名词性从句课件ppt.ppt
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1、Related Conception(相关概念相关概念)1.名词名词:表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。同位语。The boy is li Ming.主语表语Mr.Liang,a 24-year-old boy,teaches us English.主语同位语宾语在英语的句子结构中,本来该由名词充当的主语、宾在英语的句子结构中,本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语,由一个句子来充当语、表语和同位语,由一个句子来充当,这
2、个句子就这个句子就叫名词性从句。叫名词性从句。什么是名词性从句什么是名词性从句?名名词词性性从从句句主语从句主语从句(The Subject Clause)宾语从句宾语从句 (The Object Clause)表语从句表语从句 (The Predicative Clause)同位语从句同位语从句 (The Appositive Clause)寒假来临,不少的高中毕业生和大学在校生都选择去打工。准备过一个充实而有意义的寒假。但是,目前社会上寒假招工的陷阱很多 名词性从句 主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句主语从句在句中做-宾语从句在句中做-表语从句在句中做-同位语从句在句中-主语宾语表语同位语
3、1.That he will come is certain.2.I know that he will come.3.The truth is that I have been there.4.The fact that she was late surprised us.主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句寒假来临,不少的高中毕业生和大学在校生都选择去打工。准备过一个充实而有意义的寒假。但是,目前社会上寒假招工的陷阱很多1.为什么叫名词性从句?2._整个从句相当于一个名词比较:The man looked around.That the boy failed again in the exa
4、m disappointed his mother.同样作主语,从句可以表示较复杂的含义,一般是个动作或性质I know him.I know that he is writing his composition in his room2.为什么要有名词性从句?那人看了看四周.(名词作主语)那孩子考试又不及格令他母亲很失望.(从句作主语)我知道他在房间里写作文.从句的特征:是一个句子,有一个引导词,引导词做从句的一个成分(that 除外)名词能做的成分,从句都能做 从句表达的意思比名词复杂得多请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句What I want to do is
5、taking a bath.The news that they won the game spread the whole school.I dont think he is an honest boy.The fact is that he stole the car.Do you know the fact that he stole the car?Do you know the man who is standing over there?It is said that they won the game.(主从主从)(同位语从句同位语从句)(宾从宾从)(表从表从)(同位语从句同位语
6、从句)(定从定从)(主从主从)寒假来临,不少的高中毕业生和大学在校生都选择去打工。准备过一个充实而有意义的寒假。但是,目前社会上寒假招工的陷阱很多 主语从句that whether who whom whose what which when where why how从 句引导词:1.That he knows Japanese is known to all.他懂英语,这一点大家都知道令我惊讶的是在这儿见到他.3.When he will come is unknown.4.Whether he is coming doesnt matter much.他来不来没什么要紧的他什么时候来不清
7、楚.他们是怎么登上山顶的仍是个秘密.5.It remains a secret how they climbed up the mountain.主语从句的位置主语从句的位置 1.在句首在句首 2.主语较长时通常放主语较长时通常放在后面在后面,句首主语用句首主语用 It 主语太长了!放到句尾Details Details Details Details That无词义无词义,不可省略不可省略What“什么”,“所.的”2.What surprised me was to see him here.When“什么时候”主语从句主语从句不用不用 if位于句首位于句首寒假来临,不少的高中毕业生和大学
8、在校生都选择去打工。准备过一个充实而有意义的寒假。但是,目前社会上寒假招工的陷阱很多主语从句主语从句v主语从句在复合句中做句子的主语。主语从句在复合句中做句子的主语。1.That most of these are now threatened and may disappear is a serious matter to the people in Britain.2.Why he failed the exam wasnt clear.4.It is a pity that she cannot come.3.Whether he has failed the exam wasnt cl
