新编大学英语第一册Unit4课件(浙大版).ppt

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1、Fresh StartFresh Start“And yet not a dream,but amightyrealityaglimpseofthehigherlife,thebroaderpossibilitiesof humanity,whichisgrantedtothemanwho,amidthe rush and roar of living,pausesfourshortyearstolearnwhatlivingmeans.”W.E.B.DuBoisFreshStartFreshStartASpeechTheDoorsthatareOpentoUsAStoryCollegeLif

2、eAFlash“IntheClassroom”VideoClipProverbsandSayingsIntroductionIntroductionIflifewereapieceofcolorfuldrawing,collegelifewouldbeoneofthebrightestcolors.Iflifewereameaningfulpoem,collegelifewouldbeoneofthemostbeautifulwords.Collegelifeisanespeciallyimportantperiodoftime.DirectionsDirectionsListentothef

3、ollowingextractofaspeechandhaveadiscussion.ASpeechTheDoorsthatareOpentoUsFreshStart“TheDoorsThatAreOpentoUs”HongYe“机会之门就在前方”DiscussionQuestionsHowmanydoorsarethereinthecollegelife?Whatarethey?Whatsthefirstdoorforyouinyourcollegelife?TheDoorsThatAreOpentoUsGoodmorning,ladiesandgentlemen,thetitleofmys

4、peechtodayis“TheDoorsThatAreOpentoUs.”Theotherdaymyauntpaidmeavisit.Shewasoverjoyed.“Igotthehighestmarkonthemid-termexamination!”shesaid.Dontbesurprised!Myauntisindeedastudent,tobeexact,acollegestudentattheageof45.ThefirstdoorIseeistheopportunitytostudydifferentkindsofsubjectsthatinterestus.Myauntsa

5、idshewashappytostudymanagement,butshewasalsohappythatshecouldattendlecturesonancientChinesepoetryandonShakespearedrama.Asformyself,IamanEnglishmajor,butImayalsogotolecturesonhistory.Tome,ifcollegeeducationinthepastemphasizedspecialization,now,itemphasizesfreeandwell-roundeddevelopmentofeachindividua

6、l.Soallthefineachievementsofhumancivilizationareopentous.ListeningScriptListentoastoryandtrytoanswerquestions.AStoryFreshStartQuestions:1.WhatscoresdidthespeakerhaveonherDecembercard?2.Whatwasthelessonlearnedafterhertrickhadbeenexposed?3.Whodoyouthinkcalledthespeakersmother?ThreeCs,twoDs,andanF.Sheh

7、aslearnedtomakethegrade,nottochangeitonthecard.Herteacher.ListeningScriptMyparentswerealwaystellingmetoraisemygrades,buttheywouldnevertellmehow.Aftergettingonebadreportcardafteranother,IknewIhadtodosomethingdrastic.WhenmyDecembercardarrivedwiththreeCs,twoDs,andanF,Iwasafraidtoshowittomymother.Thatsw

8、henIcameupwiththebrilliantideaofchangingtheFtoanA.ItwasreallyquitesimplejusttogivetheFanotherleg.WhenIshowedthecardtomymother,shewasveryexcitedtoseetheonegoodgrade.Shegavemeahugandakissand,mostimportantofall,abiggerallowance.Everyonewashappyinmyhouseuntiltwonightslaterwhenthephonerang.Mymotheranswer

9、edit,listened,andthenlookedatmewithbloodinhereyes.Shetoldmethatthereweresomethingsmuchworsethanfailing,andthatcheatingwasoneofthem.Itriedtoargue.Isaidshewastheonewhohadtoldmetochangemygrades.Thatmadeherreallyangry,andshesaidthatIknewthatsnotwhatshehadmeant.Thenshegave me a whipping and took away my

10、allowance for amonth.Since then I have learned to make the grade,notchangeitonthecard.Enjoytheflashandtrytomakeupastoryaccordingtoit.AFlash“IntheAFlash“IntheClassroom”Classroom”CollegeLifeVideoClipWhichuniversityistheoneinyourdream?Why?Whatdoyouexpectyourcollegelifetobe?Isthatthesameasinthemovie?Vid

