有机化学及实验教学课件全套-绪论之五-考研试题文档资料系列.ppt

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1、 国外著名有机化学家简介国外著名有机化学家简介化学化学0202班班 谢鑫谢鑫 002429002429化学化学0202班班 白楠白楠 002432002432讲演人讲演人 POZITION DirectorDirector,Harvard Institute of Chemistry&Cell Biology InvestigatorInvestigator,Howard Hughes Medical InstituteMorris Loeb Professor and Morris Loeb Professor and ChairChair,Chemistry&Chemical Biolog

2、y DirectorDirector,Bauer Center of Genomics ResearchStuart L.SchreiberHonors And Awards Some main prizeSome main prizen nNSF presidential young investigator award,1985;NSF presidential young investigator award,1985;n nThiemeThieme-IUPAC award in synthetic organic-IUPAC award in synthetic organic che

3、mistry,1992;chemistry,1992;n nEli Lilly award in biological chemistry,ACS,1993;Eli Lilly award in biological chemistry,ACS,1993;n nDupont Merck young investigator award of the Dupont Merck young investigator award of the protein society,1995;protein society,1995;n nTetrahedron prize for creativity i

4、n organic Tetrahedron prize for creativity in organic chemistry,1997;chemistry,1997;n nDerek Barton medal,1999;Derek Barton medal,1999;n nAlfred Bader award in bioorganic and bioinorganic Alfred Bader award in bioorganic and bioinorganic chemistry,ACS,2000;chemistry,ACS,2000;RECEIVED 30 AWARDS BETWE

5、EN 1985-2000 Thieme-IUPAC Award in Synthetic Organic Chemistry The The ThiemeThieme-IUPAC Prize-IUPAC Prize is is awarded every two years on the awarded every two years on the occasion of IUPACs occasion of IUPACs International Conference on International Conference on Organic Synthesis(Organic Synt

6、hesis(ICOSICOS)to a)to a scientist under 40 years of age,scientist under 40 years of age,whose research has had a major whose research has had a major impact on the field ofimpact on the field of synthetic synthetic organic chemistry.The Prize is organic chemistry.The Prize is sponsored jointly by s

7、ponsored jointly by GeorgGeorg ThiemeThieme VerlagVerlag,IUPACIUPAC,and,and the Editors of the Editors of SynthesisSynthesis,SynlettSynlett,Science of Science of SynthesisSynthesis,and,and Houben-Houben-WeylWeyl.Thieme-IUPAC Prize in Synthetic Oraganic ChemistrySchreibers Research Biologists study p

8、athways and networks by perturbing Biologists study pathways and networks by perturbing them and observing the result.Whereas these them and observing the result.Whereas these perturbations most often result from mutations in perturbations most often result from mutations in genetic investigations,t

9、hey can also result from small genetic investigations,they can also result from small organic molecules.Numerous examples exist of small organic molecules.Numerous examples exist of small molecules being used to explore immunology,yet molecules being used to explore immunology,yet these examples hav

10、e been brought to light generally these examples have been brought to light generally on a case-by-case basis.Rather than using small on a case-by-case basis.Rather than using small molecules on an ad hoc basis,Stuart Schreibers molecules on an ad hoc basis,Stuart Schreibers laboratory is attempting

11、 to use them in a systematic laboratory is attempting to use them in a systematic way,so that virtually any area of biology can be way,so that virtually any area of biology can be examined with small molecules.examined with small molecules.Beginning in the mid-1980s,Schreiber and his co-workers Begi

12、nning in the mid-1980s,Schreiber and his co-workers studied the molecular mechanisms of the immunosuppressive studied the molecular mechanisms of the immunosuppressive agents agents cyclosporincyclosporin（环孢菌素）环孢菌素）环孢菌素）环孢菌素）,FK506 and,FK506 and rapamycinrapamycin（雷伯雷伯雷伯雷伯酶素酶素酶素酶素）,which led to new

13、insights into two signaling networks,which led to new insights into two signaling networks central to central to hematopoietichematopoietic cell function.Using a synthetic analog cell function.Using a synthetic analog of FK506,they were able to show that these of FK506,they were able to show that th

