人教版被动语态复习高三英语课件 新课标 人教.ppt
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1、被动语态复习2021/8/9 星期一1一、被动语态的定义:一、被动语态的定义:语态是动词的一种形式,用以表语态是动词的一种形式,用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。当主语是示主语和谓语之间的关系。当主语是谓语动作的执行者,则为主动语态;谓语动作的执行者,则为主动语态;当主语是谓语动作的承受者,则为被当主语是谓语动作的承受者,则为被动语态。动语态。被动语态由助动词被动语态由助动词be+过去分词过去分词构成,时态通过构成,时态通过be表现出来。表现出来。2021/8/9 星期一2 二、各种时态的被动语态构成二、各种时态的被动语态构成 1)一般现在时:一般现在时:You are required to d
2、o this.2)一般过去时:一般过去时:The story was told by her.3)一般将来时:一般将来时:The problem will be discussed tomorrow.2021/8/9 星期一34)现在进行时:)现在进行时:The question is being discussed in the meeting room.5)过去进行时:)过去进行时:The new road was being made.6)现在完成时:)现在完成时:The novel has been read.7)情态动词:情态动词:The rubbish can be put int
3、o the dustbin over there.2021/8/9 星期一41.They make shoes in that factory.三、主动语态变被动语态三、主动语态变被动语态Shoes are made (by them)in that factory.一般现在时的被动语态构成一般现在时的被动语态构成:S(主语)主语)+am/is/are +过去分词过去分词2021/8/9 星期一52.They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them)last term.一般过去时:一般过去时:S+was
4、/were+过去分词过去分词2021/8/9 星期一63Ling Feng can take good care of Polly Polly can be taken good care of by Ling Feng .情态动词:情态动词:S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词过去分词2021/8/9 星期一74.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished(by them)in ten days.一般将来时:一般将来时:S+will+be+过去分词过去分词2021/8/9 星期一85.S
5、ome workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.现在进行时:现在进行时:S+am/is/are+being+过去分词过去分词2021/8/9 星期一96We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.现在完成时:现在完成时:S+have/has+been+过去分词过去分词2021/8/9 星期一107I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night M
6、y homework was being done(by me)at 8:00 last night.过去进行时:过去进行时:S+was/were+being+过去分词过去分词2021/8/9 星期一11 四、何时使用被动语态呢?四、何时使用被动语态呢?一、行为主体不明确,不必说出或者无一、行为主体不明确,不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如:法说出动作的执行者时。例如:Football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如:的执行者时。例如:My bike was stolen我的自
7、行车被盗了。我的自行车被盗了。2021/8/9 星期一12三、汉语中含有三、汉语中含有“据说据说”、“据悉据悉”、“有有人说人说”、“大家说大家说”等时。例如:等时。例如:It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS.众所周知众所周知 It is well known that 据推测说据推测说 It is supposed that 2021/8/9 星期一13四、汉语中含有四、汉语中含有“被被”、“由由”等词时。等词时。例如:
8、例如:Wei Hua is asked to come by Lin Tao魏华是被林涛叫来的。魏华是被林涛叫来的。2021/8/9 星期一14五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如:五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如:He was born in October,1989 六、表示礼貌时。例如:六、表示礼貌时。例如:You are friendly invited to come to our English party at 8:00pmtomorrow敬请您明天晚上敬请您明天晚上8:00光临我们的英语晚会。光临我们的英语晚会。2021/8/9 星期一15 五、在什么情况下不能使用被动语五、在
9、什么情况下不能使用被动语态呢?态呢?1.表示状态的动词,如表示状态的动词,如have,cost,fit,last,own,hold,become等往往不能用于被动语态。等往往不能用于被动语态。例如:例如:【正】【正】The shirt fits him very well【误】【误】He is fitted very well by the shirt 2021/8/9 星期一162.祈使句一般没有被动语态。例如:祈使句一般没有被动语态。例如:【正】【正】Look at the blackboard,please【误】【误】The blackboard is looked at by you
10、2021/8/9 星期一173.某些及物动词的宾语表示处所、地点、某些及物动词的宾语表示处所、地点、组织时不能用于被动语态。例如:组织时不能用于被动语态。例如:【正】【正】He joined the League in 1998【误】【误】The League was joined by him in 1998 2021/8/9 星期一184.由由“动词名词动词名词”构成的英语习语(如构成的英语习语(如make faces,make friends,take place等)等)一般不可改为被动语态。例如:一般不可改为被动语态。例如:【正】【正】The boy make faces in cla
11、ss【误】【误】Faces are made by the boy in class Great changes have taken place in Jinan since last year.2021/8/9 星期一195.反身代词在句中作宾语时,不能用被反身代词在句中作宾语时,不能用被动语态。例如:动语态。例如:【正】【正】You must look after yourself【误】【误】Yourself must be looked after 2021/8/9 星期一20Practice2021/8/9 星期一21先将主动句改为被动句,再把被先将主动句改为被动句,再把被先将主动句
12、改为被动句,再把被先将主动句改为被动句,再把被动句变为一般疑问句与否定句动句变为一般疑问句与否定句动句变为一般疑问句与否定句动句变为一般疑问句与否定句 1 1People People growgrow wheat in North wheat in North ChinaChina 2 2They They boughtbought ten computers last ten computers last termterm 2021/8/9 星期一223Some workers are painting the classrooms now 4We have made twenty mor
13、e beds 5Ling Feng can take good care of Polly.6I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night 2021/8/9 星期一23一、如主动句含一、如主动句含间宾和直宾间宾和直宾双宾语;双宾语;或含省略或含省略to的不定式作宾补,变被动的不定式作宾补,变被动时有何变化呢?时有何变化呢?Uncle Li lent us the boat last week(变被动)(变被动)We were lent the boat by Uncle Li last week The boat was lent to us by Un
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