A2O工艺设计说明书.docx

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1、目录设计总说明IGeneral Information of the designV1 前言11.1 设计背景11.1.1 进水水质11.1.2 出水水质41.1.3 气象水文资料41.2 处理工艺比较51.2.1 我国城市生活污水处理概述51.2.2 工艺确定72 污水处理系统的设计计算102.1 设计流量102.2 进水观察井102.2.1 进水观察井设计要求如下102.2.2 污水厂进水管设计112.3 中格栅112.3.1 格栅设计要求112.3.2 设计参数122.3.3 中格栅的设计计算122.4 细格栅142.4.1细格栅设计参数142.4.2细格栅的设计计算152.5污水提升泵

2、房的设计172.5.1选泵172.5.2 集水池182.5.3潜水泵的布置192.5.4泵房高度的确定192.5.5 泵房附属设施202.5.6泵房值班室、控制室及配电间202.5.7单管出水井的设计202.6曝气沉砂池设计212.6.1曝气沉砂池参数212.6.2曝气沉砂池计算212.6.3曝气沉砂池进水232.6.4曝气沉砂池出水232.6.5曝气方式242.6.6设备选型242.7平流式初沉池252.7.1 初沉池主体设计252.7.2进出水设计272.8 A/O工艺的设计计算282.8.1 A/O工艺282.8.2 A/O工艺流程292.8.3 A/O工艺设计规定292.8.4 设计参

3、数8292.8.5 好氧区容积计算302.8.6 缺氧池容积的计算312.8.7 剩余污泥量332.8.8 好氧反应池主要尺寸342.8.9 需氧量及曝气系统设计计算342.8.10 空气管系统计算及管路图布置362.8.11 缺氧反应池主要尺寸362.8.12 A/O池进出水设计362.8.13 污泥回流泵房372.9 二沉池372.9.1设计要求及参数382.9.2 设计计算382.9.3 二沉池集配水井的设计计算412.10 消毒接触池的主体设计422.10.1 接触池422.10.2 消毒方法的选择422.10.3 加氯间设计计算452.11 巴氏计量槽设计452.11.1 设计参数4

4、52.11.2设计计算462.11.3计量堰水头损失计算483污泥处理系统的设计计算493.1 污泥处理设计说明493.1.1浓缩池的设计493.2.1设计参数及设计要求513.2.2 设计计算513.3污泥脱水机房543.3.1设计依据543.3.2设计参数543.3.3设计计算544污水处理厂的总体布置564.1污水处理厂平面布置564.1.1平面布置原则564.1.2总平面布置574.1.3污水处理厂平面布置尺寸584.2污水处理厂高程布置584.2.1高程布置原则584.2.2污水处理构筑物高程计算594.2.3管渠水头损失计算604.2.4污泥处理构筑物高程计算655 投资估算与环境

5、效益分析675.1 投资估算675.2工程造价分析675.2.1基本建设投资估算685.2.2 生产成本分析计算695.3环境影响及对策725.3.1施工过程中对环境影响及对策72参考文献74致谢75西安市西郊7万m/d污水处理厂工艺设计（A/O工艺）设计总说明一、设计概述本污水处理厂是采用具有脱氮除磷的AO工艺，即厌氧-好氧活性污泥脱氮系统，将反硝化反应放置在系统之首。此法处理出水水质高、构筑物占地面积小、耗能较低流程简单，无需外加碳源，建设和运行费用较低。该流程的一级处理是由格栅、曝气沉砂池，初沉池组成，其作用是去除污水中层悬浮状的固体污染物以及污水中的砂粒。经过一级处理的污水，BOD一般

