外研版选修八module1重点知识与练习(共7页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上.单词荟萃1explorer adj.探险者 explore vt.探险；勘探 _ n(对某地区的)勘探2. _ adj.荒凉的，不适宜居住的hospitable adj.好客的hospitality n殷勤好客3commercial adj.商业的 _ n商业；贸易4promote v促进，增进 _ n提升；晋升；促进5. _ adj.正式的，仪式性的ceremony n仪式典礼；礼节；礼仪6. _ n缺乏；没有absent adj.缺席的；不在的；缺乏的7tiresome adj.烦人的；令人讨厌的；令人厌倦的 _ adj.疲劳的；累的；厌倦的；厌烦的 tirin

2、g adj.引起疲劳的；累人的8depressing adj.令人沮丧的；令人抑郁的depress v使抑郁；使沮丧；使消沉 _ adj.沮丧的；消沉的9discourage v阻止；打消的念头 _ v鼓舞；鼓励 courage n勇气10. _ adj.常规的；普通的convention n常规，习俗11. _ n鼓舞；启示inspire v鼓舞；激励 inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的.短语检测专心-专注-专业1适应 2突出；显眼 3进入；到达 4进入视野 5陷入，被困在 6(使)破裂，分解 7扎营 8想出(主意等) 9. 冒险 10. 精神抖擞，保持高昂的情绪11遵守诺言 12尤其，

3、特别 13万一 adapt to stand out set foot on come into sight be trapped break up set up camp come up with take a risk keep ones spirits up keep ones promise in particular in case of .佳句再现1Yet Antarctica is full of wildlife, which _ its extreme conditions.但是南极洲仍然栖息着很多野生生物，它们已经适应了那里极其恶劣的条件。2Antarctica was t

4、he last continent _ .南极洲是最后一个被发现的大陆。3Were _ radio and electronic communications.除了有无线电和电子通信，我们完全是与世隔绝的。4Medical assistance is available _ .万一有紧急情况你可以获得医疗救助。5Not until the late 18th century _ James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle, but he never saw land.直到18世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却从未发现任何陆地。.单元语法Revie

5、w of subjects；Review of verbs 1staten州，国家，政府；状态，状况；情况，情形 vt.(to express sth. in spoken or written words，esp carefully，fully and clearly) 陈述或说明(某事)(尤指仔细、 详尽而明确地)(1)in a state of/in astate处于状况a poor state of health 健康欠佳state school 国立学校(2)state ones views 陈述自己的见解(3)make/issue a statement 发表声明【活学活用】(1)

6、The house was _ .(state)那房子很脏。He _ positively that he had never seen the man.(state)他肯定地说他从未见过那个男子。2valuen价值；用途，积极作用 vt.评价，估价；重视(1)good value (for money) (钱)花得值；物有所值of no value 没有价值的；没有用的(2)valueas 重视；珍视valueat 估(某物的)价位(3)valuable adj. 很有用的；很重要的；宝贵的invaluable adj. 无价的，非常珍贵的valueless adj. 没有价值的；不值钱的【

7、易混辨析】price，cost，value，worth，charge和expense(1)price意为“价钱”，指卖方对物品所要求的价格，高于cost。(2)cost意为“代价，成本”，指对货物所付的一切代价，如制作、包装、运输费用。(3)value意为“价值”，指按人的主观判断，对物品本身内在用途的评价。如：I paid him $500 for the painting，but its real value must be about $50,000.这幅画我付给他500美元，但它真正的价值大约是50,000美元。(4)worth意为“价值”，指物体本身永远不变的价值，含着一定数量的金额

8、，用法比较特殊。如：ten pounds worth of apples 价值10英镑的苹果 (5)charge意为“索价，收费，费用”，指为其提供服务后所要求付的价钱，也可以用作动词。常用短语：charge sb.钱for sth.；free of charge免费。(6)expense意为“开支，花费”，指对的实际开支金额。常用短语：at the expense of；at ones expense(以为开支或代价)。【活学活用】1根据汉语意思完成句子(1)He _ the house for me at 20,000 pounds.那栋房子他替我估价20,000英镑。 (2)I _ ve

