Business-English-translation解析优秀PPT.ppt
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1、Business english Business english translationtranslationAbout MeName:Dong Tong(Allen)Name:Dong Tong(Allen)Mobile Phone:156 6817 6251Mobile Phone:156 6817 6251E-mail:flydongtong163 E-mail:flydongtong163 General introduction of translationClassification of translation1.从涉及到的语言符号来分类,翻译分为语内翻译(intralingu
2、altranslation)、语 际 翻 译(interlingualtranslation)和 符 际 翻 译(intersemiotictranslation);所谓语内翻译,是指在同一语言内用一些语言符号去说 明 另 一 些 语 言 符 号,即 通 常 的“变 更 说 法”(rewording),如将古汉语翻译成现代汉语,将吴侬软语翻译成一般话,将黑话翻译成一般语言等。所谓语际翻译,是指在两种语言之间即用一种语言的符号去说明另一种语言的符号,即严格意义上的翻译。所谓符际翻译,是指用非语言符号系统说明语言符号,或用语言符号说明非语言符号,比如把旗语或手势变成言语表达。2.依据翻译主体的性质
3、,可以分为人工翻译与机器翻译(machine translation)3.依据翻译的工具和成品形式,可以分为口译与笔译 4.依据翻译的客体,即所译资料的性质,可以分为文学翻译(literary translation)与好用翻译(pragmatic translation)。前者包括诗歌、小说、戏剧等文学作品的翻译。着重情感内容和修辞特征的表达;后者包括科技、商务等资料的翻译,着重实际内容的表达。当然,两者可以作进一步的分类,如小说翻译、诗歌翻译、科技翻译、新闻翻译等。Principles or criteria for Translation 1898.YanFu faithfulness(
4、信),expressiveness(达)and elegance(雅).“译事三难:信、达、雅。求其信已大难矣,顾信矣不达,虽译犹不译也,则达尚焉。”“信达而外,求其尔雅。此不仅期以行远已耳,实则精理微言,”天演论译例言Approaches to translationLiteral translation VS Liberal translationExamples:1.Smashing a mirror is no way to make an ugly person beautiful,nor it is a way to make social problems evaporate.2
5、.I gave my youth to the sea and I came home and gave my wife my old age.249The development of translation(in China):1.Sutra translation in China 佛经翻译 始于东汉桓帝建和二年,安世高,安眠人(波斯人)苻秦时代,天竺人鸠摩罗什翻译了金刚般若波罗密经、妙法莲华经等384卷佛经,译文妙趣盎然。他主见意译,并提倡译者署名。梁武帝邀请真谛(天竺人)来华译经传教,所译摄大乘论影响最大。唐朝,玄奘(唐三藏,唐僧),“既须求真又须喻俗”2 Scientific tr
6、anslation in late Ming Dynasty 明末科技翻译3.The translation of western sociology works 清末西学译介4.Translation in the 20th century(世纪年头起,西学东渐风气日炽,翻译事业进入了蓬勃发展时期。很多学子负笈欧美,译著颇丰,门类包括诗歌、小说、剧本等,译著按国别划分为苏俄、美国、英国、法国、德国、日本等等。)5.Translation after 19496.Translation since reform and opening upQuestionWhat is the nature
7、of translation?In a word,what is translation?Eugene A.Nida,a famous American translation theorist,holds that“translating is far more than a science.It is also a skill,and in the ultimate analysis fully satisfactory translation is always an art.”That is to say,translation is largely a matter of pract
8、ice.But such cases often occur that one buries himself in actual practical work all day long yet the result is far from being satisfactory.Thus theories and general principles of translation come to the scene.We all agree that theory is the guide to action,serving as a torch to show the way for trav
