非谓语动词作主语和定语.ppt

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1、非谓语动词作主语一、动名词（V.ing）作主语Losing him was blue like Id never knownMissing him was dark grey all aloneForgetting him was like trying to know somebody youve never metBut loving him was red一.The usage of V-ing form used as subject 动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态。Watching news on TV has become a routine for me.(经常性

2、、习惯性的动作)Talking is easier than doing.(状态）一.动名词做主语的3种句型(1)动名词直接置于句首。Talking is easier than doing.(2)Ving 形式作主语时常后置,用it作形式主语It is a waste of time doing sth(3)There be 结构中作主语：A.There is+no doingB.There is no point doing(1)动名词直接置于句首。Watching news on TV has become a routine for me.Seeing is believing.(2)

3、V-ing 形式作主语时常后置,用it作形式主语。is a waste of time.形式主语真正主语It is a waste of time playing video games.playing video games常见句式:It is no good/no use/useless doing sth 做、没有用的It is a waste of time doing sth做、是浪费时间的(3)There be 结构中作主语：A.There is no+doing 表示不可能做某事例子：There is no knowing the future=we cant know the

4、future.我们不可能知道未来发生什么 There is no telling what he is going to do说出他要干什么是不可能的。There is no saying what may happen.说出将要发生什么是不可能的。B.There is no point doing 做某事没有意义Theres no point having wishes if you dont at least try to do them.Talking is easier than doing.Losing him was blue like Id never known.Missing

5、 him was dark grey all alone.动名词作主语时，单个V-ing 做主语，谓语动词用单数。Collecting stamps and running are his hobby.两个或两个以上表达不同意义的V-ing 作主语，谓语动词用复数。主谓一致：Seeing _(be)believing.Watching TV and reading books _(has)become a routine for me.一.动名词做主语的用法(1)动名词直接置于句首。Talking is easier than doing.(2)Ving 形式作主语时常后置,用it作形式主语I

6、t is a waste of time doing sth(3)There be 结构中作主语：A.There is+no doingB.There is no point doing单个V-ing 做主语，谓语动词用单数。Since Tom went to high school,_(watch)TV has become a routine for him.His mother always said“its waste of time_(spend)time in front of TV.”However,Tom always answers“I can keep a balance

7、between studying and watching TV.”As you know,talking _(be)easier than doing.Later,Tom doesnt do well in the final exam and he is so sad.Toms mother knows that there is no point_(scold)him now.so she comforts him and said“it is no use _(cry)over spilt milk.There is no _(tell)what you can do,just try

8、 your best.Since Tom went to high school,_watching_(watch)TV has become a routine for him.His mother always said“its waste of time_spending_(spend)time in front of TV.”However,Tom always answers“I can keep a balance between studying and watching TV.”As you know,talking _is_(be)easier than doing.Late

9、r,Tom doesnt do well in the final exam and he is so sad.Toms mother knows that there is no point_scolding_(scold)him now.so she comforts him and said“it is no use _crying_(cry)over spilt milk.There is no _telling_(tell)what you can do,just try your best.二、不定式（to+动词原形）作主语1、直接做主语例句：To hesitate means f

10、ailure.犹豫不决就意味着失败。To do this is to cut the foot to fit the shoe.这样做是削足适履。（主语和表语均用不定式）For him to admit his mistakes is not easy.要他承认错误是不容易的。（带逻辑主语）To be working all day long is a bore.整天干活使人厌倦。（不定式进行式）To have known you is a privilege.认识了你真是荣幸。（不定式完成式）2.It做形式主语Its unlike him to be late.他可不是迟到的那种人。How

11、does it feel to be on your own?自由自在的感觉怎样？It would be wrong for people to marry for money.人们为钱而结婚是错误的。（It+be+形容词+for短语+不定式）Its a shame to say like that.那样说话是可耻的。（It+be+名词+不定式）It is against may principles to do such a thing.做这样的事是违反我的原则的。（It+be+介词短语+不定式）Of 还是 for？It is+adj.+of+sb.+to do sth.这里的形容词是描述不

12、定式行为者的性格、品质的,如kind,good,nice,right,wrong,clever,careless,polite,foolish等Its very kind of you to help me.你能帮我,真好.Its clever of you to work out the maths problem.你真聪明,解出了这道数学题.It is+adj.+for+sb.+to do sth.若形容词仅仅是描述事物,不是对人的评价,用for sb.,这类词有difficult,easy,hard,important,dangerous,（im）possible等.Its very d

13、angerous for children to cross the busy street.对孩子们来说,穿过繁忙的街道很危险.Its difficult for us to finish the work.对我们来说,完成这项工作很困难.非谓语动词做定语1.不定式作定语，要放在它所修饰的名词不定式作定语，要放在它所修饰的名词之后，表示一个之后，表示一个将来的动作将来的动作。如：They have three tickets to spare.他们多三张票。She has plenty of clothes to wear.她有足够的衣服穿。句型 the first to do He is

14、always the first one to come to school and the last to leave.2.分词作定语现在分词表示其动作正在发生或与谓语同时发生.There is a gentleman asking to see you.有一位先生要求见你。过去分词表示其动作已经完成或没有时间性.She is a trained nurse.她是一个受过训练的护士。*如果动作不是和谓语同时发生或正在发生，则只能用定语从句。3.3.动名词作定语，只放在名词前，说明该名词动名词作定语，只放在名词前，说明该名词的性能或用途的性能或用途The doctor told me not

15、to take sleeping pills.医生叫我不要服安眠药。4.to be done,being done,done 4.to be done,being done,done 均可用作定语，且都表均可用作定语，且都表示被动意义，其区别在于：示被动意义，其区别在于：to be done to be done 表示将来，表示将来，being being done done 表示目前正在发生，表示目前正在发生，done done 表示过去已经发生。表示过去已经发生。The house to be built next year is a cinema.明年建的那座房子是家电影院。The ho

16、use being built now is a cinema.现在正在建的房子是家电影院。The house built last year is a cinema.去年建的那座房子是家电影院。4.There were several new events _(add)to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.5.The prize of the game show is$30,000 and an all expenses _(pay)vacation to China.12.The repairs cost a lot,but i

17、ts money well _(spend).35.I was told that there were about 50 foreign students _(study)Chinese in the school,most of whom were from Germany.36.The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games _(hold)in Beijing in 2008.43.The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket _(cover)the desert.55.Five people won the“Chinas Green Figure”award,a title _(give)to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection.