人教版七年级英语上册各单元知识点汇总.pdf

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1、人教版七上各单元知识点汇总（交际用语、基础知识、语法等）交际用语：1.打招呼用语：-Good morning,Eric!(早上好！)-Good morning,Dale!-Good afternoon,Helen!（下午好！）-Good afternoon,Cindy!-Good evening,Alice!（晚上好！）-Good evening,Bob!-Hi/Hello/Hey！喂-Hi/Hello/Hey！喂2.问候：-How are you?（你好吗？）-I m fine/OK/well,thank you/thanks.我很好，谢谢 And you?(=How are you?)你呢

2、？-I m OK.我很好。-How do you do?(你好!)-How do you do?(你好!)3.询问物体名字：-Whats this in English?这个用英语怎么说？-It s a map/a ruler/a pen/a quilt/a key/an orange/an apple/an eraser.（回答 Whats用It s）注意：an 用于元音音素开头的单词前；a 用于辅音音素开头的单词前。第一次提及用，再次提及用 the-Whats this/that in English?-It s a jacket.-Spell it,please.=How do you

3、spell it?(怎样拼写.)-J-A-C-K-E-T.4.询问物体颜色：-What color is it?（问颜色用 What color）-It s red/yellow/green/blue/black/white.(颜色前无冠词 a/an/the)五个元音字母：Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu 字母读音归类：Aa Hh Jj Kk Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv(Zz)Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx(Zz)Ii Yy Oo Qq Uu Ww Rr Unit 1 1.询问人名：-Whats your name?-My name is Alan.=Im Alan.-Wh

4、ats her name?-Her name is Mary.=She is Mary.-Whats his name?-His name is Peter.=He is Peter.总结：询问别人名字用：What s name？名词前要用形容词性物主代词2-Nice to meet you!（见到你很高兴）-Nice to meet you,too!（见到你也很高兴）3你是某某吗？-Are you.?Yes,I am./No,Im not.他/她是某某吗？-Is he/she.?Yes,he/she is./No,he/she isnt.4.总结：be(am/is/are)的用法（一）基本用

5、法：我用 am，I am.你用 are，you are.is 跟着 he/she/it.this/that用 is.these/those/they用 are单数名词用 is 复数名词要 are 1.-I _ Linda._ you Bob?Yes,I _.2.This _ my friend.His name_ Tom.His telephone number_ 486-123.3.It _ a black pen.4.Bob and Mike _ in China.5.-What color _ his quilt?It _ red.6.He and I_ friends.（二）陈述句变一

6、般疑问句：变一般，be(am/is/are)往前提Eg.(1)I am Linda.(2)He is Jack.(3)Her name is Rose.(4)This is a blue pen.（三）陈述句变否定句：变否定在 be(am/is/are)后加 not.即：am not,is not=isnt,are not=aren teg.1.Im Mike.2.She is Lucy.3.His name s Bob.4.That is a ruler.5.They are Mike and Bob.（四）对划线部分提问：划线提问的是特殊疑问句=疑问词+一般疑问句。常见疑问词有：what

7、什么（对名字/电话号码/职业/事物提问）what color 什么颜色how 怎么样（对身体状况/天气/交通方式等提问）who 谁（对人提问）where 哪里（对地点提问）how much 多少钱（对价格提问）when 什么时候（对时间提问）eg.1.I am fine.2.He is OK.3.My name is Eric.4.His first names Mike.5.The ruler is red.6.That is a pen.7.This is M.8.My telephone number is 13581262060.9.Her last name is Green.10.

8、Her telephone number is 13469901235.5.询问电话号码：-Whats your telephone number?你的电话号码是多少？-Whats her/his telephone number?她/他的电话号码是多少？It s 535-2375.6询问人的名字和姓氏：Whats your/his/her first name?你/他/她叫什么名字？Whats your/his/her last/family name?你/他/她姓什么？注意：在英语中，名在前，姓在后，与汉语相反。7在中国 in China 8.中学 middle school 9.写作练习

9、：（1）假如你是 Tony，请介绍自己和朋友。_（2）以第三人称介绍Dale 和他的朋友。_ Unit 2 Section A 1.介绍：(1)This is a book/an eraser(辅音音标开头的词前用a，元音音标开头的词前用an)(2)-This is my sister/brother/mother/father/grandmother/grandfather/friend/aunt/uncle（介绍别人单数用This is.）近指-That is her sister/brother/mother/father/grandmother/grandfather/friend/a