6、只除去20%30%，氨氮含量几乎没有消减，达不到排放标准，它属于二级处理的预处理而已。二级处理系统是污水处理厂的核心部分，它的作用是去除呈胶体和溶解状的有机污染物以（BOD或COD示）及污水中含量较高的氨氮。通过二级处理，这些污染物的出去率可达80%以上，使有机污染物达到排放水体标准和灌溉要求。污泥是污水处理过程的副产品，也是必然产品。它含有大量有机物，富有肥分，可作为农肥使用，但又因其含有细菌、寄生虫卵以及从污水中带来的重金属离子等，需要作稳定化与无害化处理，否则会造成二级污染。对污泥处理系统多采用重力浓缩、脱水等技术组成的系统。二、设计任务和范围本次设计内容为全面熟悉城市污水处理的传统工艺

7、和先进工艺，根据要求设计工艺方案，完成计算书，成本核算后进行工艺完善及绘制设计图。本设计范围为对污水处理厂厂内的污水处理构筑物、污泥处理构筑物及必要的附属建筑进行工艺及总图的初步设计，不包括收集管网及泵站部分。三、设计原则1、基础数据可靠认真研究各项基础资料、基本数据，全面分析各项影响因素，充分掌握水质水量的特点和地域特性，合理选择好设计参数，为工程设计提供可靠的依据。2、厂址选择合理根据城镇总体规划和排水工程专业规划，结合建设地区地形、气象条件，经全面地分析比较，选择建设条件好、环境影响小的厂址，功能分区明确，生产、生活、人、物、车流向合理。3、工艺先进实用选择技术先进、运行稳定、投资和处理

8、成本合理的污水污泥处理工艺，积极慎重地采用经过实践证明行之有效的新技术、新工艺、新材料和新设备，使污水处理工艺先进，运行可靠，处理后水质稳定地达标排放。4、总体布置考虑周全根据处理工艺流程和各建筑物、构筑物的功能要求，结合厂址地形、地址和气候条件，全面考虑施工、运行和维护的要求，协调好平面布置、高程布置及管线布置间的相互关系，力求整体布局合理完美。5、避免二次污染污水处理工艺作为环境保护工程，应避免或尽量减少对环境的负面影响，如空气、噪声、固体废物污染等；妥善处置污水处理过程中产生的栅渣、沉砂、污泥和臭气等，避免对环境的二次污染。6、运行管理方便以人为本，充分考虑便于污水厂运行管理的措施。污水

9、处理过程中的自动控制，力求安全可靠、经济实用，以利提高管理水平，降低劳动强度和运行费用。7、近期远期结合污水处理厂设计因近远期全面规划，不宜分期建设的部分，如配水井、泵房及加药间等，其土建部分应一次建成；在无远期规划的情况下，设计时应为以后的发展留有挖潜和扩建的条件，污水厂的厂区面积，应按项目总规模控制，并做出分期建设的安排，合理确定近期规模。8、满足安全要求污水处理厂设计须充分考虑安全运行要求，如适当设置分流设施、超越管线等。厂区消防的设计和消化池、贮气罐及其他危险单元设计，应符合相应安全设计规范的要求。四、设计规范及标准污水处理厂工程设计的主要依据包括工程建设单位（甲方）的设计委托书及设计

10、合同、工程可行性研究报告及批准书、污水处理厂建设的环境影响评价、城市现状与总体规划资料、排水专业规划及排水工程概况，以及其他与工程建设有关的文件。主要文件有：污水综合排放标准（GB8978-96）城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准（GB189182002）污水排入城市下水道水质标准（CJ3082-1999）地表水环境质量标准（GB3838-2002）城镇污水处理工程项目建设标准（2001）建筑给排水设计规范五、主要技术资料l、气温：年平均12.9，冬季平均气温8，夏季平均气温30，最高40，最低-8。 2、风向风速：该地区属暖温带半湿润的季风气候区，西安410月平均风速2.55m/s，主导风向为东北