14、ese immunosuppressantsimmunosuppressants“bridge”two proteins.Both the “bridge”two proteins.Both the complex of complex of cyclosporincyclosporin （环孢菌素）环孢菌素）环孢菌素）环孢菌素）with its receptor,with its receptor,cyclophilincyclophilin（亲环蛋白亲环蛋白亲环蛋白亲环蛋白）,and the complex of FK506 with its,and the complex of FK50

15、6 with its receptor,FKBP12,bind the same protein,the protein receptor,FKBP12,bind the same protein,the protein phosphatasephosphatase calcineurincalcineurin（磷酸酶神经储钙蛋白磷酸酶神经储钙蛋白磷酸酶神经储钙蛋白磷酸酶神经储钙蛋白）.This.This discovery,together with Gerald Crabtrees discovery of NFAT discovery,together with Gerald Crabt

16、rees discovery of NFAT proteins,now known to be essential for immune function,heart proteins,now known to be essential for immune function,heart development,and the acquisition of memory in the development,and the acquisition of memory in the hippocampus.hippocampus.Schreibers Research Combining syn

17、thetic organic chemistry and cell Combining synthetic organic chemistry and cell biology,Schreiber and co-workers co-discovered the biology,Schreiber and co-workers co-discovered the mammalian protein FRAP,the target of the complex mammalian protein FRAP,the target of the complex between FKBP12 and

18、between FKBP12 and rapamycinrapamycin,and unraveled its,and unraveled its role as a metabolic sensor and a regulator of cells role as a metabolic sensor and a regulator of cells response to nutrients.FRAP and its yeast response to nutrients.FRAP and its yeast orthologsorthologs Tor1p/2p are now reco

19、gnized as the founding Tor1p/2p are now recognized as the founding members of a family of proteins called the PIK-members of a family of proteins called the PIK-related related kinaseskinases(ATM,ATR,DNA-PK),which act as (ATM,ATR,DNA-PK),which act as intracellular sensors monitoring a number of intr

20、acellular sensors monitoring a number of different cellular pathways.different cellular pathways.Schreibers ResearchPapers&Publications 1.Chemistry and Biology of the 1.Chemistry and Biology of the ImmunophilinsImmunophilins and Their Immunosuppressive and Their Immunosuppressive LigandsLigands S.L.

21、S.L.Schreiber,Science 1991,251,283-287.Schreiber,Science 1991,251,283-287.2.Three-Part Inventions:Intracellular Signaling 2.Three-Part Inventions:Intracellular Signaling and Induced Proximity Gerald R.Crabtree and and Induced Proximity Gerald R.Crabtree and Stuart L.Schreiber,TIBS 1996,21,418-422 St

22、uart L.Schreiber,TIBS 1996,21,418-422 3.Chemical Genetics Resulting from a Passion 3.Chemical Genetics Resulting from a Passion for Synthetic Organic Chemistry Stuart L.for Synthetic Organic Chemistry Stuart L.Schreiber,Schreiber,BioMedBioMed Chem.1998,6,1127-1152.Chem.1998,6,1127-1152.4.Target-Orie

23、nted&Diversity-Oriented Organic 4.Target-Oriented&Diversity-Oriented Organic Synthesis S L Schreiber Science 2000,287,Synthesis S L Schreiber Science 2000,287,1964-69.1964-69.PicnicConnection Tel:617-495-5318 Fax:617-495-0571 E-mail:slsslsiris.harvard.edu Group Websitehttp:/www-schreiber.chem.harvar

24、d.edu/Dieter Seebach Dieter Dieter SeebachSeebach has been Full Professor has been Full Professor at the Organic Chemistry Laboratory of at the Organic Chemistry Laboratory of the ETH Zurich since 1977.the ETH Zurich since 1977.Dieter Dieter SeebachSeebach was born in 1937 in was born in 1937 in Kar

