did not pay attention to the superficial(丧面的)things.【答案】（1）1（2）1（3）1（4）0（5）1 【考点】阅读理解 【解析】【分析】这是讲述爱因斯坦的生活轶事。（1）句意：爱因斯坦是一位伟大的科学家。根据短文叙述 Einstein ha

22、d become a world famous physicist by then.（到那时爱因斯坦成为了世界著名的物理学家。）可知题目叙述正确。故答案为：正确。（2）句意：爱因斯坦的外套看起来很旧。根据短文叙述 it seems that you need a new overcoat.This one is worn out!（看起来你需要一件新外套。你的这件太旧了。）可知题目叙述正确。故答案为：正确。（3）句意：爱因斯坦仍然穿着同一件旧外套，当他世界著名时。根据短文叙述 Einstein had become a world famous physicist by then,but he

23、 still wore the same old overcoat.（到那时爱因斯坦成为了世界著名的物理学家，但是他仍然穿着那件旧外套。）可知题目叙述正确。故答案为：正确。（4）句意：他的朋友认为爱因斯坦不需要一件新外套。根据短文叙述 it seems that you need a new overcoat.This one is worn out!（看起来你需要一件新外套。你的这件太旧了。）可知题目叙述错误。故答案为：错误。（5）句意：这个故事告诉我们爱因斯坦不注重表面的东西。根据整篇短文，可知爱因斯坦不注重外套的新旧，他不注重外在的东西。题目叙述正确。故答案为：正确。【点评】这是考查情景

24、交际的题目。仔细阅读短文，根据短文的细节叙述来判断正误。5阅读理解阅读理解 Thanksgiving is a family holiday in autumn in Canada and the USA.In Canada,Thanksgiving is in October.In the USA,it is in November.On Thanksgiving,people have a big dinner with their family.They usually eat roast turkey and other delicious food.They also tell Th

25、anksgiving stories and give thanks to their friends and families.In China,we also have a family holiday in autumn.It is Mid-Autumn Festival.People get together with their families to have a big dinner,too.They eat mooncakes,talk happily and enjoy looking at the beautiful round moon.Mooncakes are rou

26、nd like the full moon.Some people cannot go back home,but they can look at the moon and think about their families.（1）When is Thanksgiving?（2）What people usually eat at Thanksgiving?（3）What does the mooncake look like？（4）What is the common point between Thanksgiving and Mid-Autumn Festival?【答案】（1）In

27、 October or November.（2）They usually eat roast turkey and other delicious food.（3）Mooncakes are round like the full moon.（4）People get together have a big dinner with their families.【考点】阅读理解 【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了感恩节和中秋节。（1）句意：感恩节是什么时候？根据 In Canada,Thanksgiving is in October.In the USA,it is in November.可

28、知加拿大或美国，感恩节是在十月或十一月，故答案为 In October or November.（2）句意：感恩节人们通常吃什么？根据 They usually eat roast turkey and other delicious food.可知通常他们吃烤火鸡和其他美味的食物，故答案为 They usually eat roast turkey and other delicious food.（3）句意：月饼是什么样的？根据 Mooncakes are round like the full moon.可知月饼圆得像满月，故答案为 Mooncakes are round like th

29、e full moon.（4）句意：感恩节和中秋节的共同点是什么？根据 On Thanksgiving,people have a big dinner with their family.People get together with their families to have a big dinner,too.可知人们聚在一起，与家人共进晚餐，故答案为 People get together have a big dinner with their families.【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息找出相关句进行回答。6阅读理解阅读理解 O

30、ne day,a monkey was looking for food.He came to a fence.There were a lot of big peaches inside the fence.He tried to get inside.But he failed.At last,he found a hole in the fence.But the hole was too small for him to go through.What should I do?the monkey thought.He wandered around the fence.Day aft

31、er day,the monkey became thinner and thinner.At last,he could get through the fence.He ate a lot of peaches.He became fatter and fatter.He wanted to go outside,but the hole was too small for him.He couldnt eat anymore!He waited and waited.Eventually,he became thin enough to go out.（1）The monkey want

32、ed to find some _.A.drink B.foot C.food（2）There were a lot of _ inside the fence.A.apples B.peaches C.oranges（3）The monkey went through the fence from _.A.small hole B.a road C.a river（4）Did the monkey eat the peaches?A.Yes,he did.B.No,he didnt.C.We dont know.（5）How did he go out the fence?A.He jump

33、ed out.B.By bike.C.He became thin enough.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）A（5）C 【考点】阅读理解 【解析】【分析】这是一篇猴子偷桃的寓言故事。（1）根据短文叙述 One day,a monkey was looking for food.“一天，一只猴子正在寻找食物。”可知想要找的食物。C 选项正确。故答案为：C。（2）根据短文叙述 There were a lot of big peaches inside the fence.（在围栏内有许多大桃子。）可知是桃子。B 选项正确。故答案为：B。（3）根据短文叙述 At last,he fou

34、nd a hole in the fence.（最后，他发现了围栏上有个洞。）可知从洞里进入的。A 选项正确。故答案为：A。（4）根据短文叙述 He ate a lot of peaches.（他吃了很多桃子。）可知用肯定回答。A选项正确。故答案为：A。（5）根据短文叙述 Eventually,he became thin enough to go out.（最终，他变得足够瘦能够出来。）可知是变瘦。C 选项正确。故答案为：C。【点评】这是考查阅读理解的题目。首先仔细阅读短文，然后根据短文的相关叙述，来选择正确的答案。7阅读理解阅读理解，按要求做答。Everybody has a home.A