11、eoClipClick the pictureProverbsProverbsandSayingsandSayingsLivetolearn,notlearntolive.FrancisBacon活着就要学习，学习不是为了活着。活着就要学习，学习不是为了活着。Themoreyoustudy,themoreyouwillfindyourselfignorant.ReneDescartes学，然后知不足。学，然后知不足。Toreadwithoutreflectingislikeeatingwithoutdigesting.EdmundBurke学而不思，犹如食而不化。学而不思，犹如食而不化。Doy

12、ourememberyourfirstcampusvisit,registration(注注册册)orthefirstdayofclasses?Howdidyoufeel?Andwhydidyougetthatkindoffeeling?vIfeltexcitedwhenIcametothecampusforthefirsttime.Itwassobigandbeautifultallbuildings,lovelyflowersandtrees,andgrandlawns.Welcomingsloganscouldbeseenhereandthere.Andinspiringmusicfro

13、mtheloudspeakersaddedtomyexcitement.Spaciousasitis,thecampuswascrowdedwithfreshmenlikeme,theirbusyparents,teachersandstudentswhowerehelpingwithourregistration.SuddenlyIfeltthatIwasnolongermymomsbaby;Iwasanadult!Iwasoverwhelmedwithprideandexcitement.Doyourememberyourfirstcampusvisit,registration(注注册册

14、)orthefirstdayofclasses?Howdidyoufeel?Andwhydidyougetthatkindoffeeling?vIfeltatalosswhenIfirstcametotheuniversity.ThecampuswassobigthatIwasafraidIwouldgetlostifleftalone.It seemed to be messy and noisy everywhere,withthousandsofpeoplecomingandgoing.Ifeltalittledizzyandtiredafterawholedaysjourneybytr

15、ain.AllIcoulddowastofollowmyparentshereandthere,notknowingwhattodoandwhattosay.Doyourememberyourfirstcampusvisit,registration(注注册册)orthefirstdayofclasses?Howdidyoufeel?Andwhydidyougetthatkindoffeeling?vIstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheuniversity.Afterregistration,myparentsleftandIfoundmyselfst

16、andingaloneinaplaceIhadneverbeenbefore.Itseemedthateveryoneoncampuswaswatchingme.IwasfeelingsoillateasethatIevenfounditdifficulttogathermyself.WhenIcamebacktomydorm,my roommateswere busy making their beds.I just satthereandbegantothinkofmyparents.ThesenseoflonelinesswassostrongthatIthoughtIwasgoingt

17、ocry.HowIfeltthefirstdayoncampus.(Para.1)1)I was wondering what I was doing.2)I was standing pitifully.3)It seemed that everyone on campus was watching me.4)I hoped no one would notice I was a freshman.MistakesImadeonmyfirstclassdayandmyreaction(Para.27)1)The first mistake I made:I went to the wrong

18、 class.(Para.24)2)The second mistake I made:I stepped in a puddle of ketchup,dropped the food tray and fell to the ground.(Para.56)3)My reaction:I felt ashamed.(Para.7)Themistakemadebyanothercollegestudent:healsodroppedthefoodtrayandfelltotheground.(Para.8)His reaction to it:He seemed to feel that n

19、othing serious had happened.Myreflectionsonmakingmistakes(Para.912)1)It didnt matter if one made mistakes in college.(Para.911)2)Making mistakes is forgivable even after graduation.(Para.12)1.IdecidedIwantednothingmorethantofindmywaysafelytomydormroom.(Line2)wantnothingmorethantodo只想做只想做Shetoldmeatt

20、heotherendofthetelephonelinethatshewantednothingmorethantolistentomyvoiceagain.她在电话的那一端告诉我她只想再听听我的声音。目前，我只想把英语学好，通过四级考试。Now,I want nothing more than to studyEnglishwellandpasstheCET-4.我我决决定定我我最最想想做做的的就就是是要要好好好好地地回回到寝室。到寝室。1.IdecidedIwantednothingmorethantofindmywaysafelytomydormroom.(Line2)2.Ipiledm

