中考英语语法学案（时态）.docx

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1、Happy to learn, lucky to share.人教版九年级英语-中考语法冲刺时态-考点精讲精练英语的时态有16种，常用的有8种，而初中阶段要考的有6种，分别是：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时和现在完成时。下面就每种时态的用法及要点进行分说。考点1：一般现在时：(1).句型结构 You are a good worker. .You are not a good worker. (否定句，在is, am, are 后加not) Are you a good worker? (一般疑问句，把is, am, are 提句首)Yes, I am. / No,

2、 I am not. (回答)He usually goes to school at seven. He usually doesnt go to school at seven. (否定句，第三人称单数在动词前+doesnt；其他人称+dont)Does he usually go to school at seven? (一般疑问句，第三人称单数在句首+Does；其他人称+Do)Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. (回答)(2). 用法：.表动作经常发生或存在状态。We usually have sports after school in the aftern

3、oon.表事实或客观真理。Two and two is four. The light travels faster than the sound.(3). 常见的时间标志词。always , usually ,often, how often, sometimes, every day, once a week, seldom 等。(4). 难点：. 在时间或条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。这方面的标志词有until, as soon as, when, if, before, after等。具体用法请参照连词部分的考点2之(3) “主将从现的用法”。. 表客观真理时，在宾语从句中，不管主

4、句为何时态，从句用一般现在时。He said that two and three is five. The teacher told us the earth goes around the sun.(5). 考点1专练：选择填空，有时间标志词的请在原句中圈出。( ) 1. What did the teacher say just now? He said that the earth _ around the sun.A. goB. goesC. wentD. to go( ) 2. Lucy usually _ his homework at school.A. doB. didC.

5、doesD. will do( ) 3. Does she often clean the room? _.A. Yes, she does.B. Yes, she isC. No, she isntD. Yes, she doesnt( ) 4. Tell him about the news when he _, John. Yes, I will.A. comesB. will comeC. would comeD. came( ) 5. Mary, what about going boating if it _ tomorrow?A. not rainB. wont rainC. d

6、oesnt rain D. isnt rain( ) 6. He _ exercises at school, so he is very fat.A. doesB. dont doC. doesD. doesnt do( ) 7. Ill tell him about it as soon as I _ him.A. seeB. will seeC. sawD. sees( ) 8. We wont leave before he _ back.A. comeB. comesC. will comeD. came( ) 9. He _ to school by bus every day.A

7、. goesB. wentC. goD. will go( ) 10. We always (sometimes) _ to bed at 10:00.A. goB. wentC. are goingD. goes考点2：一般过去时(1).句型结构Lin Tao was in the library a moment ago. Lin Tao wasnt in the library a moment ago. (否定句，在was, were 后加not) Was Lin Tao in the library a moment ago? (一般疑问句，把was, were 提句首)Yes, h

8、e was. / No, he wasnt. (回答) We went to the park last Sunday. We didnt go to the park last Sunday. (否定句，在实义动词前+didnt)Did you go to the park last Sunday? (一般疑问句，在句首+Did)Yes, we did. / No, we didnt. (回答)(2). 用法：表过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。 I had a good time in Hainan last month.(3). 常见的时间标志词：yesterday, two days a

9、go, last week, in 1980, just now, the other day等。 (4). 考点2专练：选择填空，有时间标志词的请在原句中圈出。( ) 1. _ he late for school yesterday?A. Is B. WasC. DidD. Were( ) 2. He _ English in the morning, didnt he?A. readB. readsC. readingD. did read( ) 3.Liu Mei _ the truth of the accident last night.A. tellsB. toldC. had

10、toldD. tell( ) 4. I _ one of my old friends in the supermarket the other day.A. meetB. meetsC. metD. meeting( ) 5. They _ basketball with me just now. Whats the matter?A. playB. playedC. playsD. playing( ) 6. I _ a good time in Mount Emei three days ago.A. haveB. hadC. hasD. was having( ) 7. Sally _

