高考英语 Unit4《Pygmalion》知识与要点课件 新人教选修8.ppt

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1、话题1.Literary work(文学作品)2.Drama(戏剧)功能1.Conjecture(推测)2.Emotions(情感)3.Judgement and evaluation(判断和评价)语法Revise the Past Participle as the Adverbial(复习过去分词作状语)重点单词adaption，whistle，hesitate，outcome，remark，status，superior，brilliant，classify，shabby，horrible，condemn，acquaintance，fortune，antique，compromise，o

2、verlook，fade，rob，disgusting重点短语pass.off as.，make ones acquaintance，generally speaking，in terms of，show.in，the other day，in need of，take away，once more，fade out，in disguise，condemn sb.to sth./to do sth.，rob sb.of sth.重点句型1.While watching，he makes notes.2But they betray themselves every time they open

3、 their mouths.3Now once taught by me，shed become an upper class lady.(2)hesitation n犹豫犹豫without hesitation毫不犹豫地毫不犹豫地have no hesitation in(doing)sth.毫不犹豫地做某事毫不犹豫地做某事Dont hesitate about that.Do it at once.对于那件事不要再犹豫了。马上去做吧。对于那件事不要再犹豫了。马上去做吧。Dont hesitate to go to a doctor if you have any unusual sympt

4、oms.如果你有任何不正常的症状，别犹豫，马上去看医生。如果你有任何不正常的症状，别犹豫，马上去看医生。We will do our duty without hesitation.我们会毅然决然地尽我们的责任。我们会毅然决然地尽我们的责任。I have no hesitation in saying that you are my idol.我毫不犹豫地说你是我的偶像。我毫不犹豫地说你是我的偶像。【链接训练链接训练】Such is lifewhether you are an antelope or a lion，you ought to dash forwards without_when

5、 the sun rises.Ahesitation BsuggestionCdiscussion Ddecision【解解 析析】考考 查查 名名 词词 辨辨 析析。hesitation“犹犹 豫豫”；suggestion“建建议议”；discussion“讨讨论论”；decision“决决定定”。句句意意为为：这这就就是是生生活活不不管管你你是是羚羚羊羊还还是是狮狮子子，当当太太阳阳升升起起的的时候，你应该毫不犹豫地飞奔向前。时候，你应该毫不犹豫地飞奔向前。【答案答案】AHe did not _for a minute to save the drowning child and jump

6、ed into the river immediately.AhesitateBwonderCchargeDdetermine【解解析析】考考查查动动词词辨辨析析。hesitate“犹犹豫豫”；wonder“想想知知道道”；charge“要要价价；控控告告”；determine“决决定定”。句句意意为为：他毫不犹豫地立即跳进河里去救那个落水的孩子。他毫不犹豫地立即跳进河里去救那个落水的孩子。【答案答案】A2classify vt.编排；分类；归类编排；分类；归类归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)be classified according to按按分类分类be classified into被分成被分成

7、be classified as被划分为被划分为(2)classified adj.按种类分类的，类别的按种类分类的，类别的classified advertisements分类广告分类广告classification n分类，类分类，类In library books are usually classified according to subjects.在图书馆里，书籍通常是按科目分类的。在图书馆里，书籍通常是按科目分类的。Patients are classified into three categories.病人被分成三种类型。病人被分成三种类型。His play is class

8、ified as comedy.他的戏剧被划分为喜剧。他的戏剧被划分为喜剧。【链接训练链接训练】The English teacher often tells his students to _ the knowledge they have learned according to units.Aseparate Bdivide Ccollect Dclassify【解解析析】考考查查动动词词辨辨析析。句句意意为为：英英语语老老师师经经常常告告诉诉他他的的学学生生将将他他们们学学过过的的知知识识按按照照单单元元来来分分类类。separate“隔隔开开”；divide“分分开开”；collec

9、t“收收集集”，都都不不合合题题意意；只只有有classify“分类，编排分类，编排”，符合题意。，符合题意。【答案答案】D3remark n谈谈论论；言言论论；评评述述v谈谈论论；评评论论；说说起起归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)make a remark/remarks about/remarks about/on.就就作评论作评论make no remark不加评论，什么也不说不加评论，什么也不说(2)remark on/upon对对作出评论作出评论remark that.评论评论(3)remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的非凡的；显著的be remarkable for因因而显著而显著a

