高考英语 专题解析基础写作 论证观点课件.ppt

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1、12.论证观点2021/8/11 星期三1晨晨读背背诵相关短语相关短语e to realize 开始意识到开始意识到2.as important as 和和一样重要一样重要3.push sb.to do 使某人做某事使某人做某事4.focus more on 更加关注更加关注5.spoken language skills 口语技能口语技能/水平水平2021/8/11 星期三municate with 和和交流交流7.therefore 因此因此8.more attention should be given to 应该更应该更加关注加关注9.in summary 总之总之10.both ne

2、cessary and beneficial 既有必要既有必要又有利又有利2021/8/11 星期三311.in return 反过来反过来12.far outweigh.远远比远远比重要重要13.first of all 首先首先14.shopping online 网上购物网上购物15.due to lack of supervision 由于缺乏监督由于缺乏监督16.whats worse 更糟糕的是更糟糕的是2021/8/11 星期三417.bank account 银行账户银行账户18.be harmful to 对对有害有害19.for instance 例如例如20.search

3、 for 寻找寻找21.end up doing 以做以做结束结束22.become disoriented 变得不知所措变得不知所措2021/8/11 星期三51.Most students agree that it helps them develop the habits of reading aloud.很多很多学生认为它有助于培养朗读的习惯。学生认为它有助于培养朗读的习惯。2.Therefore,more attention should be given to teaching and learning spoken English.因此要更加注意教学英语口语。因此要更加注意教学

4、英语口语。相关句式相关句式2021/8/11 星期三63.Second,some of the products sold online are probably fake ones due to lack of supervision.其次其次,由于缺乏监督由于缺乏监督,有些网有些网上出售的产品很可能是假货。上出售的产品很可能是假货。4.There is no doubt that it is very convenient for us to have online shopping.毫无疑问毫无疑问,网上购物很方便。网上购物很方便。2021/8/11 星期三76.any students

5、 rely so much on the Internet that they have lost their ability to create.很多学生过度依赖互联网很多学生过度依赖互联网,以以致于失去了创新能力。致于失去了创新能力。1.注意审题注意审题,避免缺漏信息点。一般避免缺漏信息点。一般而言而言,观点论证的文章通常都是总观点论证的文章通常都是总分或总分总的结构。分或总分总的结构。技巧点技巧点拨2021/8/11 星期三82.考生在论证观点的时候要注意行文严密考生在论证观点的时候要注意行文严密的逻辑性的逻辑性,因此考生要注意使用相关的连因此考生要注意使用相关的连词、副词或者短语提升文

6、章的层次感。词、副词或者短语提升文章的层次感。3.在语言运用方面在语言运用方面,考生可以掌握一考生可以掌握一些常用于议论文写作的短语和句型些常用于议论文写作的短语和句型,如如compared with.,it is clear/obvious that.,From what I have mentioned above we can see that.等。等。2021/8/11 星期三9典型例典型例题你校进行题为你校进行题为“是否应该考查英语口语是否应该考查英语口语”的的英语辩论赛。以下是正方的主要观点：英语辩论赛。以下是正方的主要观点：略略写作内容写作内容请你根据以上内容写一篇短文请你根据以

7、上内容写一篇短文,代表正方作代表正方作最后的总结陈词。最后的总结陈词。1.阐述考查英语口语对各方面的积极影响；阐述考查英语口语对各方面的积极影响；2.呼吁各界重视英语口语教学。呼吁各界重视英语口语教学。写作要求写作要求只能使用只能使用5个句子表达全部内容个句子表达全部内容;首句首句已给出已给出,不计入句子总数。不计入句子总数。2021/8/11 星期三10例题导写例题导写1.认真审题。在本作文题的完成中认真审题。在本作文题的完成中,不少不少考生都集中精力对图表内容进行描述考生都集中精力对图表内容进行描述,却却忽略了写作内容里的第二个要点：呼吁忽略了写作内容里的第二个要点：呼吁各界重视英语口语教

8、学。因此各界重视英语口语教学。因此,考生在下考生在下笔前笔前,要通读题目要通读题目,不能漏掉细节。不能漏掉细节。2021/8/11 星期三112.分析文体。论证观点无疑属于议论文的分析文体。论证观点无疑属于议论文的范畴范畴,着重于说理性和逻辑性。考生在写作着重于说理性和逻辑性。考生在写作前要对信息点进行分析，理清信息点之间前要对信息点进行分析，理清信息点之间的关系是递进，转折还是因果关系。本文的关系是递进，转折还是因果关系。本文中中,考查口语对学生、教师和社会三方面都考查口语对学生、教师和社会三方面都是有利的是有利的,这就是递进关系这就是递进关系,而最后呼吁各而最后呼吁各界重视英语口语教学则与