21、ytraywithsandwichesandwasheadingfortheseatwhenIaccidentallysteppedinalargepuddleofketchup.(Line16)when在此句中表示在此句中表示 “这这时时 （突然）（突然）”。表此意时，表此意时，when 往往放在句中。往往放在句中。所所引引导导的的从从句句的的动动作作与与主主句句的的动动作作同同时时发生。这时也可以用发生。这时也可以用as或或while。Sheenteredtheroomwhen(while,as)themeetingwasgoingon.正当开会的时候她走进了房间。when的三种用法：的三

22、种用法：所所引引导导的的从从句句的的动动作作先先于于主主句句动动作。这时不能用作。这时不能用as,while替换。替换。当我起床的时候，发现桌子上有张纸条。WhenIgotup,Ifoundanoteonthetable.表表 示示“这这 时时（突突 然然）”I was walking along the road whensuddenly someone patted me on theshoulderfrombehind.我正在路上走着，这时忽然有人从后面拍我的肩膀。2.IpiledmytraywithsandwichesandwasheadingfortheseatwhenIaccide

23、ntallysteppedinalargepuddleofketchup.(Line16)我我往往托托盘盘里里装装了了些些三三明明治治就就朝朝座座位位走走去去。就在这时，我无意中踩了一大滩番茄酱。就在这时，我无意中踩了一大滩番茄酱。3.IlookeduptofindthatanotherpoorsoulhadmetthesamefateasIhad.（Line33）tofindthat此处表示结果状语，可理解为此处表示结果状语，可理解为“结结果却发现果却发现”。不定式的主要功能之一就是作不定式的主要功能之一就是作结果状语结果状语，这时不定式表示的动作往往在谓语动作这时不定式表示的动作往往在谓语

24、动作之后发生。另外，不定式前也常加之后发生。另外，不定式前也常加only引出结果。引出结果。Afewdayslaterhecamebackonlytofindthatthetroopshadleft.他几天后回来时，发现部队已经离开了。Hestudiedhardonlytofail.他学习很努力，但却没及格。下下列列形形容容词词是是对对人人进进行行表表扬扬或或批批评评的的，后后面面常接不定式表示结果。常接不定式表示结果。right,polite,crazy,generous,good,greedy,kind,selfish,silly,nice,unselfish,splendid,unkin

25、d,etc.【例例】Sheisverypolitetoshowustheway.她很有礼貌地给我们指路。她很有礼貌地给我们指路。他很慷慨，借给我们一大笔钱。Heisgenerous_.她醒来了，发现自己被锁在一个房间里。Sheawoke_.tolendusalargesumofmoneytofindherselflockedinaroom我我抬抬头头看看见见一一个个可可怜怜的的家家伙伙遭遭遇遇了了和和我我一样的命运。一样的命运。3.IlookeduptofindthatanotherpoorsoulhadmetthesamefateasIhad.（Line33）4.College,Idecid

26、ed,wasprobablytheonlytimeIwouldbecompletelyforgivenforanymistakes.（Line47）Itistheonlytime+从句从句 (唯唯 一一)做做 的的时间时间/阶段阶段童年是我们一生中唯一没有烦恼的一段时期。Childhoodis_.Presidencywastheonlytimehewouldratherneverforget.那段总统任期是他永远也不想忘记的唯一的一段时期。theonlytimewehavenoworriesinourlives在在我我看看来来，大大学学阶阶段段可可能能会会是是自自己己犯犯任任何何错误都可以得到

27、完全谅解的唯一一个阶段。错误都可以得到完全谅解的唯一一个阶段。4.College,Idecided,wasprobablytheonlytimeIwouldbecompletelyforgivenforanymistakes.（Line47）1.hesitation(Line7,Para.2)n.waitingandnotdeciding犹豫Aqualifiedsoldiershould_.一名合格的士兵应该在战场上勇往直前。He _ in whether or not sentencing thecaptivestodeath.在是否要处死这些战俘的问题上，他有些犹豫不决。marchforw

28、ardonbattlefieldwithouthesitationfeltsomehesitation2.await(Line7,Para.2)和wait的词义辨析DontwaitifIamlate.两词均含有“等待”之意。ManyenthusiasticfanswerewaitingforfamoussingerJayChowtoarriveattheairport.wait(vi.)着重指静候于某处，直到期待之人、物或事物的来临或出现。很少用作及物动词。许多热心的歌迷正在机场等待着著名歌手周杰伦的到来。万一我来晚了，不要等我。await(vt.)有时可与wait互换，但await的语气更为

29、正式，常用于书面语中，往往着重指不断等待认为必然会出现的人或事，有时含耐心之意。Successnevercomestothosewhoawaititidly.成功决不会降临到那些坐等的人身上。Allpeoplewereawaitingtheirkingtoreturn.所有的民众都在等待着他们的国王的归来。请用请用 “wait”或或 “await”两词的适当形式填空。两词的适当形式填空。Hiswifeneverkeepshim_.Ill_youinthecar.Anespeciallygooddinner_usattheinn.waitingwaitforawaited3.breakout(L

30、ine10,Para.3)suddenlybecomecovered(especiallywithspotsontheskin)被突然布满Shebrokeoutincoldsweatafterhearingthehorriblenews.听到那个可怕的消息后她出了一身冷汗。Spots(皮疹)brokeoutonhisbackduetohisallergy(过敏).因为过敏，他的背上长满了皮疹。Shegropedforhercellphoneinherbag.Batman_,tryingtofindthebuttonoftheexit.4.grope(Line10,Para.3)vi.feelw

31、iththehand摸索她在包里摸她的手机。蝙蝠侠在黑暗中摸索出口的按钮。gropedaroundinthedark5.schedule(Line11,Para.3)n.a list of planned activities or things to be doneatorduringaparticulartime日程表The next thing on the famous singers schedule is toattendanewsconferenceinanearbyhotel.这位著名歌星日程安排中要做的下一件事是去附近的一家酒店出席一个新闻发布会。Thenewtrainsch

32、eduleisavailableeverywhereintherailwaystation.新的列车时刻表在火车站处处都有。本次火车定于下午8点45到达,但现在却晚点20分钟。Thetrainarriveat8:45pm,butitsrunningtwentyminuteslate.v.美 排定，安排5.schedule(Line11,Para.3)isscheduledto6.settle(Line14,Para.4)v.1)sitdown坐下Generalsettledintohischairagainandstartedtoreconsidertheupcomingnegotiation

33、.将军坐回到自己的椅子上开始重新考虑即将到来的谈判。We quickly settled(ourselves)in ournewhouse.6.settle(Line14,Para.4)v.2)安置；安顿Wearequicklysettledinournewhouse.我们很快在新居安顿了下来。7.major(Line15,Para.4)n.specialty美大学中的主修科目,（某门课的）主修学生Heplannedtotakechemistryashismajor.著名的流行歌曲作者高晓松曾是清华大学的电子工程专业的学生。他打算将化学作为自己的主修学科。FamouspopcomposerGa

34、oXiaosongisonceanelectronicengineeringmajorofTsinghuaUniversity.Sometimes the managers of the state-ownedenterprises should give those laid-off workers_.有时国有企业的管理者应该重点关心下岗工人。_applaudedfortheyoungsinger.大部分的观众都为这位年轻的歌手拍手喝彩。adj.greaterinimportanceorextent重要的，重大的，主要的，较大范围的7.major(Line15,Para.4)majorcon

35、siderationThemajorpartoftheaudiencevi.美 主修，专攻(in)ThatgirlmajorsinsoftwaredevelopmentatMIT.那个女孩在麻省理工学院主攻软件开发。7.major(Line15,Para.4)WhilelisteningtothePresidentsspeech,he_toshowhisscorn.在听总统演讲的时候，他把头歪向一边表示不屑。8.tip(Line18,Para.5)vt.,vi.&n.slope（使）倾斜，（使）翻倒tippedhisheadtoonesideTheywitnessedtheRollsRoyce

36、_.他们目睹了那辆劳斯莱斯翻到了沟里。Wefoundthatthepillar_.我们发现那根柱子稍稍向南倾斜。tippedintotheditchhadaslighttiptothesouth9.rear(Line18,Para.5)n.theback后部，背Pleasemovetotherearofthebus!请往车厢的后面走走！Thedininghallisintherearofourteachingbuilding.餐厅在我们的教学楼的后部。v.bringup抚育，培养Mrs.Gao Yaojie adopted and reared countlessAIDSorphans.高耀洁

37、女士收养抚育了无数的艾滋孤儿。9.rear(Line18,Para.5)vt.decide决定，确定FamousswordsmannovelistJinYong_tocontinuehiswritingcareer.著名武侠小说作家金庸先生决定重出江湖，继续自己的写作生涯。10.determine(Line23,Para.6)determinestomakeacomeback10.determine(Line23,Para.6)bedeterminedtodosth.决定做某事FamedmoviedirectorZhangYimou_.著名电影导演张艺谋决定在他的新片当中给年轻演员更多的机会。

38、isdeterminedtogivetheyoungactorsmoreopportunitiesinhisnewfilmTherewasaloudcrashinyourroom.Imsurethatitwasyourcatthatwasmakingtrouble.你的房间里传来一声很响的东西摔碎的声音。我敢肯定是你的猫又在捣乱了。11.crash(Line33,Para.8)n.1)loudnoisewhensomethingfallsover撞击声，跌落声ItisquiteapitythatfamouspoetXuZhimowasunfortunatelykilledinaplanecra

39、sh.著名诗人徐志摩在一次飞机坠毁事故中丧生，这是一件让人非常遗憾的事。2)accidentwherecars,planes,etc.,aredamaged(交通工具的)剧烈碰撞事故11.crash(Line33,Para.8)12.fartoo(Line39,Para.8)ThedreamteamoftheUnitedStatesisfartoopowerfultobedefeated.美国的梦之队太强大了，可以说不可战胜。verymuch,muchtoo太，极Ourmangerisfartoobusyrecently.近来我们的经理非常忙碌。Chineseunder-23nationalf

40、ootballteamsperformanceinthe28thOlympicqualifier_.中国23岁以下国家足球队在第28届奥运会资格赛上的表现根本无法达到中国球迷的期望。13.liveuptoonesexpectations(Line43,Para.10)beasgoodasexpected达到的期望couldnotliveuptoChinesefootballfansexpectationsatallWedidntenjoyourholiday;itdidntliveuptoourexpectations.这个假期我们过得并不好，因为它没有达到我们的期望。13.liveuptoo

41、nesexpectations(Line43,Para.10)beasgoodasexpected达到的期望14.viewsomething/somebodyas(Line44,Para.10)regardsomething/somebodyinaparticularway把看作是ManymusiccriticsviewCuiJianasthepioneer of the rock-and-roll in themainlandofChina.很多乐评人把崔健看作是中国大陆摇滚乐的先驱。15.forgive(Line47,Para.11)vt.stopfeelingangryatsomebod

42、y;excusesomeoneforafaultoroffense原谅，饶恕，宽恕Iwillneverforgiveyouforwhatyousaidaboutmetheotherday.我绝不会原谅你那天所说的那些关于我的话。Heforgavehisbrotherforbeingrude.他原谅了弟弟的莽撞。on a college campusto keep my ears open and my mouth shutAfter much hesitation I chose a seat in the first row and to the side.in the middle of

43、the lecture在大学校园里在大学校园里 只听不说只听不说 犹豫良久后我选了犹豫良久后我选了第一排靠边的座位。第一排靠边的座位。上课期间上课期间 站起来站起来 有同样的命运有同样的命运 我很同情他。我很同情他。达到某人的期望达到某人的期望 come to ones feet to meet the same fateMy heart/sympathy went out to him.to live up to ones expectations“TheDoorsThatAreOpentoUs”“机会之门就在前方”洪洪晔晔Thethirddooristhedoortolife-longle

44、arning.Asnewideasappearallthetime,wealwaysneedtoacquirenewknowledge,regardlessofourage.Naturally,myauntherselfisthebestexample.第三扇门就是活到老，学到老的机会。新观念层出不穷，所以不管年纪多大，我们时时都要汲取新知识。自然地，我的舅妈就是一个最好的例子。Words:acquire得到得到regardlessof不管不管AcoldsweatbrokeoutAcoldsweatbrokeoutonthebackofmyneckthebackofmyneck.(Line10