10、remarkable achievement/career/career/talent显著的成就显著的成就/事业事业/才能才能He made a number of rude remarks about the food there.关于那里的食物他作了许多无礼的评论。关于那里的食物他作了许多无礼的评论。The judges remarked on/upon the high standard of entries for the competition.评委们说明了参赛的高标准。评委们说明了参赛的高标准。【链接训练链接训练】她说我看上去显得特别累。她说我看上去显得特别累。(翻译句子翻译句子)

11、_【答案答案】She remarked how tired I looked.4condemn vt.迫迫使使接接受受(困困境境)，使使注注定定；谴谴责责；判刑，宣告判刑，宣告有罪有罪(与与to连用连用)归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)condemn sb.to(do)sth.使某人注定使某人注定(做做)某事某事(2)condemn sb./sth.for sb./sth.for sb./sth.指责某人指责某人(事事)condemn sb.to sth.判处某人判处某人condemn sth.(as sth.)称某物有缺陷或不宜使用称某物有缺陷或不宜使用(3)condemned adj.已被定罪者；已

12、被定罪者使用的已被定罪者；已被定罪者使用的condemnation n定罪，谴责，指责定罪，谴责，指责Most people would condemn violence of any sort.大多数人都会谴责任何种类的暴力行为。大多数人都会谴责任何种类的暴力行为。If you dont learn from the past，youre condemned to repeat your mistakes.如如果果你你不不从从过过去去吸吸取取教教训训的的话话，就就注注定定要要重重复复以以前前的的错错误。误。She is often condemned for her carelessness

13、.她常因粗心而受到指责。她常因粗心而受到指责。He was found guilty and condemned to be shot.他被判有罪，处以枪决。他被判有罪，处以枪决。【链接训练链接训练】The man who killed his wife was _ to death.Asentencing Bcondemned Cdeclared Dtold【解解析析】句句意意为为：那那个个杀杀死死了了妻妻子子的的人人被被判判处处死死刑刑。condemn/sentence sb.to death“判判死刑死刑”。A项时态不对。项时态不对。【答案答案】B5acquaintance n相识，了解

14、，熟人相识，了解，熟人归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)acquaintance用用作作不不可可数数名名词词时时，表表示示“熟熟悉悉，(正正式式)认认识识”，有有时时在在其其前前加加不不定定冠冠词词，表表某某种种程程度度的的熟熟悉悉与与了了解解，与与with连用；用作可数名词时，表示连用；用作可数名词时，表示“熟人；相识的人熟人；相识的人”。(2)make ones acquaintance/make the acquaintance of sb.结识某人，与某人相见结识某人，与某人相见have no acquaintance with sb./sth.与与不不认认识识，没没有有交情；对交情；对不了解不了

15、解cut/drop ones acquaintance with.与与绝交绝交gain acquaintance with.得以熟知得以熟知(3)acquaint v熟悉；了解熟悉；了解be acquainted with熟悉熟悉acquaint sb.with.使某人了解使某人了解Hes just a business acquaintance.他只是我业务上的一个熟人。他只是我业务上的一个熟人。I had little acquaintance with modern poetry.我对现代诗所知甚少。我对现代诗所知甚少。I made the acquaintance of several

16、 musicians around that time.大约在那段时间，我结识了几位音乐家。大约在那段时间，我结识了几位音乐家。I am well acquainted with her family.我和她家里的人很熟。我和她家里的人很熟。【链接训练链接训练】Mary is not a(n)_，just a(n)_.Afriend；acquaintances Bacquaintance；friendCfriend；acquaintance Dacquaintances；friend【解解析析】句句意意为为：玛玛丽丽不不是是朋朋友友，仅仅仅仅是是一一个个熟熟人人而而已。已。acquaintan