25、lsruheKarlsruhe（卡尔斯鲁厄卡尔斯鲁厄卡尔斯鲁厄卡尔斯鲁厄）,Germany.,Germany.He has studied chemistry at the He has studied chemistry at the University of University of KarlsruheKarlsruhe and Harvard and Harvard University.University.Dieter Seebach He returned to He returned to KarlsruheKarlsruhe and earned and earned ha

26、bilitation in 1969 with a thesis on S habilitation in 1969 with a thesis on S and Se stabilized and Se stabilized carbanioncarbanion and and carbenecarbene derivatives.derivatives.In 1971 he was called to the Justus In 1971 he was called to the Justus LiebigLiebig University in University in Giessen

27、Giessen and in 1977 and in 1977 to the ETH Zurich.to the ETH Zurich.He has been a guest professor at the He has been a guest professor at the Universities of Madison,Strasbourg,Universities of Madison,Strasbourg,Munich(TU),Munich(TU),KaiserslauternKaiserslautern,Frankfurt,Frankfurt and at Caltech,Pa

28、sadena,as well as at and at Caltech,Pasadena,as well as at the Max Planck Institute in the Max Planck Institute in MulheimMulheim.Prof.Prof.SeebachSeebach is a member of the New is a member of the New Swiss Chemical Society and comparable Swiss Chemical Society and comparable associations in Germany

29、,Great Britain,associations in Germany,Great Britain,Japan and the USA.Japan and the USA.He also belongs to the German Academy He also belongs to the German Academy of Natural Science Research of Natural Science Research LeopoldinaLeopoldina and is a corresponding member of the and is a correspondin

30、g member of the Academy of Sciences and Literature in Academy of Sciences and Literature in Mainz,and is an elected member of the Mainz,and is an elected member of the SchweizerischeSchweizerische AkademieAkademie derder TechnischenTechnischen WissenschaftenWissenschaften.Dieter Seebach19841984 FRSC

31、 Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry,U.K.FRSC Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry,U.K.Visiting ProfessorshipVisiting Professorship:19741974 California Institute of Technology,Pasadena,USA California Institute of Technology,Pasadena,USA1980-Imperial College,London,U.K.1980-Imperial College,

32、London,U.K.1981-Max-Planck-Institut 1981-Max-Planck-Institut Lectureship:Lectureship:1981-University of Minnesota,Minneapolis,USA 1981-University of Minnesota,Minneapolis,USA 1982-University of Illinois,Urbana-Champaign,USA 1982-University of Illinois,Urbana-Champaign,USA 1982-Princeton University,P

33、rinceton,USA 1982-Princeton University,Princeton,USA 1984-University of Manchester,U.K.1984-University of Manchester,U.K.1986-University of Chicago,USA 1986-University of Chicago,USA 1986-University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,USA 1986-University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,USA Honors And Awards 1986-The Univer

34、sity of California,Berkeley,USA 1986-The University of California,Berkeley,USA 1988-University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,USA 1988-University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,USA 1988-The University of Wisconsin,Madison,USA 1988-The University of Wisconsin,Madison,USA 1989-Massachusetts Instit

35、ute of Technology,Cambridge,USA 1989-Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Cambridge,USA 1990-Harvard University,Cambridge,USA 1990-Harvard University,Cambridge,USA 1990-Ohio State University,Columbus,USA 1990-Ohio State University,Columbus,USA 1990-University of California,Irvine,USA 1990-Universit

36、y of California,Irvine,USA 1990-Columbia University,New York,USA 1990-Columbia University,New York,USA 1992-Duke University,Durham,NC,USA 1992-Duke University,Durham,NC,USA University of Cambridge,Cambridge,U.K.University of Cambridge,Cambridge,U.K.Yale University,New Haven,USA Yale University,New H

37、aven,USA 1996-Kansas University,Lawrence,USA 1996-Kansas University,Lawrence,USA 1997-Cornell University,Ithaca,NY,USA 1997-Cornell University,Ithaca,NY,USA 2002-Stanford University,Stanford,CA,USA 2002-Stanford University,Stanford,CA,USA Honors And Awards Seebachs Research His work focuses on the d