9、前面内容构成因界重视英语口语教学则与前面内容构成因果关系果关系,因此考生可以选用适因此考生可以选用适当的连词提高文章的逻辑性。当的连词提高文章的逻辑性。2021/8/11 星期三123.划分信息。本题的信息点较多划分信息。本题的信息点较多,考生在写考生在写作前一定要先划分信息点作前一定要先划分信息点,否则就会导致写否则就会导致写作过程中漏掉信息点或者导致思维混乱。作过程中漏掉信息点或者导致思维混乱。呼吁各界重视口语教学无疑可以作为最后呼吁各界重视口语教学无疑可以作为最后一个信息点一个信息点,而对学生、教师、社会有利则而对学生、教师、社会有利则要用四个句子概括。因此考生可以考虑要用四个句子概括。

10、因此考生可以考虑2个句子表达口语考试对学生的有利因素个句子表达口语考试对学生的有利因素,1个句子表达其对教师的好处个句子表达其对教师的好处,1个句子表达其对社会的好处。个句子表达其对社会的好处。2021/8/11 星期三134.词汇整理词汇整理 翻译或完成下列短语。翻译或完成下列短语。句句1：(1)养成养成的习惯的习惯 _(2)提高水平提高水平 _improve ones leveldevelop/form the habit of.2021/8/11 星期三14(3)认识到认识到 _(4)同等重要同等重要 _句句3：(5)关注关注 _focus on/focus ones attention

11、 on/concentrate oncome to realize that/be aware thatbe as important as/be of the same importance as句句2：2021/8/11 星期三15(6)提高能力提高能力/技能技能_ (7)增加趣味性增加趣味性 _ 句句5(8)重视重视 _attach importance to/pay attention todevelop ones skillmake.more interesting/add interest to2021/8/11 星期三165.难句翻译难句翻译 翻译下列每组句子并合并成一句。翻译下

12、列每组句子并合并成一句。句句1：(1)促使促使(学生学生)多阅读多阅读,多对话。多对话。(1)It helps students develop the habits of reading aloud and having conversations in English.(2)提高提高(学生学生)英语水平。英语水平。(2)It improves their English level.2021/8/11 星期三17合并：合并：Most students agree that it can improve their English level by helping them develop

13、the habits of reading aloud and having conversations in English.(by.表示手段表示手段)或或Most students agree that it helps them develop the habits of reading aloud and having conversations in English so that they can improve their English level.2021/8/11 星期三18(结果状语从句结果状语从句)或或Most students agree that it helps

14、them develop the habits of reading aloud and having conversations in English which in turn improves their English level.(定语从句定语从句)2021/8/11 星期三19句句3：(1)(口语测试使教师口语测试使教师)关注口语教学。关注口语教学。(1)The speaking test pushes our teachers to focus more on teaching spoken English.(2)(口语测试使教师口语测试使教师)提高自身口语水平。提高自身口语水平

15、。(2)The speaking test encourages teachers to improve their own spoken language skills.(3)(口语教学口语教学)提高课堂趣味性。提高课堂趣味性。(3)English teaching makes the class more interesting.2021/8/11 星期三20合并：合并：The speaking test pushes our teachers to focus more on teaching spoken English,makes the class more interesting

16、 and encourages teachers to improve their own spoken language skills.2021/8/11 星期三214.连句成文连句成文(1)在某人看来：在某人看来：in ones opinion/as far as sb.is concerned/from where one stands/from ones perspective/in ones viewpoint(2)同意某个观点同意某个观点:agree with sb./be for the opinion that/firmly support the view that 2021

17、/8/11 星期三22(3)首先：首先：above all/first of all/to start with/to begin with/in the first place/in the first instance(4)表示表示“递进递进”的词汇：的词汇：Whats more/in addition/besides/moreover/furthermore/additionally/For one thing,for another.(一方面一方面,另一方面另一方面)2021/8/11 星期三23(5)因此因此:as a result/thus/hence/so/therefore/a

18、ccordingly/consequently/as consequence(6)表示表示“总结总结”的词汇的词汇:on the whole/in conclusion/in a word/to sum up/in brief/in summary/to conclude/to summarize/in short2021/8/11 星期三24参考范文参考范文 Ladies and gentlemen,in summary our team has argued that the testing of spoken English is both necessary and beneficia