11、风。410月，西安主导风为东北，第二主导风为西南风。 3、降水量：年平均降雨量500800mm，全年雨量集中在其中69月份，占全年的60%。 4、冬季最大冻土深度1.5m，最大积雪深度0.27m，该污水厂位于西安市西郊，地势平坦，地下水位深埋在4-11m，地质状况良好，土地承载力12t/m2 。污水管进厂管底标高为151.9m，管径1400mm。污水厂二级处理出水排入渭河，河底标高150.2m，渭河多年平均流量为215.28m3/s，平均水深2.5m。污水处理厂厂区地坪设计标高为157.5m六、主要技术指标设计水量：规模为9104m3/d，变化系数：Kz=1.3，分为2组，每组处理量为4.51

12、04m3/d。进出水水质：项目PH值SSCODBOD5NH3-NTP废水水质78302.8428.6239.728.43.7排水水质692010020252构筑物确定：中格栅 1台细格栅 2台污水提升泵房 2座曝气沉砂池 2座平流式初沉池 3座A/O池 2座二沉池 2座回流污泥泵房 2座剩余污泥泵房 1座接触消毒池 1座消化池 3座污泥提升泵房 1座污泥脱水间 1座鼓风机房 1座关键词：城市污水处理；AO工艺；脱氮除磷；水质 The western suburbs of Xian 70000 m / d wastewater treatment plant process designGene

13、ral Information of the design1 Design overviewThe sewage treatment plant with nitrogen and phosphorus removal is the use of AO process, that is anaerobic - aerobic activated sludge denitrification system, denitrification in the system in the first place. This method handle high water quality, struct

14、ure, small footprint, low energy consumption and simple process, no external carbon source, construction and operation costs are lower.The process is handled by a grille, aerated grit chamber, primary sedimentation tank, whose role is to remove the middle sewage contaminants and suspended solids lik

15、e sewage grit. After a treated effluent, BOD removal is generally only 20% to 30%, ammonia content is almost no abatement, reach emission standards, it belongs to the two pre-treatment only.Secondary treatment system is the core part of the sewage treatment plant, and its role is to remove colloid a

16、nd dissolved organic pollutants like (BOD or COD shown) and higher levels of ammonia in the effluent. Through the secondary treatment, these pollutants out rate of 80% or more, the organic pollutants meet the emission standards and irrigation water requirements.Sewage sludge is a byproduct of the pr

17、ocess, but also the inevitable product. It contains a lot of organic matter, rich fields as a nutrient, can be used as agricultural fertilizer use, but it contains bacteria, parasites and eggs brought from wastewater heavy metal ions, etc., needs to be stabilized and harmless, otherwise it will crea

18、te two contamination. For sludge treatment systems use gravity thickening, dewatering and other technical components of the system.2 Design and scope of the taskThis design is fully familiar with the contents of the traditional municipal wastewater treatment processes and advanced technology, accord

19、ing to the requirements of the design process plan, the completion of calculations, after costing process improvement and design drawings.The design range for the sewage treatment plant sewage treatment plant structures, sludge treatment structures and processes necessary outbuildings for the prelim

20、inary design and the total figure does not include the collection pipe network and pumping station parts.Third, the design principles(1The basic data reliabilityCareful study of the basic data, basic data, a comprehensive analysis of the various factors affecting water quality and quantity to fully

21、grasp the characteristics and geographical characteristics, reasonable choice of good design parameters for engineering design to provide a reliable basis.(2) Site selection and reasonableAccording to the overall planning of urban planning and drainage engineering, combined with building terrain, we

22、ather conditions, after a comprehensive analysis and comparison of selected construction conditions, environmental impact of the site, functional area clear, production, life, people, goods, vehicles and reasonable flow .(3) Advanced technology and practicalSelect the advanced technology, stable ope

23、ration, investment and handling costs reasonable sewage sludge treatment processes, and actively carefully proven effective use of new technologies, new processes, new materials and new equipment, the sewage treatment process advanced, reliable operation , treated water quality and stable discharge

24、standards.(4)The overall layout of thoughtfulAccording to the processing process and the buildings, structures, functional requirements, combined with the site topography, address and climatic conditions, fully consider the construction, operation and maintenance requirements, and coordinate layout,