38、evelopment of new synthesis methods;production and secondary structure examination of beta peptides;the synthesis of oligomers in(R)-3 hydroxybutyric acid（羟丁酸羟丁酸）and the respective biopolymers as well as their application possibilities;the synthesis of chiral dendrimers（树枝状大分子树枝状大分子）and the use of c

39、hiral titanates in organic synthesis.Synthesis,Structural Investigations and Biological Evaluation of Oligomers of Beta-Amino Acids Investigations of the Biopolymer PHB and of related Oligo(3-hydroxyalkanoates)Enantioselective Reactions（对映选择性对映选择性反应反应）Using Transition Metal ComplexesSeebachs Researc

40、hProf.Dr.Dieter SeebachLaboratory of organic chemistryETH Hoenggerberg,HCICH-8093 Zuerich,SwitzerlandTel:+41-1-632 2990Fax:+41-1-632 1144E-ail:mailto:seebachorg.Chem.ethz.ChConnectionDavid Evans David Albert Evans was born in David Albert Evans was born in Washington D.C.in 1941.Washington D.C.in 19

41、41.He received his A.B.degree from He received his A.B.degree from Oberlin College in 1963.He Oberlin College in 1963.He obtained his Ph.D.at the California obtained his Ph.D.at the California Institute of Technology in 1967.In Institute of Technology in 1967.In that year he joined the faculty at th

42、at year he joined the faculty at the University of California,Los the University of California,Los Angeles.Angeles.David Evans In 1973 he was promoted to the In 1973 he was promoted to the rank of Full Professor and shortly rank of Full Professor and shortly thereafter returned to Caltech where ther

43、eafter returned to Caltech where he remained until 1983.he remained until 1983.In 1983 he joined the Faculty at In 1983 he joined the Faculty at Harvard University and in 1990 he Harvard University and in 1990 he was appointed as the Abbott and was appointed as the Abbott and James Lawrence Professo

44、r of James Lawrence Professor of Chemistry.In July of 1998 he Chemistry.In July of 1998 he completed his three-year term as completed his three-year term as chair of the Harvard Department of chair of the Harvard Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology.Chemistry and Chemical Biology.Honors And

45、Awards Professor Evans is a recipient of numerous honors Professor Evans is a recipient of numerous honors such as the ACS Award for Creative Work in such as the ACS Award for Creative Work in Synthetic Organic Chemistry(1982),and the Arthur Synthetic Organic Chemistry(1982),and the Arthur C.Cope Sc

46、holar Award(1988),the Yamada Prize C.Cope Scholar Award(1988),the Yamada Prize(1997),the Tetrahedron Prize(1998),the Robert(1997),the Tetrahedron Prize(1998),the Robert Robinson Award(1998),the Robinson Award(1998),the PrelogPrelog Medal(1999),Medal(1999),and the Arthur C.Cope Award(2000).and the Ar

47、thur C.Cope Award(2000).He was elected into the National Academy of He was elected into the National Academy of Sciences in 1984,the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1984,the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1988 and the Royal Society of Chemistry Sciences in 1988 and the Royal Socie

48、ty of Chemistry in 2001.in 2001.He is currently a consultant with Merck He is currently a consultant with Merck Research Laboratories and with Oxford Research Laboratories and with Oxford Asymmetry.He has been on the Advisory Asymmetry.He has been on the Advisory Boards of The Journal of the America

49、n Boards of The Journal of the American Chemical Society,Tetrahedron,Tetrahedron Chemical Society,Tetrahedron,Tetrahedron Letters,and Topics in Stereochemistry.Letters,and Topics in Stereochemistry.Currently,he is on the Advisory Boards of Currently,he is on the Advisory Boards of Organic Letters an

50、d Current Opinion in Bio-Organic Letters and Current Opinion in Bio-organic Chemistry,London,UKorganic Chemistry,London,UKHonors And AwardsEvans Research Evans has made fundamental advances in the design of stereoselective reactions and the applications of these reactions to natural products synthes