2021届杭州市朝晖中学高三英语期末考试试题及答案解析.pdf

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1、2021 届杭州市朝晖中学高三英语期末考试试题及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A I once taught in a small private school.Each morning at nine oclock all the students,ranging in age from three to seven years old,gathered in the Great Room for a warm-up in preparation f

2、or the day.One morning the headmistress made an announcement to all the children gathered,“Today we begin a great experiment of the mind.”She held up two ivy(常春藤)plants,each potted in an identical container.She continued,“Do they look the same?”All the children nodded.So did I,for,in this way,I was

3、alsoa child.“We will give the plants the same amount of light,the same amount of water,but not the same amount of attention,”She said.“Together we are going to see what will happen when we put one plant in the kitchen away from our attention and the other plant right here in this room.Each day for t

4、he next month,we shall sing to our plant in the Great Room and tell it how much we love it,and how beautiful it is.We will use our good minds to think good thoughts about it.”Four weeks later my eyes were as wide and disbelieving as the childrens.The kitchen plant was leggy and sick-looking,and it h

5、adnt grown at all.But the Great Room plant,which had been sung to and surrounded by positive thoughts and words,had increased threefold in size with dark leaves that were filled with energy.In order to prove the experiment,the kitchen ivy was brought to the Great Room to join the other ivy.Within th

6、ree weeks,the second plant had caught up with the first ivy.Within four weeks,they could not be distinguished,one from the other.I took this lesson to heart and made it my own.1.Why did the headmistress do the experiment?A.She wanted to teach me a lesson.B.She expected the students to learn to grow

7、plants.C.She meant to prove the impact of good minds on growth.D.She intended to show students how to save a sick-looking plant.2.What happened to the ivy in the kitchen at last?A.It stopped growing and died.B.It was leggy and sick with dark leaves.C.It looked almost the same as the other one.D.It g

8、rew better than the one in the Great Room.3.What can be a suitable title for the passage?A.Life Means Growth B.Things Grow with Love C.Equality Makes a Difference D.Positive Thoughts Really Count B Most children who have suffered from ADHD still have it as teens.During teen years,especially as the h

9、ormonal changes of teenagers are going on and the demands of school and extra-curricular activities are increasing,ADHD may get worse.Because of problems with getting unfocused and poor concentration,many teens with ADHD have problems in school.Grades may fall,especially if the teen is not getting A

10、DHD treatment.Its not uncommon for teens with ADHD to forget their homework,lose textbooks,and become bored with their daily class work.Teens may become inattentive or extremely attentive,not waiting for their turn before blurting out answers.They may cut in on their teacher and classmates.Teens wit

11、h ADHD may also befidgetyand find it hard to sit still in class.Often,teens with ADHD are so busy focusing on other things that they forget about the task at hand.This can be seen especially with homework and athletic skills and in relationships with their schoolmates.This lack of attention to what

12、theyre doing often leads to bad grades on tests and being passed over for sports teams,after-school activities,and learning teams.Kids with ADHD can be targets for bullying,too.But,not all children with ADHD have trouble getting along with others.If your child does,you can take measures to help impr

13、ove their social skills and relationships.ADHD affects all parts of a teenagers life.As a parent you should discover your teens troubles as early as possible.The earlier your childs troubles are discovered,the more successful the following steps can be.4.What does the author plan to do in paragraph

14、1?A.To list the types of ADHD.B.To introduce the main topic.C.To show the authors opinion.D.To explain the causes of ADHD.5.What does the underlined word“fidgety”probably mean in paragraph 2?A.Clever.B.Noisy.C.Restless.D.Lazy.6.What is the text mainly about?A.Ways to deal with ADHD.B.Effects of ADHD

15、 on teens.C.Teens school performances.D.Demands of school work.7.What may the following paragraph talk about?A.How parents can help a teen with ADHD.B.The importance of healthy peer relationships.C.How many children are suffering from ADHD.D.Different opinions about treating ADHD in teens.C Trees ar

16、e“social creature”that communicate with each other in cooperative ways that hold lessons for humans,too,ecologist Suzanne Simard says.Simard grew up in Canadian forests as a child of loggers before becoming an ecologist.Shes now a professor of forest ecology at theUniversityofBritish Columbia.Trees