19、l.Most students agree that it helps them develop the habits of reading aloud and having conversations in English which in return improves their English level.2021/8/11 星期三25Students come to realize that oral English is as important as reading and writing.In addition,the speaking test pushes our teac

20、hers to focus more on teaching spoken English,makes the class more interesting and encourages teachers to improve their own spoken language skills.2021/8/11 星期三26Nowadays,English is considered to be a global language so we can use it to communicate with people from other countries more easily.Theref

21、ore,we believe that more attention should be given to teaching and learning spoken English and this can be done by testing spoken English.2021/8/11 星期三27能力提高能力提高1.短语翻译短语翻译(1)众所周知众所周知:(2)基于；根据基于；根据:(3)以致以致:(4)有助于有助于:contribute toas is known to allon the basis ofso that2021/8/11 星期三28(5)考虑到这严重的状况考虑到这严

22、重的状况:in view of such serious situation/having considered this serious situation(6)以往任何时候以往任何时候:than ever before(7)通过以上讨论通过以上讨论:from what has been discussed above2021/8/11 星期三29(8)得出一个结论得出一个结论:draw a conclusion(9)远比远比重要重要:far outweigh.(10)把把置于一个有利的位置置于一个有利的位置:put.in a beneficial position2021/8/11 星期三

23、30on the basis of,due to,so that,without,As is known to all,Similarly,leads to,Therefore2.作文填空作文填空 1 _,all the achievements of mankind are 2 _the development of science and technology.Social science and natural science are inseparable from each other,although the former 3 _the spiritual development

24、of human beings and the latter is concerned with the understanding of the world and the making of things.leads to As is known to alldue to2021/8/11 星期三31Social science will not develop 4 _ the new discoveries of natural science about the world.5 _,natural science will stop to advance without the phi

25、losophy provided by social science.This kind of relationship has become even closer in modern society.A great number of new inventions come into existence 6 _ the two sciences.on the basis ofwithoutSimilarly2021/8/11 星期三32 7 _,as college students,we need to broaden our knowledge.We ought to learn as

26、 much knowledge of the two sciences as possible 8 _ we may be of great help in the construction of our country.so that Therefore2021/8/11 星期三333.翻译句子翻译句子(1)许多家长相信通过额外的教育活动许多家长相信通过额外的教育活动,他们他们的孩子可以获得很多实践技能和有用的知识的孩子可以获得很多实践技能和有用的知识,当他们长大后当他们长大后.这些对他们就业是大有好处的。这些对他们就业是大有好处的。Many parents hold the opinion

27、 that through additional educational activities their children are able to obtain many kinds of practical skills and useful knowledge,which will put them in a beneficial position in the future job markets when they grow up.2021/8/11 星期三34(2)许多专家指出体育锻炼有助于身体健康。许多专家指出体育锻炼有助于身体健康。(2)Many experts point o

28、ut that physical exercise is of great benefit to a persons health./Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes to a persons physical fitness.2021/8/11 星期三35(3)大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力机会发展人际交往能力,而这对他们未来找工而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。作是非常有好处的。(3)The majority of students believ

29、e that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their inter-personal skills,which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets/which may be of great help for them to find a job in the future.2021/8/11 星期三36(4)考虑到这严重的状况考虑到这严重的状况,我们比以往任何我们比以往任何时候更需要像自行车这样的环保

30、型交通工具。时候更需要像自行车这样的环保型交通工具。(4)In view of such a serious situation,environmental tools of transportation like bicycles are more important than any time before./Having considered this serious situation,we need such environmentally-friendly vehicles as bicycles more than ever before.2021/8/11 星期三37(5)通过

31、以上讨论通过以上讨论,我们可以得出如下结论：我们可以得出如下结论：尽管家长想亲自照看孩子的愿望是可以理尽管家长想亲自照看孩子的愿望是可以理解的解的,但是这样做的缺点远大于优点。但是这样做的缺点远大于优点。From what has been discussed above,we may safely draw a conclusion that,although the parents desire to look after children by themselves is understandable,its disadvantages far outweigh the advantag

32、es.2021/8/11 星期三38课堂堂练习假设你的朋友假设你的朋友John写信告诉你他打算开通网银进行网写信告诉你他打算开通网银进行网上购物上购物,但你并不赞成网上购物但你并不赞成网上购物,于是给他写了一封信于是给他写了一封信,陈述了网上购物的弊端。陈述了网上购物的弊端。1.浪费钱浪费钱(1)购买不需要的物品购买不需要的物品 (2)商品可能是伪劣产品商品可能是伪劣产品2.不安全不安全(1)个人资料容易泄密个人资料容易泄密 (2)银行帐号被盗用银行帐号被盗用写作内容写作内容1.你对网上购物的看法；你对网上购物的看法；2.你为何持有这种看法；你为何持有这种看法；3.建议理智的消费。建议理智的消