10、unt/uncle远指(3)-These are his sisters/brothers/parents/grandparents/friends/cousins.（介绍别人复数用 These are.）近指-Those are your sisters/brothers/parents/grandparents/friends.远指(4)单复数句型转换：单数this that she/he/it is a/an+单数名词复数these those they are 单数名词+S First name:Tony Last name:Smith Tel:232-4658 Friend:Fran

11、k White Tel:232-4856 First name:Dale Last name:Miller Tel:659-7430 Friend:Gina Brown Tel:659-3704 例题：单复数句型互换：1).His key is white.2).Is that your cousin?3).This is a dictionary.4).Those are oranges.5).These are English books.6).Are they your sisters?Section B 1.家谱 family tree 2.这儿是 Here is+单数名词/不可数名词

12、Here are+复数名词3.我的两张漂亮的全家福two nice photos of my family 我的全家福 a photo of my family=my family photo 4.在第一幅照片中in the first photo 5.在下一幅照片中in the next photo 6.在我家 in my family 7.狗的名字the name of my dog=my dogs name.的名字 the name of.Unit 3 语法：1.人称代词：主格、宾格（作主语为主格，作宾语为宾格;介+宾格）eg.1)I thank you 2)You thank me.2

13、物主代词：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。总结：一变(mymine);二留(hishis itsits)三加 s(youryours;ourours;herhers;theirtheirs)用法：有名不名，无名是名：形容词性物主代词+跟名词=名词性物主代词eg.1.This is _ book.This book is _.（I）2.Is _ your sister?Whats _ name?(she)3._ name is Tom._ is my brother.(he)4.This is _ mother._is a teacher.(she)5.-Are these _(you)key

14、s?-Yes,_(it)are.6.-Is the girl _(you)friend?Yes,_(her)is.7.This is a boy._ name is Jim._ is my friend.8.-Is the pen _(she)?-No,it isnt_(she)pen,its _(he).9.This is her ruler.=This ruler is_.10.Is that your backpack?=_?11.Are these their books?=_?知识点：Section A 1.excuse me劳驾；对不起；请原谅(常用于打扰别人之前)(I m)sor

15、ry.对不起（用于做错事/说错话之后的道歉用语）2.What/How about+名词/动名词/代词宾格？.怎么样？;.好吗？（询问消息或提出建议）3.Thank you for+名词/动名词=Thanks for+名词/动名词为.而感谢Thank you for your help.=Thanks for helping me.感谢你的帮助。4.You re welcome.不用谢 That s all right./Thats OK./Not at all.5.How do you spell it?=Spell it,please.（直接拼写）-Can you spell it,plea

16、se?(先回答 Yes再拼写)6.失物招领处 Lost and Found Section B 1.电子游戏 a computer game 2.在学校图书馆 in the school library 在教室里 in the classroom 3.向某人要某物 ask.for.4.给某人发电子邮件e-mail sb.at+邮箱地址打电话找某人 call sb.at+电话号码5.学生证 school ID card 一个身份证 an ID card 6.must+动词原形“必须.”7.一串钥匙 a set of keys a set of表示“一套”“一幅”等。如：一套书籍 a set of

17、 books 一套音乐 CD 唱片 a set of music CDs 8some 一些，某些（常用于肯定句中）any一些，某些（常用于否定句或一般疑问句中）Eg._ books are in the school library.-Are there _ keys on the desk?No,there arent_.Unit 4 语法：询问物体位置-Wheres+单数名词/不可数名词?-It s under/on/in the.-Where are+复数名词？-They are under/on/in the 1介词短语：（1）on在.上面如：on the sofa/desk/tabl

18、e/bed 在沙发/书桌/桌子/床上面on your head在你的头上on the teachers desk在讲台上（2）under在.下面如:under the bed/table/desk/chair/radio 在床/桌子/书桌/椅子/收音机下（3）in 在.里面如：in the schoolbag/bookcase/pencil box 在 书 包/书 柜/铅 笔 盒 里 面in your grandparents room在你祖父母的房间里in my room 在我的房间里2.快点，赶快（表示催促、鼓励、安慰等）come on=hurry up 3.对不起，我不知道Sorry,I

