元认知监控与自主学习_孙凤娟.docx
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1、目 录 I j-I 子商 . 1 Abstract . 3 第一部分绪论 . 5 一、 问题的提出 . 5 (一) 时代的呼唤:自主学习的迫切性 . 5 (二) 教育改革的重要趋向:发展自主学习能力 . 5 (三) 心理学的发展:自主学习调控能力的重要性 . 6 二、 研究的现状 . 7 (一) 自主学习的研究 . 7 (二) 元认知及其元认知监控的研究 . 10 三、 研究的思路 . 12 四、 研究的意义 . 13 第二部分自主学习与元认知监控 . 14 一 概 念 探 析 . 14 (一) 自主学习的涵义 . 14 (二) 自主学习的特征 . 15 (三) 元认知及元认知监控的涵义 .
2、17 二、元认知监控在自主学习中的作用 . 18 (一) 元认知监控是自主学习的重要组成部分 . 19 (二) 元认知监控调控自主学习的整个进程 . 19 (三) 个体元认知监控水平影响自主学习的效果 . 19 第三部分元认知监控:自主学习的调控机制 . . . . 22 、自王学习调控机制的理论基础 . 22 (一) 鲁利亚神经心理学理论 . 22 (二) 皮亚杰的认知发展理论 . 22 (三) 斯滕伯格的三重智力理论 . 23 、自王学习调控机制的基本 +旲型 . 24 (一) 两种重要的自主学习模型 . 24 (二) 整合模型的建构 . 28 第四部分自主学习调控能力的培养 . 32 一
3、、培养学生自主学习调控能力的基本策略 32 (一)激发学生的学习动机 . 32 ( -)提尚学生的计划會泛力 . 33 (三) 培养学生的监控能力 . 34 (四) 培养学生的自我评价和自我反思能力 . 35 二、培养学生自主学习调控能力的保障因素 . 37 (一)良好氛围的营造 . 37 ( ) j l l | i | 目 j*j . 3Q (三)评价方法的改进 . 39 . 42 参考文献 . 44 后记 . 47 攻读学位期间发表的学术论文目录 . 48 元认知监控与自主学习 一一论自主学习的调控机制及调控能力的培养 中文摘要 20世纪初以来,无论在理论还是实践方面,自主学习都得到了比较
4、系统深入 的研究,这些研究主要涉及到自主学习的影响因素、过程、机制、学习策略以及 培养模式等方面,但对自主学习中个体自我调控机制的研究还不够充分。自 20世 纪 70年代后随着心理学的发展,元认知在学习中的重要性越来越受到人们的重视 , 如何充分发挥元认知的计划、监控、调整等功能在自主学习中的作用,影响着自 主学习的效果乃至成败,鉴于这一认识,本论文首先在探讨元认知监控与自主学 习的内在关系的基础上,阐明了自主学习的调控机制,并提出了若干培养学生自 主学习调控能力的重要策略。 论文共分四部分。第一部分为绪论,主要从社会的发展、教育改革的发展以及 心理学的发展三个层面分析了问题提出的缘由,介绍了
5、 自主学习和元认知的研究 现状,论述了本研究的思路及意义。第二部分探讨了自主学习与元认知监控的关 系。首先进行了概念探析,对元认知监控的概念、自主学习的涵义作了详细解说 ; 然后就元认知监控在自主学习中的作用进行了探讨,得出如下结论:自主学习离 不开元认知监控,元认知的调控作用贯穿于自主学习的始终,并影响着自主学习 的效果。第三部分讨论了自主学习的调控机制,即元认知监控对自主学习的计划、 监视与调整。首先从神经心理学理论、皮亚杰的认知发展理论以及斯滕伯格的三 重智力理论三个方面阐述了调控机制的理论基础,接着对已 有的齐默尔曼的自主 学习模型和魏恩的 COPES模型中的调控机制作了具体分析和评述
6、,最后建构了一 个整合的调控模式,从自主学习的调节阶段和调节领域进行了综合分析。第四部 分阐述了自主学习调控能力的培养。论文针对第三部分自主学习的调控阶段,相 应地提出了培养元认知调控能力的若干策略,如激发学生的学习动机、提高学生 的计划能力、培养学生的调控能力以及培养学生的自我评价与反思能力等等。同 时论文也对培养个体调控能力的一些保障因素进行了阐述,如良好氛围的营造、 教师自我调控能力的提高以及评价方法的改进等。 总之,自主 学习强调学习者在学习中的主体地位,重视个体的主观能动性。自 主学习成败的关键在于个体元认知调控能力的高低,只有个体在学习中对学习进 行有效的计划、监控和调节,自主学习
7、才呈现出其固有的本质内涵,即个体主动 调控的学习。 关键 I司:自主学习;元认知;元认知监控;调控机制;调控能力 分类号: G442 Meta-cognitive monitoring and self-regulated learning_ the regulative mechanism of self-regulated learning and the training of the regulative ability Abstract Since the beginning of the 20th century, self-regulated learning has been
8、studied systematically and thoroughly, not only in practice but also in theory. These studies mainly involve the influence factors, process, mechanism, study strategies as well as training patterns in self-regulated learning, but there are not any systemic studies on individual self-regulation mecha
9、nism in self-regulated learning. Since 70s of the 20th century along with the psychology development, people pay more and more attentions to the functions that the meta-cognition plays in learning. How to exert the meta-cognition functions of planning, monitoring and adjustment in self-regulated lea
10、rning affects the self-regulated learnings effects even the success or failure. In view of this, this paper first discusses the intrinsic relationship between meta-cognitive monitoring and self-regulated learning, then expounds the regulative mechanism of the self-regulated learning, finally, the au