33、费。2021/8/11 星期三39参考范文参考范文 You are writing to tell me that you are going to open the online bank service for shopping online but I dont think its a good idea.There is no doubt that it is very convenient for us to have online shopping but the disadvantages of it far outweigh the advantages.First of al

34、l,shopping online is a waste of money because buyers tend to be persuaded into buying something they dont really need.2021/8/11 星期三40Second,some of the products sold online are probably fake ones due to lack of supervision.Whats worse,nowadays there are also many reports related to online shopping t

35、hat personal information and even bank accounts are stolen.Therefore,I suggest that you think twice and remain rational when you are shopping online.2021/8/11 星期三41精华点评精华点评 根据写作的内容根据写作的内容,本文的结构应该是总本文的结构应该是总分总，第一句总起说明作者的观点，分总，第一句总起说明作者的观点，而最后一句使用而最后一句使用therefore总结作者的观点。总结作者的观点。范文开篇通过范文开篇通过there is no

36、 doubt that的句型，的句型，采用了先抑后扬的写作手法采用了先抑后扬的写作手法,使观点更客使观点更客观和鲜明。观和鲜明。2021/8/11 星期三42考生平时注意积累词汇考生平时注意积累词汇,如使用了如使用了tend to be persuaded into doing sth.表示消费者容易被表示消费者容易被误导消费误导消费,fake表示表示“伪劣的伪劣的”。最后。最后,建议建议“理智消费理智消费”,很多考生可以用很多考生可以用think twice和和remain rational。在连贯性方面在连贯性方面,本文使本文使用了用了first of all,second,whats w

37、orse等递进等递进连词使文章的层次分明。连词使文章的层次分明。2021/8/11 星期三43课外作外作业写作内容写作内容1.阐述现代技术对于学生的负面影响；阐述现代技术对于学生的负面影响；2.呼吁学生重视传统的学习手段。呼吁学生重视传统的学习手段。1.容易使学生分神容易使学生分神例子：开电脑查资料，最后变成看视频例子：开电脑查资料，最后变成看视频2.在大量的信息中不知所措在大量的信息中不知所措3.依赖网络依赖网络4.失去创造力和独立思考能力失去创造力和独立思考能力假设你们班就假设你们班就“现代技术对学生的学习是否有好现代技术对学生的学习是否有好处处”展开了讨论展开了讨论,你作为反方代表进行发

38、言。你作为反方代表进行发言。2021/8/11 星期三44参考范文参考范文 Marvelous as it looks at first sight,modern technology does not help students learn information at a greater speed and with higher efficiency in most cases.First of all,modern technology is harmful to a learning mind because it distracts.For instance,a student i

39、s likely to turn on his computer to search for resources,but end up watching videos.Also,students would easily become disoriented in the huge sea of information.2021/8/11 星期三45Furthermore,many students rely so much on the Internet that they have lost their ability to create and think independently.F

40、rom what I have stated above,I can draw a conclusion that modern technology does not help students learn more quickly or better and students should not ignore the traditional means of learning.2021/8/11 星期三46精华点评精华点评 这篇范文语言精炼，言简意赅。很多考生误以为英这篇范文语言精炼，言简意赅。很多考生误以为英语写作要长篇大论，但有时却容易使文章显得累赘。范语写作要长篇大论，但有时却容易

41、使文章显得累赘。范文使用文使用distract表示使学生分心表示使学生分心,使用使用become disoriented表示使学生表示使学生(在大量信息中在大量信息中)不知所措，这些用词都是比不知所措，这些用词都是比较地道的，另外在举例说明时，范文用较地道的，另外在举例说明时，范文用end up doing sth的短语生动地说明了网上信息如何让学生分心。最后，的短语生动地说明了网上信息如何让学生分心。最后，考生不要忘记议论文的逻辑性和连贯性，如本文用了考生不要忘记议论文的逻辑性和连贯性，如本文用了first of all，for instance，but，also，furthermore，from what I have stated above等连词提高文章的连贯性。等连词提高文章的连贯性。2021/8/11 星期三47Thankyou!Thankyou!2021/8/11 星期三482021/8/11 星期三49