17、ce用作可数名词，表示用作可数名词，表示“熟人；相识熟人；相识”。【答案答案】C6compromise n妥妥协协；折折衷衷；妥妥协协(或或折折衷衷)方方案案vi.妥协；折衷；让步；违背，放弃妥协；折衷；让步；违背，放弃归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)make compromises with作出让步；与作出让步；与妥协妥协come to/reach a compromise on sth.就某事达成妥协就某事达成妥协compromise on sth.以折衷方法解决争论、争端等以折衷方法解决争论、争端等(2)compromise with sb.on sth.就某事同某人妥协就某事同某人妥协compr

18、omise ones principles/beliefs/beliefs/ideas违违背背原原则则/放放弃弃信仰信仰/背弃理想背弃理想In any relationship，you have to make compromises.在任何关系当中，你都得作出让步。在任何关系当中，你都得作出让步。After lengthy talks the two sides finally reached a compromise on trade.双方经过长时间商谈终于就贸易方面达成了妥协。双方经过长时间商谈终于就贸易方面达成了妥协。We are not prepared to compromise

19、on safety standards.我们不愿在安全标准问题上妥协。我们不愿在安全标准问题上妥协。They were unwilling to compromise with the military.他们不愿与军方妥协。他们不愿与军方妥协。【链接训练链接训练】The shortanswer test is a kind of _ between the composition and selection types.Amixture BconnectionCcompound Dcompromise【解解析析】compromise“妥妥协协、折折中中办办法法”，与与between连连用用；其

20、其余余三三项项后后面面须须接接介介词词of。句句意意为为：简简答答题题是是作作文文题题和和选择题折中的产物。选择题折中的产物。【答案答案】D7overlook vt.俯视；忽视；不理会俯视；忽视；不理会归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)overlook a mistake忽略了一个错误忽略了一个错误overlook ones fault不追究不追究(某人的某人的)过错过错overlook sb.for sth.(提拔等提拔等)对某人不予考虑对某人不予考虑(2)oversight n疏忽；负责；照管疏忽；负责；照管oversee vt.监督监督(工作工作)look over越越过过看看；检检查查(事事物物)

21、，视视察察(工工厂厂等等)；观观察察(人人)From my study window I can overlook the bay.从我书房的窗口，我可以俯瞰海湾。从我书房的窗口，我可以俯瞰海湾。His services have been overlooked by his employers.他的服务一直未得到他雇主的重视。他的服务一直未得到他雇主的重视。Shes been overlooked for promotion several times.几次提职时都没有考虑她。几次提职时都没有考虑她。【链接训练链接训练】Dont be so upset.It is easy to _ a s

22、mall detail like that.Anotice Boverlook Cignore Dforgive【解解析析】句句意意为为：不不要要那那么么沮沮丧丧，像像那那样样的的细细节节很很容容易易被被忽忽略略的的。notice“注注意意”；overlook“忽忽略略，未未注注意意到到”；ignore“不理会不理会”；forgive“原谅原谅”。【答案答案】B1pass.off as.(把某人把某人)改变或冒充成改变或冒充成归纳拓展归纳拓展pass off(指指事事件件)发发生生，进进行行；举举行行；(指指痛痛苦苦、危危机机等等)结束结束pass away去世去世pass by路过；经过路过

23、；经过pass down把把流传下去流传下去pass on传递传递pass out昏倒；失去知觉昏倒；失去知觉pass through通过，穿过；经历；体验通过，穿过；经历；体验He escaped by passing himself off as a guard.他冒充警卫逃跑了。他冒充警卫逃跑了。The sports meeting passed off well.运动会开得很顺利。运动会开得很顺利。I was just passing by so I thought Id stop for a visit.我正好经过，于是就想来看看你。我正好经过，于是就想来看看你。【链接训练链接训练】

24、Why was the man condemned to be shot?Because he _ himself _ as the chairman and caused a great loss.Apassed；away Bpassed；downCpassed；off Dpassed；on【解解析析】pass sb./oneself/oneself off off asas“(某某人人/自自己己)冒冒充充，假假扮扮”。答答句句句句意意为为：因因为为他他冒冒充充主主席席并并且且造造成成了了巨巨大大的的损损失失。pass away“死亡死亡”；pass down“传下去传下去”；pass on