17、are linked to neighboring trees by a network of fungi below the surface of the earth that resembles the nervous networks in the brain,she explains.In one study,Simard watched as a Douglas fir tree that had been injured by insects appeared to send chemical warning signals to a pine nearby.The pine tr

18、ee then produced defense enzymes to protect against the insect.“This was a breakthrough,”Simard says.The trees were sharing“information that actually is important to the health of the whole forest.”In addition to warning each other of danger,Simard says that trees have been known to share nutrients

19、at critical times to keep each other healthy.She says the trees in a forest are often linked to each other via an older tree she calls a“mother”or“hub”tree.“In connecting with all the trees of different ages,the mother trees can actually ease the growth of these young trees,”she says.“The young tree

20、s will link into the network of the old trees and benefit from that huge resource capacity.And the old trees would also pass a little bit of carbon and nutrients and water to the young trees,at crucial times in their lives,that actually help them survive.”The study of trees took on a new resonance f

21、or Simard when she suffered from breast cancer.During her treatment,she learned that one of the medicines she relied on was actually obtained from what some trees produce for their own mutual defense.She explains her research on cooperation in the forest,and shares her personal story in the new book

22、Finding the Mother Tree:Discovering the Wisdom of theForest.8.How could a Douglas fir tree send chemical warning signals to a pine nearby?A.By an underground network of fungi.B.By the nervous networks in the brain.C.By making cooperation with each other.D.By holding lessons to it as human beings.9.A

23、ccording to Simard,what was a breakthrough?A.Simard was-brought up in Canadian forests.B.She became a professor of forest ecology.C.The pine tree produced defense enzymes.D.Vital information was shared among trees.10.What helped Simard understand trees further?A.Her rich knowledge of trees.B.Her chi

24、ldhood in the forest.C.Her medicine gained from trees.D.Her research on cooperation.11.In Simards book we may discover the wisdom of the forest except .A.communicating cooperatively B.warning each other of danger C.sharing nutrientsat critical times D.sacrificing mother trees for survival D A study

25、has found that a lifetime of regular exercise and activity can slow down the aging process(衰老过程).Researchers say that getting older should not necessarily mean becoming more weak or sick.Their research shows that a devotion to a life of movement and exercise may help us live not only longer,but also

26、 healthier.For their study,the researchers looked at two groups.The first group was made up of 125 non-professional cyclists between the ages of 55 to 79.This group included 84 healthy men and 41 healthy women.We will call this group the“cyclists”.Researchers then found 130 people to make up a secon

27、d group.Within this group,75 people were aged from 57 to 80.The other 55 were between the ages of 20 and 36.The people in this group were also healthy,but they did not exercise regularly.We will call this group the“non-exercisers”.Smokers,heavy drinkers of alcohol and people with other health issues

28、 were not included in the study.Then,researchers gave both groups a series of tests.They tested their muscle mass(肌肉质量),muscular strength,percentage of body fat and the strength of their immune(免疫的)systems.Then the researchers compared the results of the two groups.Results showed that the cyclists d

29、id not experience body changes usually regarded as a normal aging process.For example,they did not lose muscle mass or muscular strength.Also,their body fat did not increase with age.The researchers also found something they had not expected.The study showed that the immune systems of the cyclists d

30、id not age either.The researchers advise us all to find an exercise that we like in our lives.12.How did the researchers carry out the study?A.By comparing.B.By discussing.C.By imagining.D.By reasoning.13.Which of the following is a result of the research?A.The cyclists kept a thin body shape.B.The

31、non-exercisers gained weight easily.C.The cyclists muscles remained strong with age.D.The non-exercisers usually had health problems.14.Which is an unexpected result for the researchers?A.The cyclists had normal aging process.B.The cyclists immune systems didnt age.C.The cyclists lost nearly all the

32、ir fat.D.Everyone needed an exercise in their lives.15.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Healthy People Need More Exercise B.Take an Exercise,the Harder,the Better C.Cycling Is the Best Way to Prevent Aging D.A Lifetime of Exercise Slows Aging Process 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分

33、10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Retirement,if you plan well,is filled with leisure time to do what you want when you want.That is why we call retirement the Golden Years.Retirees with grandchildren have the leisure to see them whenever they want._16_ Early in the pandemic(流行病)，health

34、experts warned older adults to limit contact with children.No matter how much you love them,children are known for spreading germs.And older adults are at higher risk of dying from CO VID-19.But now,as the pandemic continues,the situation is changing again for some retired people.Because of the pand