25、 elevation layout and arrangement of the relationship between the pipeline, and strive to overall rational layout perfectly.(5)To avoid secondary pollutionSewage treatment process as environmental engineering, should avoid or minimize adverse effects on the environment, such as air, noise, solid was

26、te pollution; properly dispose of sewage generated in the process gate residue, grit, sludge and odor, etc., avoid secondary pollution to the environment.(6)Easy operation and managementPeople-oriented, fully consider the ease of operation and management measures for wastewater treatment plant. Sewa

27、ge treatment process automatic control, and strive to safe, reliable, economical and practical, in order to facilitate improved management and reduce labor intensity and operating costs.(7)combined with the recent long-termSewage treatment plants should be designed and long term comprehensive planni

28、ng, not phased construction of parts, such as with wells, pumping stations and inter-dosing, with its civil part should once completed; in case of no long-term planning, the design should be for the future tapping the potential of the development and expansion of the conditions left, sewage plant fa

29、ctory area, the total size of the project should be controlled, and make arrangements for phased construction, rationally determine the scale recently.(8) to meet the safety requirementsSewage treatment plants shall be designed to take full account of the safe operation requirements, such as setting

30、 appropriate diversion facilities, beyond pipelines. Plant design and digestion tank fire, other hazards emergency air tank unit shall be designed to comply with the appropriate safety design specifications.(9)the design specifications and standardsSewage treatment plant based primarily on engineeri

31、ng design including engineering construction unit (Party) power of attorney and design contract design, engineering feasibility study report and ratification, the construction of sewage treatment plant environmental impact assessment, urban planning information with the overall situation, drainage p

32、rofessional planning and drainage project profiles, and other construction-related documents. 3 Design specifications and standardsIntegrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB8978-96)Urban sewage treatment plant pollutant discharge standards(GB18918-2002)Sewage discharged into the city sewer water q

33、uality standards(CJ3082-1999)Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard(GB3838-2002)Urban sewage treatment project construction standards (2001)Architecture drainage design specifications 4 The main technical data(1) Temperature: the average 12.9 , the average winter temperature 8 , the average su

34、mmer temperature is 30 , the highest 40 , the lowest -8 .(2)Wind direction and speed: The area is warm temperate semi-humid monsoon climate zone, Xian from April to October average wind speed 2.55m / s, dominant wind direction is northeasterly. From April to October, Xian dominant northeast winds, t

35、he second leading wind is southwest wind. (3) Rainfall: average annual rainfall of 500 800mm, annual rainfall concentrated in June to September which accounted for 60% of the year.(4)The winter maximum frozen depth 1.5m, maximum snow depth of 0.27m,(5)The wastewater treatment plant is located in the

36、 western suburbs of Xian, flat, groundwater buried in 4-11m, good geology, land carrying capacity 12t/m2. Sewer pipe into the factory bottom elevation of 151.9m, diameter 1400mm.(6)Secondary treatment effluent discharged into the sewage plant Weihe river elevation 150.2m, Weihe average annual flow o

37、f 215.28m3 / s, an average depth of 2.5m.Sewage treatment plant factory floor design elevation of 157.5m5 The main technical indicatorsDesign of water: the scale of 9 104m3 / d, the coefficient of variation: Kz = 1.3, divided into two groups, each handling capacity of 4.5 104m3 / d.design water qual

38、ityProjectPH valueSSCODBOD5NH3-NTPWastewater quality69250400300355Drainage water quality692010020252Structures to determineCoarse grid 2Fine grid 2Sewage lift pump 2Aerated grit chamber 2Advection primary sedimentation tank 3A / O pool 2Secondary settling tank 2Return sludge pumping station 2Sludge

