八年级现在完成时总结.docx

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1、第二节 课现在完成时及其考点1. 结构have/has+过去分词2.过去分词的构成1.动词变化 动词变成过去分词加ed1)Play - played，visit - visited2)辅音字母和“y”结尾的词，变y为i,加ed, 如carry - carried, study - studied3)重读闭音节的单词，双写最后一个字母，再加edstop - stopped, plan - planned4)不规则动词见书后动词二、现在完成时的各种句式：.陈述句：主语 have/has+过去分词其他成分。 I have ever visited Beijing.否定句：主语have/has+not

2、+过去分词其他成分。 He has not finished his homework.3.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语过去分词其他成分？ Have you read this book before?4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词have/has主语+过去分词+其他成分？ How long have you lived here?三、现在完成时的用法：.“完成法”：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。（过去对现在）标志性词：already, never, ever, just, yet, before注意事项：1) already yetI have taught in

3、 this school.I havent taught in this school .Have you taught in this school ?.“未完成法”：表示动作或状态从过去已经开始，持续到现在并有可能延续到将来。(过去到现在)时间状语：for一段时间； since“自从”过去点时间； so far “到目前为止”2) since forI have already taught in this school 1990.I have already taught in this school 10 years ago. I have already taught in this

4、 school 10 years.I have already taught in this school I graduated from college.四、 考点：考点一：考查基本概念 例如： （市北2015）Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _whats happened to him . . knew . have known . must know .will know（市北2015）-Would you like something to eat?-No,thanks.I_some noodles.A.eat B.ate C.was e

5、ating D.have eaten考点二：考查时间状语现在完成时的时间状语常有如下四类：现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚刚，正好），ever（曾经），never（从来，也不；从不），before（以前），yet（仍然）等连用。 现在完成时常与recently（近来），so far（到目前为止），in the past/“last + 一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。 现在完成时时常与“for +时间段”或“since +过去时间点”连用（含从句，从句过去时）。 次数：现在完成时还与o

6、nce（一次），twice（两次），three times（三次），several times（几次）等例4.Our country _ a lot so far . Yes . I hope it will be even _ . . has changed ; well . changed ; good. has changed ; better . changed ; better 例5. Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . . was ; studying . will ; study . has ; studied .

7、are ; studying例6. We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . . know . had known . have known . knew例7. Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . . will see . have seen . saw .see考点三：考查与一般过去时的区别（市北2015） 15.-_you_your homework yet?-Yes,I_it a moment ago.Did;do;finished B.Have;done;finished C.Hav

8、e;done;have finished D.Have;do;finished（市南2015）-I hear your father to Japan once. -Yes. He there last year.A. want; has been B.has been; went C.goes; went D.has been; has been例1.These farmers have been to the United States .Really ? When _ there ? . will they go . did they go . do they go . have the

9、y gone 考点四：瞬间动词与延续性动词 现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。常用的非延续性动词及替代形式如下：1.动词变动词：buyhave, borrowkeep2.变为“be+adj./adv.”：beginbe on, close/openbe closed/open, diebe dead, finishbe over, get upbe up, marrybe married, gobe off, comebe here, returnbe back, arrivebe here3.变为“be+介词短语”

10、：come/go be in/at, joinbe in(或“be+成员”)，put onwear(或be in)习题（市北2015） 12.-_has Mr.While been a member of Greener China since he _to China?-For about five years.A. How soon;comes B.How often;got C.How long;came D.How far;arrived（市北2015）-How long have you _this bikes?-_A. owned,since my fifth birthday B

11、.owned,for my fifth birthday C.bought;since three years D.bought,for three years（市南2015）-There are many clubs in our school that I cant decide which one to attend. -I a member of dancing club for over a year. Would you like to join us?such, have been B.so,have been C.such, have become D.so, have bec

12、ome（市南2015）She the book two days ago.A. has borrowed, since B.has kept, since C.has kept, for D.has borrowed, for5.Their grandparents for about 50 years.A.have married B.have got married C.married D.have been married例1. His father _ the Party since 1978 . . joined . has joined . was in . has been in

13、 例2.Do you know him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . . were . have been . have become . have made 例3.How long have you _ here ? About two months . . been . gone . come . Arrived 例4. Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . . has begun . had begun . has been on . began 例5. His uncle died

14、 two years ago .（改变句子，句意不变） His uncle has _ _ for two years 例6. Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句） Her mother _ the Party three years _ .考点五：正确运用have/has been to, have/has gone to,和have/has been in 三种结构。. have/has been to表示“过去曾去过某地”，但现在已经回来了。. have/has gone to表示“已去了某地”，现在还没有回来

15、。. have/has been in 表示“已在某地（呆了多久）”，如果是小地方用at代替in。考点五：考查词组have/has been in / to与have/has gone to的区别 （市北2015）5.-How long _Tony _Beijing? -For 5 years.A.has;been to B.has;come to C.has;gone to D.has;been in （市北2015）7.-Where is Mr .Smith?-He_Shanghai.He_there many times.A. has gone to;has gone to B.has

16、gone to;has been C.has been to;has been D.has been to;has gone（市南2015）-Where is Tom now? -He the post office. Hell be back soon.has been to B.goes to C.went to D.has gone to例1. Miss Green isnt in the office . she_ to the library . .has gone . went .will go D. has been 例2. My parents _ Shandong for t

17、en years . . have been in . have been to . have gone to .have been三综合填空（市北2015）A.用所给词的正确形式填空。（6分）fit ， search ， part ， fall ， collect1.Our teacher encourages us_for more answer to this question.2.Many students have been used to_with parents since they came to college.3.She_hundreds of Garth Brooks r

18、ecords for the last 10 years.4.The prince knows that unless the girls the foot_the shoes,it wont be the right girl.5.As soon as the girl heard the song for the first time,she_in love with this traditional kind of music.综B.根据汉语提示完成英文句子。（6分）6.Every player should know the importance of_(公平)7.The govern

19、ment should care about childrens_(发展)8.Those famous athlete usually have some unusual _(成就)9.The factory uses the newest_(技术)to improve the quality.10.The price for this painting is_(难以置信的)11.Our city is_(尤其)crowded in the summer-much more than in winter.III. 综合填空。（市南2015）A. 用所给词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。belon

20、g to, introduce, happen, weigh, shoot, include, fit1. He made clothes himself him well.2. Everything so quickly that I didnt have time to think.3. All of us are against the wild animals around the world.4. Each adult elephant 5,000 kilos. 5. The price of the bike this light. So you neednt give us mo

21、ney any more.6. We know he another group soon. But I didnt any of us can change his idea.7. more to us please. We want to know more about you.B.根据句意和中文提示，以适当的单词形式完成句子。1. She was surprised by her new books .(成功)2. This emperor liked nothing but clothes.(古代的)3. His influences many people around him.(疾

22、病)4. She is interested in and she wants to study science in university.(科技)5. You can come to see me you like.(无论何时)6. -What food do most people eat for breakfast? - porridge or noodles.(主要地)7. My grandpa often returns back to his hometown because it can remind him of his sweet .(童年)8. More and more parents send their children to study . Is it a good idea?(国外) 9. My uncle has taught French since the year before last.(自己)10. He walked past a bank and went on walking our museum.(朝着)