19、 dont know.你知道吗？Do you know?Section B 1.录音机 tape player 2.飞机模型 model plane 3.英语课本 an English book 4.英语中，把两个独立的短句用and 或 but 连接一个句子称为并列句。其中，and表示顺接“和，并且，而且，同时”的意思；but 表示转折，“但是，然而”的意思。Eg.We are here,_ youre there.My room is tidy,_ Marys room is not.5.到处；处处 everywhere=here and there Unit 5 语法：动词 have 的用

20、法(“有”，强调拥有或占有，是所属关系。)肯定句：I/We/You/They have.He/She/It/Gina/My brother has.否定句：I/We/You/They dont have.He/She/It/Gina/My brother doesnt have.一般疑问句：Do you/we/they have.?Yes,.do./No,.dont.Does he/she/it/Gina/your brother have.?Yes,.does./No,.doesnt特殊疑问句：What do you/they/we have?What does he/she/it/Gina

21、/your brother have?Eg.一、用 have/has填空：1.I _ a family.2.We _ a computer.You _ a computer,too.3.Jim and Tom _ a computer.4.Kate_a computer.5.His friend _ a story book.6.Does your father _ a car?二、把下面句子先改为否定句，然后变为一般疑问句并回答。1.I have a ping-pong ball.2.He has a computer.3.She has a tape player.4.They have

22、a baseball bat.5.My sister has some books.Section A 1.足球 soccer ball 2.网球 tennis ball 网球拍 tennis racket 3.乒乓球 ping-pong ball 乒乓球拍 ping-pong bat 棒球拍 baseball bat 4.Let s+动词原形=Let us+动词原形让我们.let sb.do sth.“让某人做某事”.对该祈使句所表示的建议肯定回答一般用OK./All right./Yes,lets.，否定回答一般用Sorry,I.等回答。OK./All right./Yes,lets.，否

23、定回答一般用 Sorry,I.等回答。我们走吧。Lets go。让我去拿它。Let me get it.我们去玩 Lets play.我们去问问吧。Lets ask.我们去打篮球吧。Lets play basketball.5.迟到 be late.迟到了 be late for.6.play 动词，表示“玩，打球、踢球”或“弹奏乐器”。注意：球类名词之前不加the，而乐器前面要加the.打网球 play tennis 打乒乓球 play ping-pong 踢足球 play soccer 打排球 play volleyball 打篮球 play basketball打棒球 play base

24、ball 进行体育运动或比赛play sports 玩电子游戏 play computer games 7.那听上去很有趣That sounds interesting.That sounds+形容词（interesting,fun,relaxing,good,boring，difficult）类似的表达法，look happy 看上去很高兴，sound like 听起来像，look like 看起来像。Section B 1.看电视 watch TV 在电视上观看它们watch them(sports)on TV watch 的用法，watch 作名词时，是“手表”，其复数为 watches

25、。watch 作动词讲，意思是“观看、注视”，在英语中看电视和看比赛不用see，而用watch（第三人称单数为watches）。看足球比赛 watch the football game 2.上同一所学校 go to the same school different schools不同的学校在同一所学校 in the same school 3.在学校 at school 在家 at home 4.with+名词/代词宾格“和，与，跟.一起”5.Its easy for me.这对我来说挺容易的。It s+adj.+for sb.to do sth.做某事对某人来说是.的。6.下课后 aft

26、er class 放学后 after school Unit 6 语法:一、可数名词与不可数名词：A、名词单数变复数主要有以下规则：1.绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式，是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。例：friend friends;catcats;sportsports;2.凡是以 s、x、ch、sh结尾的词，在该词末尾加上后辍-es 例：busbuses;box boxes;watch watches;class classes;3.以辅音字母+y 结尾的名词，将 y 改变为 i，再加-es。例：story stories strawberry strawberries;dictionary di

27、ctionaries;4.以-o 结尾的名词，如果不是外来词或缩写，就加-es，否则加-s 构成复数。（英雄爱吃土豆西红柿）例：heroheroes,tomato tomatoes;,potatopotatoes B不规则变化man men（男 人）,woman women（女 人）,.ChineseChinese(中 国 人)JapaneseJapanese(日本人),footfeet（脚）,toothteeth（牙齿）,childchildren（小孩）注意：以 man或 woman 为前缀的名词变复数时，前后两个名词都变成复数。例如：woman doctor women doctors,