9、elers to their destination,without which one would grope in the dark or come to lots of twists and turns.Yet,any theory,no matter how good it is or how refined it appears,if we do not integrate it with practice,it would be useless,a castle in the air.General introduction of business English1.1.Defin
10、ition:Definition:商商务务英英语语是是应应用用于于商商务务、经经贸贸等等领领域域,涵涵盖盖各各种种商商务务活活动动内内容容,满满足足商商业业沟沟通通须须要要的的专专业业英英语语。它它是是英英语语的的一一种种功功能能变变体体,是是特特地地用用途途英英语语(English English for for Specific Specific PurposesPurposes)中中的的一一个个分分支支,适适于于各各种种商商务务活活动动中中应应用用。这这些些商商业业活活动动包包括括技技术术引引进进、对对外外贸贸易易、招招商商引引资资、对对外外劳劳务务承承包包与与合合同同、国国际际金金融融
11、、涉涉外外保保险险、国国际际旅旅游游、海海外外投资、国际运输等等。投资、国际运输等等。2.2.Business Business English English and and ordinary ordinary English:English:商商务务英英语语源源于于一一般般英英语语,并并以以一一般般英英语语为为基基础础。由由于于商商务务英英语语源源于于一一般般英英语语,因因此此,商商务务英英语语完完全全具具有有一一般般英英语语的的语语言言学学特特征征。与与此此同同时时,商商务务英英语语又又是是商商务务学学问问和和英英语语的的综综合合,因因而而又又具具有有独独特特性性。商商务务英英语语是是在
12、在特特定定语语境境下下运运用用的的具具有有很很强强功功能能性性的专业英语。的专业英语。3.Characteristics of Business English3.Characteristics of Business English1 1)运用大量的专业词汇和具有商务含义的一般词)运用大量的专业词汇和具有商务含义的一般词商商务务语语言言在在词词汇汇运运用用上上的的最最大大特特点点就就是是对对专专业业词词汇汇的的精精确确运运用用,因因此此其其中中含含有有大大量量专专业业词词汇汇、具具有有商商务务含含义义的的一一般般词词 ,这些专业语汇须要通过专业学习才能驾驭。,这些专业语汇须要通过专业学习才能
13、驾驭。商商务务英英语语翻翻译译的的基基本本要要求求:不不仅仅要要熟熟悉悉和和理理解解大大量量用用于于商商务务交交际际的的专专业业词词汇汇,还还要要正正确确翻翻译译商商务务语语境境下下出出现现的的意意义义不同的专业词汇。例如:不同的专业词汇。例如:offer报价发盘counter-offer还盘Insurancepolicy保险单CIF到岸价格FOB离岸价格liabilities债务Theduplicateshippingdocumentsincludingbilloflading,invoice,packing list and inspection certification wereair
14、mailedtoyoutoday.包括提单、发票、装箱单和检验证书的装运副本今日航邮贵处。Atpresent,wecannotentertainyourcounteroffer,asourpriceisquitereasonable.因我们的价格订得相当合理,故目前不准备考虑贵方的还盘。Yourclaimshouldbesupportedbysufficientevidence.误译:你方断言须有充分的证据。正译:你方索赔须有充分的证据。Lotlabels:labelsattachedtoeachpieceofmultiplelotshipmentforidentificationpurpos
15、es.误译:大宗标签:给多批货物每件贴上标签以便于识别正译:货票标签:给多批货物每件贴上标签以便于识别The companys main activities are manufacturing,marketing,anddistribution.该公司的主要业务是制造、营销和销售。2)缩略语缩略语(abbreviations)were frequently used由于商务交往中省时、省力原则的实际须要,随由于商务交往中省时、省力原则的实际须要,随着商务交往的频繁开展,商务专业术语以约定俗着商务交往的频繁开展,商务专业术语以约定俗成的缩略语形式大量涌现,被业内人士所熟知。成的缩略语形式大量涌
16、现,被业内人士所熟知。YR TLX 28 TH RCVD.28日来电收悉。日来电收悉。VC(Venture Capital)风险投资,简称风投风险投资,简称风投 罗永浩罗永浩VS王自如王自如NYSE(New York Security Exchange)纽约证券交易所POD(Port of destination)目的港(cash on delivery)货到付现M/V (merchant vessel)商船WT (weight)重量3)用词正式、精确(formal and accurate words)tax tariffbe familiar with acquaint 另:assign(
17、转让)、construe(说明)、effect(实现)、terminate(结束;终止)、levy(征收;征税)、partake(参与)、utilize(利用)Ex.1 To acquaint you with the Light Industrial Goods we handle,we are sending you,by separate airmail,a commodity list and several sample books for your reference.为使贵方熟悉我方经营的轻工产品,另航寄商品书目和部分样品说明书以供参考。Ex.2 The new manager