9、ry much.我非常重视你的建议。(3)This car is _ your money.这辆汽车你买得很合算。2根据语境选用price，cost，value，worth，charge或expense填空(1)Marriage and other _ have made me poor.(2)What is the _ for a day at the hotel?(3)Most restaurants now include the tip in the _ of the meal.(4)The use of cheap labor helped to keep _ down.(5)The

10、 winner will receive ten pounds _ of books.3trapv使陷入圈套，使中计；使陷入困境；卡住，夹住 n圈套；陷阱(1)be trapped _ (to be in a bad situation from which you cannot escape) 被困在/陷入困境(2)fall into a trap 上当，落入圈套lay a trap for 给设圈套【情景记忆】【活学活用】1根据汉语意思完成句子The firefighters were trying to rescue those _ the burning hotel.消防队员们正在努力

11、营救困在燃烧着的旅馆里面的那些人。2单项填空The fox fell into the _ the hunters had set for it.Abush Btrap Ctrick Dcircle【解析】 B本题考查名词辨析。句意为：狐狸落入猎人给它设计的陷阱里。bush树丛； trap陷阱； trick把戏； circle圈， 圆圈。4promotevt.促进，推动；促销，推销；提升，晋升(1)promotion n 提升，提拔；晋级；推广(2)promote sb. fromto 某人从提升/晋升至 promote growth/understanding 促进增长/了解【活学活用】(1

12、)Your job is _ .你的工作是促销这一新产品。(2)The young army officer _ the rank of captain.这个年轻军官被提升为上尉。5discouragevt.使气馁；阻碍(1)discourage sb. from doing sth.劝阻某人别做某事(2)discouraged adj. 感到泄气的(3)discouraging adj. 令人泄气的【活学活用】1根据汉语意思完成句子Hearing the _ result，he felt _ .听了这个令人泄气的结果，他感到很泄气。2单项填空The college students in C

13、hina are _ from smoking on campus because this will do them no good.Adiscouraged Bobserved Cobeyed Dobtained【解析】 A本题考查动词辨析。句意为：中国的大学生被劝阻别在大学吸烟，因为这对他们没有任何好处。相对observe“观察”，obey“遵守”，obtain“获得”，只有discourage表示“劝阻”，符合题意。6riskn风险；冒险 vt.冒的危险(1)risky adj.充满危险或风险的；有很大危险或风险的(2)risk ones health/fortune/life 冒丧失

14、健康/财富/生命之险 (3)take a risk (risks)/take the risk of doing sth. 冒险(做可能失败或有危险的事)run the risk of doing sth. 冒险做某事at the risk of doing sth. 冒做某事的危险at risk 有危险；冒风险【经典句式】There is a risk that有的风险。【活学活用】1根据汉语意思完成句子(1)He _ to save mine.他冒着生命危险来救我。(2)By criticizing her boss，she risked _ .批评老板，她冒着丢掉职位之险。(3) _ t

15、he crisis may spread further.危机有进一步蔓延的风险。2单项填空It would be _ a risk to let the child go to school by himself.Arunning Bfollowing Cpassing Dcarrying【解析】 A句意为：让孩子单独去学校是冒风险的事。run a risk意思是“冒风险”。 短语1stand out出色，杰出；更为重要stand by袖手旁观；支持stand for 代表；意指stand up 站起来stand up for sb./sth. 维护，支持stand up(to sth.)