28、man teacher men teachers.二、谈论喜好：1.一般疑问句：-Do you like?-Yes,I do.No,I dont.-Do they like?-Yes,they do.No,they dont.-Does he/she like?-Yes,he/she does.No,he/she doesnt.2.肯定句：3.否定句：I/We/You/They like.I/We/You/They dont like.He/She/It/Jane likes.He/She/It/Jane doesnt like.4.特殊疑问句：What do you/they like.?W

29、hat does he/she/it/Jane like?注意：like sth.喜欢.like doing sth.喜欢做某事（表习惯、爱好）like to do sth.喜欢做某事（表具体某一次喜欢）eg.I like playing soccer,but I dont like to play it now.练习：用所给词的适当形式填空：1.I _(like)_(tamato)and _(potato).2.We _(like)_(strawberry)and _(hamburger).3.They_(like)_(banana),but_(not like)_(apple).4.My

30、brother_(not like)_(salad),he_(like)_(ice-cream).5._Gina _(like)_(pear)?6.Let s _(have)_(milk)and _(bread).7.That _(sound)good.Section A 1.John 的生日晚餐Johns birthady dinner2.下周 next week 3.思考，考虑 think about 4.怎么样？what/how about 5.你说得对 Youre right=Right.好吧 all right=OK.不用谢谢；没关系Thats all right.=Thats OK

31、6.我认为.I think+从句注意：变否定句 I don t think+肯定句。Section B 1.体育明星 Sports star 2.吃得好 eat well 足球踢得好 play soccer well（不用 good）3.询问某人关于某事ask sb.about.4.饮食习惯 eating habits 5.早/中/晚餐吃什么？What do you like for breakfast/lunch/dinner?6.你喜欢吃什么水果？What fruit do you like?7.健康的 be healthy health n.healthy adj.8.最后一个问题 on

32、e last question 9.晚饭后 after dinner 10.想要变胖 want to be fat 想要做某事 want to do sth.补全对话:A:Hello,Linda!(1)_ eggs?B:Yes,I(2)_.What about you?A:I like eggs.And my mother likes eggs,too.(3)_ eggs?B:No,my mother does.She likes bread and milk for breakfast.(4)_ your mother?A:She likes chicken and French fries

33、.B:(5)_?A:Oh!My father likes hamburgers and ice cream.B:(6)_?A:No,he doesnt like carrots.He likes broccoli.Do you like broccoli?B:No,I dont.Unit 7 语法:一、询问价格How much is+单数名词/不可数名词？It s+.How much are+复数名词？Theyre.=Whats the price of+.?.多少钱？注意：中国货币单位为不可数名词，外国的货币单位是可数名词。二、基数词规律总结1.112 逐个记忆，1319 以-teen结尾,

34、几十以-ty 结尾，2199 先说整十加上连字符“”，再说个位数。例如：21 twenty-one 56 fifty-six 2.若是几百几十，百后跟and,再加上一位（两位）数。例如：528 five hundred and twenty_eight,101 one hundred and one Section A 1.我能帮你吗？（服务员提供服务用语）Can I help you?=What can I do for you?回答：Yes,please./No,thanks.2.需要某物 need sth.需要做某事 need to do sth.3.你想要什么颜色？What color

35、 do you want?4.它看起来很漂亮。It looks nice.Look+形容词“看起来.”5.我买下了。I ll take it/them.6.一双两美元 Two dollars for one pair.两双三美元 Three dollars for two pairs.一双袜子 a pair of socks 两双袜子 two pairs of socks 7.给你。Here you are.Section B 1.服装店 Clothes Store 2.来买.come and buy.来到.come to.3.大甩买 at our great sale 以优惠的价格 at v

36、ery good prices 促销中 on sale 4.只要15美元的毛衣 sweaters for only 15 dollars 5.对于男孩/女孩来说 for boys/girls 6.紫色的裙子 skirts in purple=purple skirts 7.一双黑色的校鞋 a pair of black shoes for school 运动鞋 shoes for sports=sports shoes 8.把.卖给.sell.to.从.买.buy.from.Unit 8 语法：一、when引导的特殊疑问句when对时刻、日期、月份、年等时间状语提问。Eg.1.My birth

37、day is in July.2.He plays baseball this week.二、基数词变序数词的规律英语中，用来表示事物的数目的词是基数词，用来表示事物顺序的词是序数词。那么基数词变序数的口诀是什么呢？根据所给基数词，写出相应的序数词。1.two 2.three 3.four _4.five _5.eight _ 6.nine 7.twelve _ 8.fifteen _9.twenty _10.thirty-one _ 注意：“基变序有规律，结尾字母是 th”，“一、二、三特殊记，结尾字母t,d,d”,“八去t，九去e,f要把ve替”，“ty将y变成i,th前面有个 e”,“几