35、emic,most grandparents are involved in the familys childcare._17_They check schoolwork,control study time,and create educational games.Why?For many families,school is also childcare for working parents._18_So education is happening online and in the home._19_More grandparents are now being asked to

36、not only watch their grandchildren but also supervise(监督)their online learning.Mary Hill and her husband Bill have to care for their grandson Will five days a week and supervise his distance learning.Mary says she and her husband are much busier than they were before the pandemic._20_Grandparents ar

37、e often accused of spoiling grandchildren-letting them eat lots of sweets and play all the time.For Mary,becoming a rule enforcer instead of just a fun grandmother for Will has been the hardest part.A.But most schools remain closed.B.However,that changed with the coronavirus pandemic.C.As a result,m

38、any families are struggling to find childcare.D.It is not easy for old adults to get along with their grandchildren.E.Besides being much busier,grandparents face another difficult problem.F.In theUnited States,some grandparents are adding new work in their Golden Years.G.Children experts say grandpa

39、rents and their grandchildren should hang out together regularly.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 A few months ago,one of my fellow graduate students was offered an incredible career-building opportunity.His efforts on a student-led campai

40、gn to increase federal funding for basic research had_21_an invitation to speak on a conference panel(专家组).It would look great on his CV(简历).I was_22_for him,of course.I had been a(n)_23_partner in the campaign.I felt that I deserved the same opportunity.Yet I hadnt been_24_,and I wasnt sure why.Gro

41、wing up,I had been taught that the way to_25_was to put my head down and work hard.If my work was good enough,it would speak for itself and I would be_26_.This,coupled with a natural_27_,meant that I_28_worked up the nerve to put myself forward.However,I decided that I need to_29_my life again by be

42、coming my own biggest_30_.So,with my_31_beating fast,I asked my colleague to ask the panel organizers to_32_me.My mind flooded with a list of well-practiced_33_.Maybe I didnt deserve it.Maybe I was being too_34_.But my colleague immediately contacted the organizers,who quickly agreed to_35_me to the

43、 panel.Ive come to understand that I cant be recognized for my work if Im invisible.This isnt a revolutionary_36_,I know,but as an introvert(内向的人)this is my_37_Mount Qomolangma.I think advocating for myself will always make me a little_38_.But I do plenty of other uncomfortable things to_39_Im livin

44、g my best life,like getting flu shots.I suppose I can do the same for my_40_ 21.A.turned down B.lacked for C.referred to D.led to 22.A.thankful B.happy C.sorry D.ready 23.A.legal B.mental C.equal D.special 24.A.invited B.promoted C.informed D.dismissed 25.A.practice B.success C.power D.reality 26.A.

45、observed B.protected C.attracted D.rewarded 27.A.shyness B.warmth C.kindness D.sweetness 28.A.quietly B.frequently C.rarely D.completely 29.A.make sense of B.take control of C.pay attention to D.find fault with 30.A.advocate B.promise C.harvest D.sacrifice 31.A.brain B.bone C.heart D.stomach 32.A.qu

46、estion B.include C.serve D.withdraw 33.A.get-together B.background C.self-doubt D.breakthrough 34.A.stubborn B.proud C.nervous D.ambitious 35.A.add B.send C.report D.track 36.A.test B.idea C.visit D.plan 37.A.personal B.professional C.skeptical D.traditional 38.A.unreasonable B.dishonest C.uncomfort

47、able D.discontent 39.A.figure B.predict C.record D.ensure 40.A.health B.colleague C.education D.career 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Humans have created a color1 ful global civilization throughout their long development,and the civilization of China is_41._important

48、 part of the world civilization.As a representative feature of Chinese civilization,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is a medical science_42._was formed and developed in the daily life of the people and in their fight against diseases over thousands of years.It has produced a positive effect_43._the

49、 nations prosperity and the progress of human civilization.TCM has created unique views on fitness,on diseases and on the prevention and_44._(treat)of diseases during its long history.It represents a combination of_45._(nature)and social sciences,including profound philosophical ideas of the Chinese

50、 nation.Since the founding of the Peoples Republic of China in 1949,a number of national and local nature reserves_46._(establish),and research has also been conducted on the protection of rare and_47._(endanger)Chinese medicinal resources.TCM and Western medicine have their different_48._(strength)