9、ear.寒假来临,不少的高中毕业生和大学在校生都选择去打工。准备过一个充实而有意义的寒假。但是,目前社会上寒假招工的陷阱很多2)主语从句的连接词主语从句的连接词1.连连词词that(无无词词义义,不不作作成成分分,不不能能省省略略,只只起起连连接作用接作用);whether(是否是否),不作成分不作成分,不用不用if.That he will come and help us is certain.Whether we will succeed is still a question.注意注意:已确定的事由已确定的事由thatthat引导引导;没决定的事由没决定的事由whetherwhethe
10、r引导引导.寒假来临,不少的高中毕业生和大学在校生都选择去打工。准备过一个充实而有意义的寒假。但是,目前社会上寒假招工的陷阱很多他星期三来这里是肯定的。他星期三来这里是肯定的。That he will come here on Wednesday is certain.注意:从句作主语时,就算是句子意思完整,都要加注意:从句作主语时,就算是句子意思完整,都要加上从属连词上从属连词that他星期三是否来这里还不肯定的。他星期三是否来这里还不肯定的。Whether he will come here on Wednesday is not certain.注意:注意:that 引导的引导的主语从句
11、放在句首很少,只是为了强主语从句放在句首很少,只是为了强调或谓语较长时才这样调或谓语较长时才这样寒假来临,不少的高中毕业生和大学在校生都选择去打工。准备过一个充实而有意义的寒假。但是,目前社会上寒假招工的陷阱很多3.连连接接副副词词when(ever),where(ever),how(ever),why,how long,how often,how soon,how far,how many/much 等等.When the test will be given is not yet decided.How much we can spend must be agreed on.2.连连 接接
12、 代代 词词 what,whatever,who,whoever,which,whichever,whose等等.在从句做在从句做主语主语/宾语宾语/表语表语What you said is perfectly true.(宾语宾语)Whoever comes will be welcome.谁来都欢迎谁来都欢迎寒假来临,不少的高中毕业生和大学在校生都选择去打工。准备过一个充实而有意义的寒假。但是,目前社会上寒假招工的陷阱很多v连接代词和连接副词在句中既连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑保留自己的疑问含义问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分的成分。v在
13、主语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、状语在主语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、状语v这些连接词不能省略这些连接词不能省略;注意注意寒假来临,不少的高中毕业生和大学在校生都选择去打工。准备过一个充实而有意义的寒假。但是,目前社会上寒假招工的陷阱很多vWhat caused the accident is a complete mystery.(主主)vWhatever she said was right.(宾语宾语)vWho will win the match is still unknown.谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。vWhoever comes to the party
14、 will receive a present.(主语)(主语)寒假来临,不少的高中毕业生和大学在校生都选择去打工。准备过一个充实而有意义的寒假。但是,目前社会上寒假招工的陷阱很多vWhen hell be back depends much on the weather.vWhere the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.(状语状语)英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。vWhy he failed the exam wasnt clear.(状语状语)vHow the book
15、will sell depends on its author.(状语状语)寒假来临,不少的高中毕业生和大学在校生都选择去打工。准备过一个充实而有意义的寒假。但是,目前社会上寒假招工的陷阱很多3)注意事项:)注意事项:1.为了使句子结构平衡,避免头重脚轻,主语为了使句子结构平衡,避免头重脚轻,主语从句常用从句常用“it”作形式主语,把真正的主语作形式主语,把真正的主语放在后面放在后面。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下:用句型如下:It is known to us that he will come here.寒假来临,不少的高中毕业生和大
16、学在校生都选择去打工。准备过一个充实而有意义的寒假。但是,目前社会上寒假招工的陷阱很多v(1)It+be+形容词形容词+主语从句主语从句 v(2)It+be+名词名词+主语从句主语从句 v(3)It+不及物动词不及物动词+主语主语 从句从句 v(4)It+及物及物 动词的被动语态动词的被动语态+主语从句主语从句 常用句型如下:常用句型如下:It+be+形容词形容词 主语从句主语从句It is necessary/important that.是有必要是有必要/重要的重要的It is obvious/clear that 很明显很明显It is certain/true that 是肯定的是肯定
17、的It is true that 是事实是事实It is strange that 很奇怪很奇怪It is natural that 是很自然的是很自然的寒假来临,不少的高中毕业生和大学在校生都选择去打工。准备过一个充实而有意义的寒假。但是,目前社会上寒假招工的陷阱很多It+be+名词名词 主语从句主语从句It is a pity/a shame 真遗憾真遗憾It is a surprise.令人惊奇的是令人惊奇的是It is a fact 事实是事实是It is an honor 是我的荣幸是我的荣幸 It is a wonder 是奇迹是奇迹It+不及物动词不及物动词 that从句从句It