18、effected several changes in the company.新来的经理在公司里促成了好几次改革。Ex.3 Negotiations terminated yesterday.昨天谈判结束了。4).4).喜喜 用用 长长 句句 和和 困困 难难 句句 式式 (Long(Long and and complex complex sentences)sentences)EX1.EX1.This This contract contract can can only only be be altered,altered,amended amended or or supplemen
19、ted supplemented in in accordance accordance with with documents documents signed signed and and sealed sealed by by authorized authorized representatives representatives of both parties.of both parties.本本合合同同只只能能依依据据双双方方授授权权代代表表签签名名盖盖章章的的文文件件进进行行修修改改或增补。或增补。EX2.If,whether during the execution ofthe
20、 works or aftertheircompletionandwhetherbeforeoraftertherepudiationr,pjudenorotherterminationofthecontractbetweentheEmployerandtheContractorarisesanydisputeinconnetionwith,orarisingoutof,theContractortheexecutionoftheworks,including any disagreement byeither partywith anyaction,inaction,opinion,inst
21、ruction,determination,certificateorvaluationoftheEngineer,themattershall,inthefirstplace,bereferredtotheDisputesReviewBoard.无论是在工程执行过程中,还是在工程完成以后,也无论是在放弃合同或其他终止合同之前或者之后,假如业主与承包商之间出现任何与合同或工程执行有关的或因合同或工程执行而引发的争端,包括任何一方对工程师的任何行动、不行动、看法、指示、确定、证书或评价所产生的异议,那么该争端应首先提交争端审核委员会(简洁说明为在工地解决争议的委员会)。5).5).时态简洁、修辞
22、单调、大量运用逻辑连词时态简洁、修辞单调、大量运用逻辑连词商商务务英英语语最最常常用用的的时时态态是是一一般般现现在在时时、一一般般过过去去时时和和一一般般将将来来时时,有有时时会会用用到到现现在在进进行行时时、现现在在完完成成时时和和过过去去完完成成时时;商商务务英英语语要要求求正正式式严严谨谨,比比较较重重视视事事实实依依据据和和逻逻辑辑依依次次,所所以以很很少少运运用用修修辞辞手手段段,但但大大量量运运用用逻逻辑辑连连词词,如如meanwhile,meanwhile,further,further,furthermore,furthermore,likewise,likewise,alt
23、hough,although,instead,instead,but,but,nevertheless,nevertheless,though,though,however,however,in in consequence,consequence,owing owing to,to,due due to,to,caused caused by,by,assuming,assuming,supposing,supposing,provided,provided,providing,providing,if if only only 等。等。4.Criteria for Business Eng
24、lish Translation刘法公:忠实(faithfulness)、精确(exactness)、统一(consistency)Consistency:Marketingoccurswhenpeopledecidetosatisfyneedsand wantsthrough exchange.Exchangeistheactofobtaining a desired object from someone by offeringsomething in return.Exchange is only one of manywayspeoplecanobtainadesiredobject.
25、Exchangeisthecoreconceptofmarketing.Foranexchange to take place,several conditions must besatisfied.Of course,at least two parties mustparticipate,andeachmusthavesomethingofvaluetotheother.Ecahpartyalsomustwanttodealwiththeotherpartyandeachmustbefreetoacceptorrejectthe others offer.Finally,each part
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