39、pumping station 1Contact with disinfectant pool 1Digester 3Enhance a sludge pump 1Sludge dewatering 1Blower room 1Keywords: urban sewage treatment; AB craft; nitrogen and phosphorus removal; water西安市西郊7万m/d污水处理厂工艺设计（A/O工艺）1 前言1.1 设计背景西安是生态优美、环境宜人的西部城市。西安北濒渭河，北有著名黄土高原，南有秦岭山脉，自然景观优美。西安市位于渭河流域中部关中盆地，北临

40、渭河和黄土高原，南邻秦岭。东以零河和灞源山地为界，与华县、渭南市、商州市、洛南县相接；西以太白山地及青化黄土台塬为界，与眉县、太白县接壤；南至北秦岭主脊，与佛坪县、宁陕县、柞水县分界；北至渭河，东北跨渭河，与咸阳市区、杨凌区和三原、泾阳、兴平、武功、扶风、富平等县（市）相邻。西安属于暖温带半湿润的季风气候区，雨量适中，四季分明。年最高气温在40摄氏度左右，年最低温度在-8摄氏度左右.无霜期平均为219233天。1月份最冷，平均气温-0.51.3,平均最低温度-3.8；7月份最热，平均气温26.327，平均最高气温32.2；年平均气温13.6(1)受纳水体渭河全长818公里，流域面积13.43万

41、平方公里。上游以及北岸泾河、洛河等支流，流经黄土高原，夹带大量泥沙。渭河流域属大陆性气候，年均温613，年降水量500800毫米，其中69月份占60%，多为短时暴雨，冬春降水较少，春旱、伏旱频繁。渭河流域属于干旱半干旱地区，年平均气温614，年平均降水量450700毫米，年蒸发量10002000毫米，无霜期120220天。多年平均径流量102亿立方米(19341970年系列)，年内变化与降水相似。610月为汛期，多暴雨，降水强度大，其中7、8、9月大汛期间的径流占全年的60%70%。年平均流量323立方米每秒，而实测最大洪峰流量7660立方米每秒（1954年），调查最大洪峰流量10800立方米

42、每秒。（2）主导风向西安410月平均风速0.72.6m/s，主导风向为东北风。410月，西安主导风为东北，第二主导风为西南。1.1.1 进水水质(1)生活平均日污水量（据人口数计算） 式中： 居住区生活污水设计流量，m3/d ； 设计人口数，人； 居住区居民生活用水量定额L/capd，设计取qi=150 L/capd 污水排放系数；本设计取=0.8则有：QP1=Nq=0.833.310415010-3=4104 m3/d(2)城市公共建筑水量：(按城市生活污水量的30计）QP2=1.2104 m3/d (3)工业污水量（包括厂区生活与淋浴用水）QP3= 1.8 m3/d； (4)平均日混合污水

43、量Q=QP1+ QP2+ QP3=4.0104+1.2104+1.8 =7.0 m3/dBOD5 228mg/L COD470 mg/L SS235 mg/LTN 42 mg/L NH3-N= 25 mg/L TP4.0 mg/LPH78 BOD5 的计算： 式中： 每人每天排放的BOD5 ，经查阅本设计取30g/（人d） 每人每天排放污水的升数，经查阅本设计取150L/（人d） 则有 BOD5 =250mg/l SS的计算：SS=100040/1500.8=333.3mg/l(5)混合污水水质：式中： A为生活污水单项平行值 B为工业污水单项平行值 q为生活污水量 Q为工业污水量计算： COD= SS= (6)城市混合污水总变化系数： 日变化系数取：K日 1.2 总变化系数取：Kz 1.4表 1-1 设计水量表项目设计用水量m3/dm3/hL/s平均日水量700002916.7810.2最大日水量840003500972.2最大日最大时水量980004083.31134.31.1.2 出水水质城市污水经处理后，就近排入水体。污水处理厂出水水质参考城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准（GB18918-2002）中的一级B标准，并尽量争取提高出水水质，因此确定本污水厂出水水质控制为： CODCr60mg/L SS20mg/L BOD520mg/L