11、 the Party in 2008.A. joinB. joinedC. joinsD. is joining考点3：一般将来时。(1). 句型结构：will/ shall(第一人称) +动词原形 / be going to + 动词原形。They will fly to London tomorrow. They wont fly to London tomorrow. (否定句，在will, shall后+not) Will they fly to London tomorrow? (一般疑问句，把will, shall提句首)Yes, they will. / No, they won

12、t. (回答) He is going to visit me next week.He isnt going to visit me next week. (否定句，在be后+not)Is he going to visit me next week? (一般疑问句，把be提句首)Yes, he is. / No, he isnt.(2). 用法：表将要发生的动作或状态。Look the black clouds. It is going to rain.(3). 常见的时间标志词：tomorrow, in five days, next week, this evening, soon,

13、from now on, in the future等。(4). 表示往来运动的某些短暂性动词，可用现在进行时表示将来时。这类动词有：arrive, come, go, leave, fly, move等。They are arriving at this village in five hours. 5小时后他们将到达这个村子。He is coming to see me next week. 他下星期将要来看我。We are going on a field trip tomorrow.我们明天将去郊游。We are leaving /flying for London.我们将要离开(飞)

14、去伦敦。(5). 考点3专练：选择填空，有时间标志词的请在原句中圈出。( ) 1. Dont forget to tell him the good news. Of course I _.A. dontB. wont C. haventD. will( ) 2. Hi, Jim. What _ you _ tomorrow? Go out for a picnic if it_.A. are, going to do/ doesnt rainB. are, doing/ wont rainC. are, going, rainsD. will do, will rain( ) 3. I do

15、nt know if he _ . If he _, let me know.A. comes, comesB. will come, comesC. will come, will comeD. comes, comes ( ) 4. My uncle _ for HK soon.A. is going toB. is leavingC. is going D. leaves( ) 5. By the year 2015, the population _ much larger than it is today.A. areB. will haveC. will beD. is going

16、 to( ) 6. From now on, I _ the same mistakes again. Believe me.A. makeB. will makeC. wont makeD. made( ) 7. My uncle _ to join us in five days.A. will comeB. comesC. comeD. came( ) 8. We _ the old people in the old peoples house tomorrow afternoon.A. helpB. shall helpC. are helpingD. helped( ) 9. Yo

17、u _ the house at once or I _ the police.A. leave, callB. leave, will callC. will leave, will callD. leaves, calls( ) 10. Terry and Ted _ doctors in the future according to his fathers words.A. will beB. shall beC. areD. were考点4. 现在进行时(1). 句型结构： is / am / are + doingMen are fighting against pollution

18、 all the time. Men arent fighting against pollution all the time. (否定句，在is, am, are 后+not) Are men fighting against pollution all the time? (一般疑问句，将is, am, are 提到句首) Yes, they are. / No, they arent. (回答) (2). 用法：1).表示说话时动作正在进行。 We are waiting for the bus now. 2).表示现阶段进行的动作，但说话时动作不一定正在进行。They are bui

19、lding a bridge these days.(3). 常见的时间标志词：now, at the present, these days look listenall the time, at the moment, be quiet等(4). 考点4专练：选择填空，有时间标志词的请在原句中圈出。( ) 1. Do you know where the twins are? Oh, they _ the basketball match on the playground.A. watchB. will watchC. are watchingD. watched( ) 2. Shall

20、 we go to see a movie now, John? Oh, no. I _ the car for my father.A. am cleaningB. cleansC. has cleanedD. was cleaning ( ) 3. Listen! Someone _ at the door.A. knocksB. is knocking C. knockingD. knocked( ) 4. Look! The boys _ happily in the river.A. swimB. will swimC. are swimmingD. swam( ) 5. Jim _

21、 English at the moment.A. readingB. is readingC. readsD. read( ) 6. They _ ready for the coming test these days.A. are gettingB. getC. gotD. will get( ) 7. Be quiet. All the workers _.A. sleepB. are sleepingC. will readD. slept考点5. 过去进行时(1). 句型结构： was / were + doingIt was snowing at this time yester