16、经得起(检验)Stand still. 站住，不许动。 【活学活用】1根据语境用stand短语的适当形式填空(1)Her work _ from the rest as easily the best.(2)How can you _ and let him treat his dog like that?2单项填空I have no idea what these two letters _.Astand up Bstand byCstand for Dstand at【解析】 C句意为：我不知道这两个字母代表什么。stand up起立；stand by支持，袖手旁观；stand for代表

17、。2break up(使)断开；(使)破碎；破裂；解散break away突然离开；逃走；脱离；放弃break out 发生；爆发break through 突破；克服；打破break down 失败，落空；出故障；(健康，情绪等)崩溃，垮掉【活学活用】根据语境用break短语的适当形式填空(1)She _ from him and ran to the window.(2)Whats worse，his marriage has just _ .(3)Several demonstrators(示威者) _ the barriers despite warnings from the pol

18、ice.(4)You will _ sooner or later if you go on ignoring your health. .单词拼写1The president came under _ (严厉的)criticism for his handling of the crisis.2The Prime Ministers visit will p_ the cooperation between the two countries.3Im _ (极度)sorry for the delay.4We _ (权衡) the advantages of living in a big

19、city against the disadvantages and decided to move to the country.5If you meet with any difficulty in your study，dont be d_ .选词填空fail to， on average， discourage sb. from doing， break out， date back to1He never _ write to his mother every week.2The history of humanity may _ the Ice Age.3Should anothe

20、r world war _ , what would become of human beings?4._ , 15 pounds worth of goods is stolen every day.5We _ giving up the job and he followed our advice.单项填空1I m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have _. So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them. Abroken up Bfinished upCdivided

21、up Dclosed up【解析】 A本题考查动词短语辨析。break up 断绝关系； finish up 结果成为，最终到来； divide up 分担，分配，分享；close up (伤口)愈合。2How about your journey to Mount Emei?Everything was wonderful except that our car _ twice on the way. Aslowed down Bbroke down Cgot down Dput down【解析】 B本题考查动词短语辨析。答语的意思是：除了我们的车在途中抛锚了两次外，一切都顺利。break

22、down抛锚，出故障；slow down 减速，慢下来；get down记下，写下；put down 放下，记下，镇压。所以该题的答案为B项。3Not until the motorbike looked almost new _ repairing and cleaning it. Ahe stopped Bdid he stop Cstopped he Dhe did stop【解析】 B本题考查倒装。not until 位于句首，要求主句部分倒装。4I had to apologize to Mr Smith for _ to keep the appointment. Atrying

23、Bfailing Ctrying not Dnot failing【解析】 B句意为：我因为没能赴约不得不向斯密斯先生道歉。fail to do sth.没能做某事。for后面用动名词形式。5Does this car give you good _ for your money?Avalue BpriceCworth Dcost【解析】 Agood value for money 值得花那么多的钱。6The _ of his clothes indicated too clearly that he had been playing football.Astate BconditionCoc

24、casion Dsituation【解析】 A本题考查名词辨析。句意为：他的衣服的状况非常明确地表明他一直在踢足球。对比四个选项“状况”、“条件”、“场合，时节，时机”及“形势，境况，局面”可知state合适。7She got into a(n) _when she thought shed forgotten doing homework. Atrap Bdelight Cpanic Dargument【解析】 C句意为：想起忘记了做作业，她顿时惊慌起来。trap困境，圈套；delight欣喜，愉快； panic恐慌，惊慌；argument争论。根据题意，只有C项正确。8Education

25、should not be considered to be a(n) _ in a modern society. Aprivilege Bacquaintance Cadvantage Daffection【解析】 A本题考查名词辨析。句意为：在一个现代社会中，受教育不应该被看成是一种特权。privilege特权；acquaintance 熟人，(与某人)认识；advantage 优点，好处；affection喜爱，钟爱。9In face of difficulties the climbers_in the hope of reaching the top before dark. Ainsisted on Blooked up Cturned away Dkept on【解析】 D本题考查动词短语辨析。keep on可用作及物动词和不及物动词短语，意为“继续”。句意为：尽管困难重重，登山队员们继续前进，希望天黑前到达山顶。insist on坚持；look up查寻，向上看，仰视；turn away转过脸去，转换方向。