45、)此句翻译可按原文的结构顺序直译即此句翻译可按原文的结构顺序直译即:冷汗从脖子上冒冷汗从脖子上冒出来。但英汉进行结构对等翻译的例子少之甚少出来。但英汉进行结构对等翻译的例子少之甚少,所以所以可以考虑将原文中某些成分的功能和位置加以变动可以考虑将原文中某些成分的功能和位置加以变动,从从而达到译文与原文在功能上的对等和语感上的自然。而达到译文与原文在功能上的对等和语感上的自然。我的脖子冒出了冷汗我的脖子冒出了冷汗我的脖子冒出了冷汗我的脖子冒出了冷汗。Itisataskwellwithinyourpowerwithinyourpower.这一任务，这一任务，你完全可以胜任你完全可以胜任你完全可以胜任

46、你完全可以胜任。Electricityisalwaysidenticalinnatureinnature.电的电的性质性质性质性质总是一样的。总是一样的。HeisthelastpersonIwillaskforhelpHeisthelastpersonIwillaskforhelp.我是不会求他的我是不会求他的我是不会求他的我是不会求他的。qHegotup,handsheldhighhandsheldhighabovehisheadinavictoryinavictoryclaspclasp,grinningfromeartoeargrinningfromeartoear.(Line36)本句

47、可采取拆分法将原文中的补充成分即名词短语和本句可采取拆分法将原文中的补充成分即名词短语和分词短语分别处理为译文中的几个连动短句，使译文分词短语分别处理为译文中的几个连动短句，使译文通顺自然。通顺自然。他站起身，他站起身，咧嘴大笑咧嘴大笑咧嘴大笑咧嘴大笑，双手紧握双手紧握双手紧握双手紧握高举高举高举高举在头顶上，在头顶上，做出胜利的姿势做出胜利的姿势做出胜利的姿势做出胜利的姿势。Sunraysfilteredinwherevertheycould,drivingoutdarknessdrivingoutdarknessandchokingtheshadowschokingtheshadows.阳

48、光射入了它所能透过的所有地方，阳光射入了它所能透过的所有地方，赶走了黑暗赶走了黑暗赶走了黑暗赶走了黑暗，驱散了幽影驱散了幽影驱散了幽影驱散了幽影。Energycanneitherbecreatednordestroyed,auniversallyauniversallyacceptedlawacceptedlaw.能量既不能被创造也不能被消灭，能量既不能被创造也不能被消灭，这是一条公认的规律这是一条公认的规律这是一条公认的规律这是一条公认的规律。Theyseemed justifiablyjustifiably proudoftheireconomicachievements.他们似乎为在经济

49、上取得的成就而自豪，他们似乎为在经济上取得的成就而自豪，这合乎情理这合乎情理这合乎情理这合乎情理。OnceIrealizedthatIhadnoonesexpectationstoliveuptobutmyownmyown,Irelaxed.(Line43)本句处理的关键在于补充或增加原文在句法上省略的部本句处理的关键在于补充或增加原文在句法上省略的部分，从而使译文更加清晰、通顺地表达原文的思想内容。分，从而使译文更加清晰、通顺地表达原文的思想内容。一旦意识到我不必考虑别人的期望，一旦意识到我不必考虑别人的期望，而只要而只要自己满意自己满意自己满意自己满意就行就行就行就行，我感到释然。，我感到

50、释然。Marywashedwashed forlivingafterherhusbanddiedofacutepneumonia.Shewasmoreroyalroyal thantheroyals.她比皇室成员更有她比皇室成员更有皇家气质皇家气质皇家气质皇家气质。Idliketoknowsomethingknowsomethingaboutyourscientificexperiment.我想了解一下你们科学实验方面的我想了解一下你们科学实验方面的情况情况情况情况。玛丽在丈夫患急性肺炎去世后玛丽在丈夫患急性肺炎去世后,就靠就靠洗衣服洗衣服洗衣服洗衣服维持生活。维持生活。学生在拟定提纲时常见问