25、“传递传递”。【答案答案】C2in terms of就就来说，从来说，从角度；根据，按照角度；根据，按照归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)in terms of的的同同义义词词组组为为with regard to，according to，in the light of。(2)term构成的短语有：构成的短语有：come to terms with sb.和解；达成协议；让步和解；达成协议；让步come to terms with sth.甘心忍受；适应；顺从甘心忍受；适应；顺从be on good/bad terms with/bad terms with与与关系很好关系很好/坏坏in the long

26、(short)term从长远从长远(眼前眼前)来看来看in ones terms在某人看来在某人看来on equal terms在平等的条件下在平等的条件下Many of the scientists and engineers are judged in terms of how great their achievements are.人们往往以成就大小来评价一些科学家和工程师。人们往往以成就大小来评价一些科学家和工程师。In their terms，cutting government spending is the most important thing.根据他们的观点，削减政府开支

27、是最重要的事情。根据他们的观点，削减政府开支是最重要的事情。Hs is still on excellent terms with his exwife.他仍然和前妻保持着极好的关系。他仍然和前妻保持着极好的关系。She is still coming to terms with her sons death.她还没有完全从儿子死亡的阴影中走出来。她还没有完全从儿子死亡的阴影中走出来。The companys prospects look good in the long term.公司的远景看来不错。公司的远景看来不错。【链接训练链接训练】Im _ good terms _ Mary and

28、 she is my good friend.Aon；不填；不填 B不填；不填；with Con；with Dwith；on【解解析析】考考查查固固定定短短语语be on good terms with意意为为“与与关关系系好好”。句句意意为为：我我同同玛玛莉莉的的关关系系很很好好，她她是是我我的的好好朋友。朋友。【答案答案】CThe book has been well received，but _ actual sales，it hasnt been very successful.Ain terms of Bin term ofCconsidering to Dwith regardin

29、g to【解解析析】in terms of 意意为为“就就而而言言”。句句意意为为：这本书很受欢迎，但就实际销量而言还不十分成功。这本书很受欢迎，但就实际销量而言还不十分成功。【答案答案】A3show.sb.in 带或领带或领进来进来Considering its cold outside,youd better show the old man in.考虑到外面天气很冷，你最好把那位老人领进来。考虑到外面天气很冷，你最好把那位老人领进来。We were shown into the waiting room.我们被领进等候室。我们被领进等候室。归纳拓展归纳拓展show sb.out 领某人出

30、去领某人出去show sb.round/around.带领某人参观带领某人参观show sb.the door 对某人下逐客令对某人下逐客令show the way 做出榜样做出榜样 show off 夸耀，卖弄夸耀，卖弄show up 突出，显眼；出现突出，显眼；出现I showed the foreigners around our school.我带领外宾参观了我们的学校。我带领外宾参观了我们的学校。It is unwise to show off your greater knowledge in front of people.在人们面前卖弄自己广博的知识是很不明智的。在人们面前卖弄

31、自己广博的知识是很不明智的。It was getting late when she finally showed up.天色渐晚她终于出现了。天色渐晚她终于出现了。【链接训练链接训练】Sir.Wait a minutes please,let me show you_.Thanks.I can find the way out.Aout Bup Caround Doff【解解析析】考考查查关关于于show的的短短语语。show sb.out“领领某某人人出出去去”；show sb.around“领领某某人人参参观观”；show up“出出现现”show off“夸夸耀耀，卖卖弄弄”。根根据据

32、下下文文的的I can find the way out提示可知提示可知A项符合题意。项符合题意。【答案答案】A4fade out(声音，画面声音，画面)逐渐模糊；渐淡逐渐模糊；渐淡归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)fade v褪色，凋谢褪色，凋谢fade away(自自视视野野，听听界界或或记记忆忆中中)逐逐渐渐消消失失；衰衰弱弱；病病重死亡重死亡fade in(画画面面)淡淡入入；使使渐渐强强(指指电电影影、电电视视中中的的画画面面与与声声音音)fade up渐强渐强(指电视、广播中的声音指电视、广播中的声音)(2)表表示示声声音音的的渐渐渐渐消消失失时时，fade out，fade away以以及及