18、 appears/seems that 似乎似乎/看起来看起来It happens that.碰巧碰巧It occurred to me that 我突然想起我突然想起It doesnt matter whether寒假来临,不少的高中毕业生和大学在校生都选择去打工。准备过一个充实而有意义的寒假。但是,目前社会上寒假招工的陷阱很多It+be+-ed分词分词 主语从句主语从句It is believed/thought that 人们相信人们相信It is well known to us/all that.众所周知众所周知It has been decided that 已经决定已经决定It
19、is said/reported that 据听说据听说/据报道据报道Eg:It is known to us how he became a writer.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。It+及物动词(被动语态)及物动词(被动语态)+主语从句主语从句寒假来临,不少的高中毕业生和大学在校生都选择去打工。准备过一个充实而有意义的寒假。但是,目前社会上寒假招工的陷阱很多vIt is a pity that we cant go.vIt is certain that she will do well in her exam.vIt is said that M
20、r.Green has arrived in Beijing.vIt depends on the climate whether they are going shopping today.寒假来临,不少的高中毕业生和大学在校生都选择去打工。准备过一个充实而有意义的寒假。但是,目前社会上寒假招工的陷阱很多2.在在主主语语从从句句中中用用来来表表示示惊惊奇奇、不不相相信信、惋惋惜惜、理理应应如如此此等等语语气气时时,谓谓语语动动词词要要用用虚虚拟拟语语气气“(should)+do”,常用的句型有:常用的句型有:vIt is necessary(important,natural,strange
21、,etc.)that vIt is suggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that 寒假来临,不少的高中毕业生和大学在校生都选择去打工。准备过一个充实而有意义的寒假。但是,目前社会上寒假招工的陷阱很多主语从句中的虚拟语气主语从句中的虚拟语气vIt is suggested,ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insisted+that(should)do vIt is important,necessary,natural,desirable,strange,advisable,impossib
22、le+that(should)do vIt is a pity,a shame,no wonder(难怪)+that(should)do 寒假来临,不少的高中毕业生和大学在校生都选择去打工。准备过一个充实而有意义的寒假。但是,目前社会上寒假招工的陷阱很多 what 引引导导主主语语从从句句时时在在句句时时在在从从句句中中充充当当句句子子成成分分,如如主主语语,宾宾语语,表表语语,而而that 则则不不然然。例如:例如:1)_you said yesterday is right.2)_she is still alive is a good thing.It is right what you
23、 said yesterday.It is a good thing that she is still alive.WhatThat3.what 与与that 在引导主语从句时的区别在引导主语从句时的区别寒假来临,不少的高中毕业生和大学在校生都选择去打工。准备过一个充实而有意义的寒假。但是,目前社会上寒假招工的陷阱很多用 it 句型翻译:1.据说今年高一学生要学新教材据说今年高一学生要学新教材.2.事实是他们靠自己完成了所有的任务事实是他们靠自己完成了所有的任务.3.碰巧他们已经参加过军训了碰巧他们已经参加过军训了.4.众所周知众所周知,比尔比尔 盖茨是世界上最富有的人盖茨是世界上最富有的人
24、.5.我们应该养成好的学习习惯这很重要我们应该养成好的学习习惯这很重要.It is said that the Senior Grade one students will learn a new text this year.It is a fact that they finished all the work by themselves.It happened that they had had their military training.It is well-known that Bill Gates is the richest person in the world.It is
25、 important that we(should)form a good habit of studying.寒假来临,不少的高中毕业生和大学在校生都选择去打工。准备过一个充实而有意义的寒假。但是,目前社会上寒假招工的陷阱很多II.表语从句表语从句v在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。1.That is why he didnt pass the exam.2.The question is where he has gone.3.The problem is that he has gone.4.It looks/seems as if/though it were
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