22、day. It wasnt snowing at this time yesterday. (否定句，在was, were 后+not) Was it snowing at this time yesterday? (一般疑问句，将was, were 提到句首) Yes, it was. / No, it wasnt. (回答) (2). 用法：1).表示过去的某个时间动作正在进行。 We were playing cards at that time. 2).表示过去某个动作发生时，另一个动作正在发生。When I came in, my father was watching TV.(3)

23、. 常见的时间标志词：then, at that time, at this time yesterday, when, while等(4). 考点5专练：选择填空，有时间标志词的请在原句中圈出。( ) 1. I _ with my father at that time. I didnt know what _.A. was swimming, was happeningB. am swimming, has happenedC. was swimming, happenedD. swam, was happening( ) 2. When I arrived at the airport

24、yesterday, many fans _ for me there.A. are waitingB. were waitingC. waitedD. waits( ) 3. While my brother _ football with his friends yesterday, my sister _ her homework.A. was playing, didB. played, was doingC. was playing, was doingD. played, did考点6：现在完成时(1). 句型结构：have / has +doneHe has already fi

25、nished his homework.He hasnt finished his homework yet. (否定句，在has, have后+not) Has he finished his homework yet? (一般疑问句，将has, have提到句首) Yes, he has. / No, he hasnt. (回答)(2). 用法：1).过去发生的动作对现在造成影响。I have closed the door. (门现在是关的)2).过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。 We have lived here for two years. (过去住到现在)(3). 常见的标

26、志词：already ,yet, ever, never, just, before, in the past (last) few days, so far, twice, recently, for+时间段, since +时间点等等(4). 难点. 现在完成时可和疑问词where, why, how 连用，但不能和when连用.故现在完成时对时间的提问不用when，只用how long。 Where have you been? Why have you turned off the radio? When have you come back? () He has been in Ch

27、ina for 4 years. (提问) When() / How long() has he been in China?. have been to（去了某地又回来）/ have gone to(去了没回来) / have been in (去了并在那里呆下去) I have been to Beijing twice. Where is Tom? He has gone to HK.Lucy has been in this school for two years.短暂性动词和持续性动词的现在完成时A. 若后面没有时间状语“for + 时间段，since + 时间点”时，短暂性和持续

28、性动词都可用于现在完成时。如：I have bought(短暂) a new computer. () He has already lived (持续) in the small village. ()B. 若后面有时间状语“for + 时间段，since + 时间点”时，要用持续性动词或短暂性动词的否定。如： They have stayed (持续) in the village for 10 years. I have taught(持续) English at this school since 5 years ago.You havent received (短暂)her lett

29、er for 2 weeks.We havent left (短暂)China since 20 years ago.C. 短暂性动词的肯定不能与“for + 时间段，since + 时间点”连用，若要和他们连用则要将短暂性动词变为相对应的动词。如：I have come here for 3 years. ()I have been here for 3 years.( )现举例说明这类动词的变化：下划线的词是错的，括号里的词是对的，borrow / lend kept She has borrowed(kept) the magazine since two weeks ago.catch

30、 had Kate has caught (had) a cold for one day.buy had Ive bought (had) this radio for 3 years. put on worn He has put on (worn) the new coat for a week.leave / gobeen away They have left(been away) for one year. start / begin been on The film has begun (been on) for 8 minutes.get up been up He has g

31、one up(been up) more than two hours. move been out (of) Jims family have moved(been out of) here for over 2 years.finish been over The football match has finished(been over) for two hours. open been open The factory has opened(been open) since 1990. close been closed The factory has closed (been clo

32、sed) for 2 months.die been dead That old man has died(been dead) for three years.join been in/ been a member (of) Her father has joined (been in) the Party for ten years. come/ become/ arrivebeen(in) They have come to(been in) this school since 1990. .与现在完成时有关的几种句型转换。如：“我来广东有4年了”可用以下句型表示：I came to G

