八年级上册英语复习提纲.doc

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1、小博士教育培训机构 内部资料八年级上期英语学习提纲一、语法1、名词(n.)： 表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)： 主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj.)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)： 表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)： 表示动作或状态。如：am, is,ar

2、e,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)： 修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art.)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)： 表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)： 用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj.)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 二、句子成分：

3、英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：Im Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或

4、代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市) 6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担

5、任。如：He works hard .(他工作努力) 7、宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。如：They usually keep their classroom clean.(他们通常让教室保持清洁) / He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常帮我做功课) / The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老师要我自学法语) 同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步说明它的情况。如：Where is your classmate Tom ?(你的同学汤姆在哪里？) 三、构词

6、法：英语构词法主要有：合成法、派生法和转换法。 1、合成法：如：spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等。 2、派生法： (1)派生名词：动词+er/or 动词+ing 动词+(t)ion 形容词+ness 其他,如：inventor, learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge (2)派生形容词：名词+y 名词+ful 动词+ing/ed friendly dangerous Chinese; Japanese English French Germ

7、an 国名+(i)an 如：snowy, sunny, hopeful, beautiful, interesting, follwing, daily(每日的),nervous, delicious (3)派生副词：形容词+ly 其它,如：slowly, angrily, fullfully, goodwell, possiblepossibly等等。 3、转换法： (1)形容词动词,如：dry(干燥的)dry(弄干), clean(干净的)clean(打扫,弄干净),等等。 (2)动词名词,如：look, walk, rest, work, study, swim, go, talk等等。

8、 (3)名词动词,如：hand(手)(传递),face(脸)(面对)等等。 (4)形容词副词,如：earlyearly, fastfast等等。 (5)副词连词,如：when(什么时候)(当时候),等等。 (6)介词副词,如：in(到里)(在里面；在家),on(在上)(进行,继续)。 我有一些习题，自己找的1.我建议这周末去野营，但是大部分同学不赞成。I _ this weekend,but _ the classmates dont agree.2.你洗盘子时不要让水一直流淌。Dont _ while you wash dishes.3.Benny asked Daisy,“Who were

9、 you talking to?” Benny asked Daisy who _ _ _ _?4.“Turn that tap off.”a voice said angrily. “Turn that tap off.”a voice _ _.5.汤姆提议去海滩，但我们大多数人不同意他的建议。Tom _ _ to the beach, but _ _ us didnt _ _ him.6.你们决定为我们班做点什么事情？What did you _ _ _forour class？7.Remember not to waste or pollute me. _ _ to waste or p

10、ollute me.8.It is necessary for us to put on the picture now. _ _ _ the picture now is necessary for us.答案：1 suggest going camping, most of2 let the water flow all the time3 you were talking to 4 shout angrily5 suggest going, most of, agree with6 decide to do 7 Dont forget8 To put on一、词汇（一）按要求完成各题。

11、1.mean（名词）_ 2.heavy（比较级）_ 3.slowly（最高级）_ 4.leave（现在分词）_ 5.wish（复数）_ （二）用所给词的适当形式填空。 1.September is the_(nine) of month of the year. 2.Usually, he_(catch)the No.11 bus to work. Now he is getting on the bus. 3.Im stronger than he, but he is much_(good)than I at skating. 4.He is the_(short)man on the t

12、eam, but he is the _(fast). 二、选择填空( ) 1.In English, the last name is the_. A.given name B.family name C.middle name D.full name( ) 2.What do you call James_short. A.for B.to C.about D.of( ) 3.Tom likes_football game very much. A.to see B.to look C.watching D.looking at( ) 4.My father and I_see Aunt

13、Alice next Saturday. A.am going to B.are going to C.goes to D.go to( ) 5.Lets walk to the shop. It_near. A.quite B.is quite C.too D.is too( ) 6.Youre going to help the farmers_. A.pick apples B.picking apple C.pick apple D.picking apple( ) 7.A big truck always carries_than a small one. A.many B.much

14、 C.more D.most( ) 8.Is Lily the_girl_her class? A.tallest;of B.tallest;in C.taller;in D.taller;of( ) 9.Why_do your homework first? A.dont you B.not you C.are you D.do you( )10.The boy is eating_. A.the time B.all the time C.all time D.sometimes( )11.Lets talk about the difference_English names and C

15、hinese names. A.of B.between C.for D.from( )12.She must get up early_next morning. A.in B./ C.on D.at( )13.Whats your sister like? _. A.She likes all kinds of things. B.She likes all of us. C.She is tall. D.Shes very well. Thanks.( )14.What time shall we meet? Lets make it_nine oclock. A.at B.on C.f

16、or D./( )15.Listen! Can you hear him_in the next room. A.sings B.is singing C.to sing D.singing 三、按要求改写句子。 1.Jim is going to take a bus to work.(用 every day 改写) Jim_a bus to work every day. 2.Id like to come, too.(改为一般疑问，并作肯定回答)_ _like to come, too? Id love to. 3.He needs a number 12 bus. (就划线部分提问)_

17、bus_he_ 4.The Young Pioneers are going to have a picnic next Sunday. (划线提问） _ _the Young Pioneers_ _ _next Sunday? 5.Its better for you to wear warm clothes. (改为同义句) You_ _ _ warm clothes. 6.better, which, like, do, you, cats, dogs, or?（连词成句）_ do you like_, cats or dogs? 四、完成句子。 1.我不能及时到校，因为交通很糟。 I

18、cant get to school_ _because the traffic is bad. 2.快点！我想走快些。 _ _! I want to go faster. 3.孩子们喜欢在户外玩。 Children love to play_ _ _ _. 4.我不能同意你的意见。 I cant_ _you. 5.彼得在离他家十公里的城镇工作。 Peter works in a_about ten_ _his home. 6.高老师正站在黑板前面。 Miss Gao is_ _ _ _the blackboard. 答案： 一、（一）1.meaning 2.heavier 3.most sl

19、owly 4.leaving 5.wishes(二)1.ninth 2.catches 3.better 4.shortest.fastest 二、B A C B B A C B A B B B C D D 三、1.takes 2. would you 3.Which.does.need? 4.What are.going to do 5.had better wear 6. Which.better 四、1.on time 2.Hurry up 3.in the open air 4.agree with 5.town.kilometres from 6.standing in front of