33、die away，die down可通用。可通用。(3)有关有关out 的短语：的短语：point out 指出指出pull out 拉出；掏出；拔出；抽出；取出；拉出；掏出；拔出；抽出；取出；(车，船车，船)驶出驶出go out (灯灯、火火)熄熄灭灭；(年年、月月)结结束束；(衣衣着着)过过时时；倒倒塌塌；罢工罢工check out 结账离开结账离开rule out 排除排除的可能性，拒绝考虑某事的可能性，拒绝考虑某事The sound of the boys crying faded out in the distance.那那个孩子的哭声在远处逐渐消失。个孩子的哭声在远处逐渐消失。Ho

34、pes of reaching an agreement seem to be fading away.达成协议的希望看来已逐渐渺茫。达成协议的希望看来已逐渐渺茫。George saw the monitor blacked out and then a few words faded in.乔治看到屏幕变黑，接着出现了几个字。乔治看到屏幕变黑，接着出现了几个字。【链接训练链接训练】The idea seemed to _ and the factory was never built.Adie out Bfade out Cgive out Drun out【解解析析】考考查查动动词词短短语

35、语词词义义辨辨析析。句句意意为为：这这个个想想法法似似乎乎被被淡淡忘忘了了，工工厂厂始始终终没没有有被被建建立立起起来来。die out“(物物种种)灭灭绝绝”；fade out“衰衰退退；消消失失”；give out“用用完完；分分发发；发发出出(气味；热等气味；热等)”；run out“用完用完”。【答案答案】B5.While watching,he makes notes.他边看边作笔记。他边看边作笔记。But，sir，(proudly)once educated to speak properly，that girl could pass herself off in three mo

36、nths as a duchess at an ambassadors garden party.但但是是，先先生生，一一旦旦被被教教以以恰恰当当的的谈谈吐吐方方式式，那那个个女女孩孩在在三个月后就可以冒充大使花园聚会上的贵妇人。三个月后就可以冒充大使花园聚会上的贵妇人。once/if/if/as/unless/unless/when/though/though/while/as/as if.if.v v.ing/v.ed/to do/to do/adj.的省略句式的省略句式When finished，the homework was handed in.作业一完成就交了上去。作业一完成就交了

37、上去。【链接训练链接训练】It is rather difficult to make friends with him，but his friendship，_，is more true than any others.Aonce gained Bwhen to gainCafter gaining Dwhile gaining【解解析析】考考查查省省略略。此此题题应应用用过过去去分分词词作作状状语语表表示示条条件件。once gained 相相当当于于 once it is gained，gain 和和 his friendship之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词。之间是被动关系，所以用过去

38、分词。【答案答案】A复习过去分词作状语复习过去分词作状语过过去去分分词词或或过过去去分分词词短短语语作作状状语语修修饰饰谓谓语语动动词词表表示示的的动动作作，其其逻逻辑辑上上的的主主语语就就是是句句子子的的主主语语。过过去去分分词词短短语语作作状状语语往往可以用相应的状语从句或并列复合句来代替。往往可以用相应的状语从句或并列复合句来代替。(1)表示时间，作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句。表示时间，作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句。When asked about his future plans，Zhang Yimou said that his next movie would show a m

39、odern theme.当当被被问问到到将将来来的的打打算算时时，张张艺艺谋谋说说他他的的下下一一部部电电影影将将表表现一个现代的主题。现一个现代的主题。(2)表示原因，作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。表示原因，作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。Tom fell asleep at once，very tired.汤姆很累，很快就睡着了。汤姆很累，很快就睡着了。(3)表表示示条条件件，作作条条件件状状语语，相相当当于于条条件件状状语语从从句句。这这类类句子的谓语动词往往用将来时或情态动词。句子的谓语动词往往用将来时或情态动词。Given more time，we would have finis