35、nimals also have their homes.People live in many different kinds of houses.Animals have different kinds of houses,too.Some animals live in holes under the ground.Woodchuck lives under the ground.Its home has two doors.If any enemy comes in through one door.The woodchuck will go out through the other

36、 one.Some animals live in holes or in trees.Squirrels build their nests high in the trees.Birds also live in holes or in trees.And most of them live in their nests.Only hawks build their nests high in the mountains.（1）Which animal lives in holes under the ground?A.bird B.fish C.woodchuck（2）How many

37、doors does a woodchucks home have？A.Two doors.B.One door.C.Three doors.（3）Squirrels live_ in trees.A.low B.high C.different（4）Most of the birds live in their nests.哪一幅图可以表示画线单词的意思？A.B.C.（5）根据文中画线的句子，可以知道 build 的意思是_.A.大楼 B.建造 C.居住【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）B（4）A（5）B 【考点】阅读理解 【解析】【分析】这是介绍动物巢穴的短文。（1）根据短文叙述 Woodch

38、uck lives under the ground.（土巴鼠住在地下。）可知 C 选项正确。故答案为：C。（2）根据短文叙述 Its home has two doors.（它的巢穴有 2 个门。）可知 A 选项正确。故答案为：A。（3）根据短文叙述 Squirrels build their nests high in the trees（松鼠将巢高高的建在树上。）可知 B 选项正确。故答案为：B。（4）根据短文上下文叙述可知 nest 和 home 意思相同，是“家”的意思，对于鸟来说是“巢”。A 选项正确。故答案为：A。（5）根据上下文意思提示，build 在这里是建造的意思，B 选项

39、正确。故答案为：B。【点评】这是考查阅读理解的题目。仔细阅读短文，然后根据短文的细节叙述来回答问题。8阅读理解阅读短文，判断正误。Its Sunday afternoon.Its warm and sunny.My parents take me to the Nature Park.I am very happy because I dont need to do any homework!I jump and run in the park.I am very excited and I fall into(掉进)the river.Now Im all wet and I feel co

40、ld.My parents are very angry with me.I have a cold now and I am very sad.God save me!What a pity Sunday!（1）Its warm and sunny on Sunday afternoon.（2）Im very happy because I will have a big dinner.（3）Im very excited because I won the game.（4）My parents are very angry with me because I fall into the r

41、iver.（5）Im very sad because I have a cold.【答案】（1）1（2）0（3）0（4）1（5）1 【考点】阅读理解 【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了星期天下午，我没有作业，和父母去自然公园，但是我掉进了河里，感冒了。（1）句意：周日下午天气暖和，阳光明媚。根据 Its Sunday afternoon.Its warm and sunny.可知周日下午天气暖和，阳光明媚。故答案为正确。（2）句意：我很高兴，因为我要吃一顿丰盛的晚餐。根据 I am very happy because I dont need to do any homework!可知我很高兴

42、，因为我不需要做任何家庭作业。故答案为错误。（3）句意：我很兴奋，因为我赢了这场比赛。根据 I am very excited and I fall into the river.可知我很兴奋，掉进了河里。故答案为错误。（4）句意：我的父母很生我的气，因为我掉进河里了。根据 My parents are very angry with me.可知我的父母很生我的气，因为我掉进河里了。故答案为正确。（5）句意：我很难过，因为我感冒了。根据 I have a cold now and I am very sad.可知我很难过，因为我感冒了。故答案为正确。【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后

43、根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。9阅读理解阅读短文，判断句子正误。Tomorrow is Sunday.It will be sunny and warm.We are going to have a picnic.I will bring some fruit and biscuits.Xiaomei will bring five bottles of water.Dongdong will bring his basketball.We will play basketball together.We will have a good time.（1）Today is Saturday

44、.（2）I will bring some candies and biscuits.（3）Xiaomei will bring four bottles of water.（4）We will play basketball together.（5）It will be Sunny and hot tomorrow.【答案】（1）1（2）0（3）0（4）1（5）0 【考点】阅读理解 【解析】【分析】这是谈论明天要去野餐的计划。（1）句意：今天是星期六。根据短文叙述 Tomorrow is Sunday.（明天是星期日。）可知今天星期六。题目叙述正确。故答案为：正确。（2）句意：我将带一些糖果

45、和饼干。根据短文叙述 I will bring some fruit and biscuits.（我将带一些水果和饼干。）可知没有糖果，题目叙述错误。故答案为：错误。（3）句意：小美将带四瓶水。根据短文叙述 Xiaomei will bring five bottles of water.（小美将带 5 瓶水。）可知是 5 瓶水，题目叙述错误。故答案为：错误。（4）句意：我们将一起打篮球。根据短文叙述 We will play basketball together.（我们将一起打篮球。）可知题目叙述正确。故答案为：正确。（5）句意：明天天气将晴朗又炎热。根据短文叙述 It will be sunny and warm.（天气将晴朗又温暖。）可知题目叙述错误。故答案为：错误。【点评】这是考查阅读理解的题目。仔细阅读短文，然后根据短文判断正误。