初中英语人教版八年级下册语法课件.ppt

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1、已学习过的时态,1.v原形 2.v+s/es（三单现）,am/is/are+v-ing,1.will/shall+v原形2.am/is/are going to +v原,1.v-ed（规则动词）2.不规则动词,was/were+v-ing,判断下列句子的时态,1.She works in a factory.2.I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.3.We are going to have a picnic this Sunday.4.They held a sports meeting last week.5.Are you hel

2、ping your mother ?,一般现在时,过去进行时,一般将来时,一般过去时,现在进行时,现在完成时态,Present Perfect Tense,现在完成时态的用法,表示已完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,现在完成时态,一、结构： 二、句式： 三、用法及标志词： 四、注意事项：,动词的过去分词形式,1.规则动词2.不规则动词,finish-finished-finishedlive-lived-livedcarry-carried-carriedstopstopped-stopped,Eg.,gowentgonesee-sawseenforgetforgot-forgotten,

3、一、过去式和过去分词的变化相同规则变化：1. 一般在动词词尾直接加ed。如： pick picked picked; wish wished wished; stay stayed stayed2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词后面加d。如：like liked liked; hope hoped hoped; phone phoned phoned,3. 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed。如： study studied studied; hurry hurried hurried; reply replied replied4. 词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，要双写

4、辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop stopped stopped; clap clapped clapped,不规则变化：p1365. 以不变应万变。如： let let let; put put put; read read read6. 若中间有双写e，则去掉一个e，单词末尾再加t。如： feel felt felt; keep kept kept; sleep slept slept,7. 结尾的字母d变t。如： lend lent lent; build built built; send sent sent8. 变为以-ought或-aught结尾。如： buy bought bo

5、ught; bring brought brought; catch caught caught; teach taught taught,【精点分析】,一、现在完成时态的结构：,主语+ have / has + 动词过去分词 (注：过去分词规则变化方式同过去式，不规则变化见不规则动词表),例：I have finished my homework. He has found his pen.,二、现在完成时态的句式：,1、 陈述句： We have seen the film before. She has learned 2000 words.,2、一般问句及简略回答： Have you

6、seen the film before? Yes, we have. No, we havent. Has she learned 2000 words? Yes, she has. No, she hasnt.,3、否定句：We havent seen the film.She hasnt learned 2000 words.,三、现在完成时态的用法：,标志词:,already :多用于陈述句，位于have/has后，有时位于句尾。例：I have already finished my homework. yet : 用于疑问句和否定句，位于句尾。 例：Have you found y

7、our lost book yet ? I havent had breakfast yet.,ever : 多用于疑问句.例Has your father ever spoken to a foreigner? never :用于否定句，位于have/has后例：Weve never met such a tall man.,just : 多用于陈述句，位于have/has后 例：Lucy has just washed her clothes.,before :可用于各句式，位于句尾。 例：I have read this book before. He hasnt been abroad

8、 before. Have you flown to Hainan before?,b. 无标志词的：例: He is not feeling well now. He has caught a cold.I have lost the key. I cant go into my room.,根据要求完成各题，每空一词(含缩略形式)。1. I have already bought a book in this store. (改一般疑问句)_ you _ a book in this store _? 2. Has Tim taken the medicine? (作肯定回答)_, _ _

9、.3. Have they decided to take a long journey? (作否定回答)_, _ _.4. Jill has already told her mother the truth of the matter. (改为否定句)Jill _ _ her mother the truth of the matter _.5. Tony didnt stop looking for his lost cat. (改为同义句)Tony didnt _ _ looking for his lost cat.,Have,bought,yet,Yes he has,No the

10、y havent,hasnt told,yet,give up,四、 使用现在完成时应注意的问题：,1.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别,1） 一般过去时表示过去的事实，强调动作发生的时间、地点、方式； 2）而现在完成时表示过去动作与现在的关系，强调对现在的影响或产生的结果,例：1）I had my lunch at twelve at school. 我十二点在学校吃的午饭。 (强调吃饭的时间、地点，不涉及现在情况) 2） I have had my lunch. 我吃过午饭了。 (强调吃饭对现在的影响是饱了，不须再吃了)3）When / Where did you have it? 什么时候

11、/ 在哪儿吃的？ (不管问时间还是地点，都与现在无关，故用一般过去时）,Practice,中考真题展示,一、根据句义和所给汉语提示，完成下列单词：1.Has he finished his homework ?(已经）2.She has (从未）been late for school .3. The old man (没吃) breakfast yet.4.My father (刚刚离开) Beijing .5.I am sorry I (忘）my book at home.6.He has (买）a bike like this before.7.They have (借） many bo

12、oks from the new library.,yet,never,hasnt had,has just left,have left,bought,borrowed,Exercises,4a Use the words in brackets to complete the conversations.1. A: Would you like something to drink? B: No, thanks. _. (just/ drink some tea)2. A: I heard you lost your key. _? (find) B: No, not yet.,I hav

13、e just drunk some tea,Have you found it,3. A: Do you know when Tom is leaving? B: _. (already/ leave) A: When _?(leave) B: This morning.4. A: Is your sister going to the movies with us tonight? B: No. _. (already/ see the film)5. A: What do your parents think about our plan? B: I _. (not/ tell them/

14、yet),He has already left,did he leave,She has already seen the film,havent told them yet,4b Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the brackets. Sally _ (love) reading. In the morning she reads the newspaper and in the evening she reads books. She _ already _ (read) more than 100

15、different books. Her favorite kind of books is science fiction. She is interested in science and technology and loves to imagine what the world _ (be) like in 50 years.,loves,has,read,will be,She _ (finish) reading a book about robots last week and _ (write) a book report about it next week for her

16、French class. Every time she is in the library, Sally looks at the many books she _ (not read) yet and she cant wait to read them.,finished,will write,hasnt read,( )【2013广西贵港】 Do you know the movie Lost in Thailand? Yes. I _ it twice. Its funny. A. saw B. see C. have seen D. will see,C,中考链接,( )【2013

17、黑龙江牡丹江】 Lunch? No, thanks. I_. A. will eat B. am eating C. have eaten( )【2013 湖北黄冈】 Where is Tom? We cant find him anywhere. Perhaps he _ home. A. has come B. is going C. went D. was going,C,A,二、选择题：1.Have you had your lunch? A. Yes, I have had it at 11:30 B. Yes, I had had it at 11:30 C. Yes, I had

18、 it at 11:30 D. Yes, I have it at 11:302.Dont worry. The police your lost son. A. found B. were found C. are finding D. have found3. - Would you like to see Hobbit III with me? - Sorry. I _ the film before . A. saw B. have seen C. see D. will see4.-Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So her parents.A. hasB.

19、haveC. did D. are,B,D,B,B,三、翻译:1.我已经读完了这本书。 2.她尚未吃早饭。3.李莉刚好擦了黑板。 4.你以前见过他吗？ 5.我们已经学了500个英语单词 。6.他 从未打过排球。,I have already finished reading the book.,She hasnt eaten breakfast yet.,Li Li has just cleaned the blackboard.,Have you seen him before?,We have learned 500 English words.,He has never played volleyball.,