38、十几，也好记，只变个位就可以”。注意：在基数词改为序数词时，多数都在基数词尾加th，但one,too,three 所对应的序数词依次为 first,second和third（即“结尾字母 t,d,d”）。eight在加 th时要去掉末尾字母t(eighteighth，即“八去 t”）；nine在加th时要去掉字母 e（nine ninth,即“九去e”)；以ve结尾在加 th时，应先把 ve用f换掉，然后再加 th。（如：fivefifth,twelve twelfth,即f要把ve替）；以ty结尾的基数词在变成序数词，应先将y变i，th前面还要加上字母e（如：twentytwentieth,

39、thirtythirtieth,ninetyninetieth等，即 ty把y变成 i，th前面还有一个 e）；类似twenty-four,twenty-six这样“几十几”的基数词在改为序数词时，只需变个位就可以了。如：twenty-four twenty-fourth,twenty-six twenty-sixth等。Section A 1.你的生日是什么时候？When is your birthday?=Whats th e date of your birth?回答：It s/My birthday is on/in.今天是什么日期？What s the date today?2.表时

40、间的介词的用法：in后接年、月、季节，上午、下午、晚上；on后接星期、具体某天或某天上午、下午、晚上；at后接具体的时刻。Eg._ Sunday,_ the morning of June,6th,_Teachers Day_ July1st of 2014,_the morning,_ September,_2014,_ spring(春天),_6:00 3.生日快乐！-Happy birthday.Thank you.新年快乐！-Happy New Year!你也一样！The same to you./You,too.4.你多大了？-How old are you?=Whats your

41、age?I m+基数词（years old）.他/她多大了？-How old is he/she?=Whats his/her age?He s/Shes.5.来参加我的生日聚会 come to my birthday party 6.想要做某事 want to do sth.7.今天下午 this afternoon Section B 1.举行学校郊游 have a school trip 举行学校活动日 have a School Day 2.举行篮球/排球/足球比赛 have a basketball/volleyball/soccer game 3.举行英语测试 have an En

42、glish test 举行英语节 have an English Day 举行英语聚会 have an English party 举行生日聚会 have a birthday party 4.举行体育节 have a Sports Day 5.举行艺术/音乐节 have an art festival/music festival 6.举行图书展销 have a book sale 7.这个学期 this term 8.next month next week next year 9.玩得开心have a good time=have fun 10.在上午/下午/晚上 in the morn

43、ing/afternoon/evening Unit 9 语法：特殊疑问句特殊疑问句=疑问词+一般疑问句。常见疑问词有：Why 为什么 what 什么（对名字/电话号码/职业/事物提问）what color 什么颜色 how 怎么样（对身体状况/天气/交通方式等提问）who 谁（对人提问）where 哪里（对地点提问）how much 多少钱（对价格提问）how old 多少岁 when 什么时候（对时间提问）Sectiona A 1.你最喜欢的学科是什么 Whats your favorite subject?=What subject do you like best?我最喜欢的学科是科学

44、。My favorite subject is science.=Science is my favorite subject.=I like science best.他/她最喜欢的学科是什么？What s his/her favorite subject?=What subject does he/she like best?他/她最喜欢的学科是.His/Her favorite subject is.=He/She likes.best.2.你为什么喜欢体育？-Why do you like P.E?因为.Because its.3.今天过得如何？How s your day?棒极了/还

45、行/不错Great./Its OK./Good.4.上体育课 have P.E.上课have a class/lesson 5.和某人一起玩游戏 play games with sb.6.你最喜欢星期几？Whats your favorite day?7.第二天 the next day 8.那是肯定的；确实是这样的。That s for sure.9.你的音乐老师是谁？Who s your music teacher?10.because 与so Section B 1.忙于做某事 be busy doing sth.忙于某事 be busy with sth.2.有用的 be useful 3.在那之后 after that 4.从.到.from.to.5.两个小时for two hours for表示“持续某段时间”6.某人是一个有意思的人。sb.is great/good fun.7.为.而感谢。Thank you for.8.那对你来说合适吗？Is that OK with you?（用来征求对方的意见，that 也可使用 this/it）