11、thor proposes some important strategies that can be used to train the students regulative ability of self-regulated learning. This paper has four parts. The first part is an introduction. In this part the author analyses the reason, by which the question is proposed,mainly from three aspects: the de
12、velopment of society, the development of education reform and the psychology development. Then the author presents the status quo of studies on self-regulated learning and meta-cognition, and then the author put forward the course and the significance of this study. In the second part the author dis
13、cusses the relationship between self-regulated learning and meta-cognitive monitoring. First the author defines the concepts. The concepts of meta-cognition, meta-cognitive monitoring and self-regulated learning have been illustrated in details; Then the author analyzes the relationships between sel
14、f-regulated learning and meta-cognitive monitoring, and also discusses the functions of meta-cognitive monitoring in self-regulated learning. The author believes that: the self-regulated learning cant work without meta-cognitive monitoring. The regulative function of meta-cognition runs through the
15、whpart discussed the regulative mechanism of self-regulated learning. That is the function of planning, monitoring and adjustment of meta-cognition during self-regulated learning. First the author states the theoretic basics of regulative mechanism, these theories are nerve psychology theory, Jean P
16、iaget cognition development theory and R. J. Sternbergs trio-intelligence theory. Then the author analyzes the regulative process and mechanism in Zimmermans self-regulatory model and Winnes COPES model. Finally, the author proposes a unitary regulative pattern, and carries on the integrated analysi
17、s from self-regulated learning regulation stages and the regulation domain. The fourth part is about how to train students regulative ability of self-regulated learning. According to the regulative stage of self-regulated learning in the third part, the author, correspondingly, proposed some strateg
18、ies to cultivate the students regulation ability of self-regulated learning. For example, how to stimulate students, learning motive; how to improve the students planning ability; how to foster students regulative ability and how to raise students self-evaluation and the ability of self-examination.
19、 At the same time to foster individuals regulative ability also needs some safeguard factors, such as building up good atmosphere, enhancing teachers self- regulation ability and improving the way of evaluation. In brief, self-regulated learning emphasizes learners subjective status, also it attache
20、s importance to individuals subjective initiative. Whether self-regulated learning success or fail lies mainly on the height of the regulative ability of meta-cognitive monitoring. Only when the individual plans, monitors and adjusts effectively during the process of self-regulated learning, can the
21、 self-regulated learning show its inherent essential meaning. That is the learning which the individual regulates initiatively. Key words: Self-regulated learning; Meta-cognition; Meta-cognitive monitoring; Regulative mechanism; Regulative ability Category number: G442 第一部分:绪论 一、问题的提出 (一) 时代的呼唤:自主学习
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