公开课课件定语从句.ppt
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1、,Welcome to our class,观察英汉的差异1.墙上的画 2.一个擅长英语的男孩 3.那个正在做作业的女孩,(前置定语),(后置定语),(前置定语),(前置定语),(后置定语),(后置定语),the pictures on the wall,a boy good at English,the girl doing her homework,英汉定语位置的差异:,汉语的定语习惯放在被修饰语的前面,也就是前置定语,但在英语中,既有前置定语又有后置定语,其中后置定语是较为复杂的也是常给中国学生带来理解和表达障碍的一种定语表现形式。若短语(常见的是形容词短语,介词短语或非谓语动词)或从句
2、作定语时常位于被修饰语的后面。,练习:找出下面句子中的后置定语,1. People there like dancing.2. English is one of the official languages used in India.3. They are taking care of the crop on the farm.,英汉定语句式调整,英语和汉语的语序是有差别的,汉语的定语都是位于被修饰语的前面,英语不仅有前置定语,更多更复杂的是它的后置定语。定语从句属于后置定语。对汉语的调整可以帮助写出含有定语从句的句子。,1.图片中的玫瑰 (前置定语) 调整为后置定语 The roses
3、in the picture (后置定语)扩展成句子:我喜欢图片中的玫瑰 (前置定语) 调整为后置定语 I like the roses in the picture.(后置定语), 玫瑰在图片中的,我喜欢玫瑰在图片中的,2.一个怕黑的孩子 孩子怕黑的a child afraid of darkness扩展成句子:他是个怕黑的孩子。他是个孩子怕黑的.He is a child afraid of darkness.,3.那个正在弹钢琴的女孩 那个女孩正在弹钢琴的 The girl playing the piano扩展成句子:那个正在弹钢琴的女孩是我同学。那个女孩正在弹钢琴的是我同学。 The
4、 girl playing the piano is my classmate.,先找出下面句子的定语和中心词,调整后翻译成英语 :1.地板上的钥匙是我的。2.他是教我数学的老师。调整为:1.钥匙在地板上是我的。2.他是我的老师教我数学。翻译:1.The key on the floor is mine2.He is my teacher teaching me maths./ He is my teacher who teaches me maths.,定语从句的来源,定语从句的来源为初中阶段所学的adj.或adj.短语,介词短语,副词或副词短语,非谓语动词短语所作的作后置定语的还原形式。在
5、其前面加上相应的关系代词和be动词就成定语从句。定语从句修饰的对象在英语中叫先行词,引导定语从句的引导词叫关系代词或关系副词。关系代词 1.指人:who whom 2.指物: which 3. 既指人又指物 that whose(表示所属关系)as.,关系代词+ be + 后置定语短语定语从句1. the roses in the picture the roses which is in the picture 2. a child afraid of darkness a child who is afraid of darkness3. the girl playing the pian
6、o the girl who is playing the piano,练习:把下面句子中的后置定语改成定语从句。1. They are enjoying the pictures on the wall. 2. He is a boy good at English.3. Nobody knows the boy playing football.答案:1. They are enjoying the pictures which are on the wall. 2. He is a boy who is good at English.3. Nobody knows the boy wh
7、o is playing football.,关系代词与关系副词巧判断关系代词 1.指人:who whom 2.指物: which 3. 既指人又指物 that whose(表示所属关系)as.关系代词具有代词的语法功能,即作主语,宾语,表语。常代替先行词在从句中的位置,但要放在从句的前面。关系副词有when, where, why, that(表示方式,常省略)。关系副词具有副词的语法功能, 即作状语。常代替先行词在从句中的位置,但要放在从句的前面。,例如:1.This is the hospital that his daughter visited yesterday.2.This is
8、 the hospital where his daughter works.3.This is the hospital that his daughter works in.,关系代词与关系副词巧判断,方法:把空格去掉如先行词和从句组成完整的句子就用关系代词,否则就用关系副词。例如:1.This is the mountain village I visited last year. 2.This is the mountain village I lived last year.注意:当定语从句中有主语时,先行词要么放在动词后要么放在介词后。,关代,关副,which/that/-,whe
9、re,This is the factory _ makes shoes.This is the factory _ his father works.This is the factory _ we visitedyesterday.Please tell me the reason _you are late.He has told me the reason_canexplain his absence(缺席) from the meeting. The reason _he told us wasnot true.,which/that,where,which/that/-,why,w
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