40、hed the job much better.如果我们有更多时间，我们会把工作完成得更好。如果我们有更多时间，我们会把工作完成得更好。(4)表示让步，作让步状语，相当于让步状语从句。表示让步，作让步状语，相当于让步状语从句。Although wounded all over，the brave soldiers continued to fight.虽然伤痕累累，勇士们仍坚持战斗。虽然伤痕累累，勇士们仍坚持战斗。(5)表示行为方式或伴随状况，相当于并列复合句。表示行为方式或伴随状况，相当于并列复合句。Mr.Zhang was sitting in the room，lost in thoug

41、ht of the past.张先生坐在房间里，陷入对往事的回忆中。张先生坐在房间里，陷入对往事的回忆中。注意：注意：过过去去分分词词作作状状语语时时，它它的的逻逻辑辑主主语语一一般般必必须须和和句句子子的的主语相一致。主语相一致。Once set，the time cannot be changed.时间一旦设定就不能更改。时间一旦设定就不能更改。过过去去分分词词作作状状语语时时，分分词词前前面面也也可可加加once，though，where等连词，此时相当于一个含有被动语态的状语从句。等连词，此时相当于一个含有被动语态的状语从句。Though beaten(Though he was be

42、aten)，he didnt lose heart.虽然输了，但他并没有灰心。虽然输了，但他并没有灰心。过去分词作状语与动词过去分词作状语与动词ing形式作状语时的区别：形式作状语时的区别：过过去去分分词词作作状状语语时时，与与其其逻逻辑辑主主语语之之间间是是被被动动关关系系，所所表表示示的的动动作作一一般般发发生生在在谓谓语语动动作作之之前前或或与与之之同同时时发发生生即即常常表表示示被被动动和和完完成成。而而v.ing作作状状语语时时，与与其其逻逻辑辑主主语语是是主主动动关关系系，一般所表示的动作与主句中谓语动作同时发生。一般所表示的动作与主句中谓语动作同时发生。He stood ther

43、e silently，moved to tears.他静静地站在那里，感动得热泪盈眶。他静静地站在那里，感动得热泪盈眶。Reading carefully，youll learn something new.只要你仔细阅读，你会学到一些新的东西。只要你仔细阅读，你会学到一些新的东西。【链接训练链接训练】_ a second time，will the man have one more try?ATurn down BIf turning downCTo turn down DIf turned down【解解析析】考考查查过过去去分分词词短短语语作作状状语语。因因为为主主句句的的主主语语th

44、e man和和turn down之间为被动关系，故用过去分词。之间为被动关系，故用过去分词。【答案答案】DThe policeman put down the phone，_ with a smile on his face.Asatisfied BsatisfyingCto be satisfied Dhaving satisfied【解解析析】考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。satisfy 意意为为“使使满满意意”，既既然然人人作作了了主主语语则则用用它它的的过过去去分分词词形形式式作作状状语语。该该句句的的含义是含义是“警察放下了电话，脸上露出满意的笑容警察放下了电话，脸上露出满意的笑容”

45、。【答案答案】A_for his expert advice，John is often asked to help others with personal affairs.AHaving known BBeing knownCKnown DKnowing【解解析析】句句意意为为：由由于于他他的的内内行行的的建建议议很很出出名名，约约翰翰常常常常被被要要求求来来帮帮助助别别人人解解决决个个人人事事情情。John与与know之之间间是是逻逻辑辑上上的的动动宾宾关关系系，故故用用过过去去分分词词作作状状语语，排排除除A、D项项；又又因因B项强调动作正在被执行与题意不符。故选项强调动作正在被执行与

46、题意不符。故选C项。项。【答案答案】CJenny was reading a piece of science fiction，completely _ to the outside world.Ahaving lostBbeing lostClosingDlost【解解析析】考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。lost是是形形容容词词，后后半半句句是是形形容词短语表示状态。容词短语表示状态。【答案答案】D_ in the cage for half a day，the bird became hungry.ABeing kept BKeptCHaving been kept DHave been kept【解解析析】句句意意为为：小小鸟鸟被被关关在在笼笼子子里里半半天天了了，饿饿极极了了。由由句句意意可可知知for half a day作作时时间间状状语语，并并且且和和后后面面的的动动作作became具有明显的先后顺序，故用分词完成式来表示。具有明显的先后顺序，故用分词完成式来表示。【答案答案】C