33、uangdong 4 years ago. I have been in Guangdong for 4 years. Its 4 years since I came to Guangdong Four years has passed since I came to Guangdong.(5).一般过去时与现在完成时的区别. 标志词不同 (具体看两种时态标志词) 如：I went to cinema two days ago. (一般过去时标志词).He has been away since ten days ago. (现在完成时的标志词). 一般过去时表示动作发生在过去，与现在无关。

34、而现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成影响。I saw the film yesterday. (我昨天看过电影，现在看不看不知道)I have seen the film before. I wont see it again. (过去看过电影，对现在有影响，不想再看了)(6). 考点6专练：选择填空，有时间标志词的请在原句中圈出。( ) 1. Tom, can I borrow your book CHICKEN SOUP? Sorry, I _ it to Mary.A. lentB. have lentC. lendD. was lending( ) 2. He is a top

35、student. He _ never_ in his lessons.A. has, failB. was, failingC. has, failedD. will, fail( ) 3.My brother _ just _ to Japan. He wont be back until next week.A. will, goB. has, goneC. did, go D. was, going( ) 4. How many machines _ in the last (past) few weeks?A. did they makeB. will they makeC. hav

36、e they madeD. had they made( ) 5. My father _ to Europe twice.A. wentB. has beenC. goesD. is going( ) 6. _ you _ your homework yet?A. Have, finishedB. Will, finishC. Did, finishD. Are, finishing ( ) 7. China _ several rockets into space so far.A. has sentB. will sendC. sentD. was sending ( ) 8. He _

37、 an English teacher for ten years.A. isB. wasC. has beenD. will be( ) 9. Mary and her sister _ the piano since 8 years ago.A. have playedB. playedC. playD. are playing( ) 10.This is the most beautiful place that I _ ever _.A. do, visitB. am, visitingC. have visitedD. will visit ( ) 11. The weather i

38、s very cold these days. I _ a cold for a few days.A. have caughtB. have hadC. catchD. have( ) 12. His grandpa _ since five years ago.A. diedB. has diedC. has been deadD. was dying( ) 13. How long have you_ in the party?A. joinedB. taken partC. gotD. been ( ) 14. Is your father a Party member?Yes, he

39、 _ the Party three years ago. He _ a member for three years.A. has joined, has beenB. has joined, wasC. joined, wasD. joined, has been ( ) 15. The train _ for ten minutes. You have to take another one.A. has goneB. has leftC. has been awayD. went away【对点专练】( ) 1. He _ often late for school. So his t

40、eacher sometimes _ his father to have a talk at school. A. is, asksB. was, asksC. is, will askD. was, is asking( ) 2. Jack has never been to Disneyland before, but he _ there this summer.A. has beenB. is goingC. wentD. goes( ) 3. Dont make so much noise. We _ to music.A. listenedB. listenC. are list

41、eningD. have listened( ) 4. I must return the camera to Li Lei. I _ it for two weeks.A. keepB. borrowedC. have keptD. have lent( ) 5. Mid-autumn Day usually _ in September or October every year.A. comeB. comesC. is comingD. will come( ) 6. Jim, can you help me wash the dishes? Sorry, Dad. I _ to the

42、 shop.A. goB. wentC. am goingD. have been( ) 7. If I _ free tomorrow, Ill go fishing with my uncle.A. will beB. amC. beD. was( ) 8. How long _ you _ in this village?A. do, liveB. are livingC. have, livedD. did, live( ) 9. John will write to us as soon as he _ there.A. getsB. gotC. will getD. has got

43、( ) 10. Kate always _ up early in the morning, but she _ up very late yesterday.A. gets, gotB. get, gotC. got, getsD. get, got( ) 11. Dont cross the road. Look, a car_.A. has passedB. cameC. is comingD. comes( ) 12. “Look, your sister is crying again,” Mother said angrily. “What_ to her?”A. did you doB. have you doneC. do you doD. were you doing( ) 13. Where is Mary? She _ to see the doctor.A. wentB. will go C.