《英语语法、词汇专项训练.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英语语法、词汇专项训练.docx(188页珍藏版)》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、目录前言第一章考试概述第二章考试大纲第一部分考 试 大 纲 1 3第三章样题及详解 6第二部分语法、词汇精讲精练第一章语法结构21第 一 节 时态21第二节 被动语态27第三节 复合从句31第四节 虚拟语气52第五节 非谓语动词62第六节 情态动词87第七节 形容词、 副词92第八节 倒装、 强调、 反义疑问句98第九节 主谓一致105第二章语法专项练习113第三章词汇知识121第一节 词汇考查重点121第二节 常用词汇构成法122第四章词汇专项练习126第五章语法、词汇综合练习及详解139第三部分专升本英语高频词汇必备专升本必备系列:英语高频词组 ( 一) 专升本必备系列:英语高频词组 (
2、二) 专升本必备系列:英语高频词组 ( 三) 158 166 172第一部分考 试 大 纲第一章考 试 概 述自 2011 年起, 山东省普通高等教育专升本考试取消了学分互认专升本考试 ( 即校内专升本), 此前已把跨校类专升本考试及面向社会专升本考试统一为普通专升本考试 ( 含师范类和高职类), 在每年 12 月份或次年 1 月份举行全省统一考试。 考试科目分为公共课和专业综合课两种: 公共课包括公共英语 ( 英语专业考生为大学语文) 和计算机 ( 计算机专业考生为高等数学), 每门成绩为 100 分; 专业综合课根据考生报考的专业由主考院校确定, 每门成绩满分不超过 150 分。 其中,
3、公共课为统考科目, 实行全省统一命题、 统一阅卷, 并规定最低控制分数线, 达到分数线的考生, 方可进入录取序列。山东省专升本英语考试的命题主要依据教育部颁发的 高职高专教育英语课程教学基本要求( 试行) ( 以下简称 基本要求) 进行, 同时根据省内考生在公共英语方面的实际能力以及招生录取工作的具体情况, 对每年的题型及难度做出调整。 由于大纲颁布距今已有 10 年时间, 其规定难度已无法对学生的英文水平进行全面准确的考查, 加上历年来命题过程中对具体题型不断进行调整, 实考试题的题型构成也有了较大变化。 因此, 考生需要重点关注以往几年山东省专升本英语考试的真题, 以便清晰把握考试的题型构
4、成、 难度系数以及考查重点等。目前, 山东省专升本公共英语考试的具体题型构成根据实际情况调整如下: 考试基本题型保持听力理解 ( Listening Comprehension)、 词汇用法和语法结构 ( Vocabulary and Structure)、 阅读理解 ( Reading Comprehension)、 翻译 ( Translation)、 写作 ( Writing) 五部分不变。 其中听力部分包括的题型有简短对话 ( Short Conversations)、 长对话 ( Long Conversations)、 短文听力 ( Short Passa ges) 和听写填空 (
5、 Spot Dictation) 四种, 每年从中选取三种或四种题型进行考查, 分值为 20 分。词汇与语法结构部分取消了大纲样题中 A 节对词性转换的考查, 仅保留了 B 节单项选择题, 同时在单选题增加了对词汇搭配、 词义辨析的考查。 词汇与语法结构部分目前一般为 30 题, 分值为 15 分。 阅读理解部分的题型包括阅读选择题、 阅读简答题、 业务交际英语理解三种, 每年从中选取两种或三种题型进行考查, 分值为 30 分。 翻译部分仍然包括英译汉、 汉译英两部分, 共 10 题, 分值为 20 分。 其中 A 节英译汉部分的英文句子不再完全出自试题的阅读理解文章, 部分句子来自试题之外。
6、 写作部分的要求有所提高, 字数由大纲中的规定不低于 80 词提高到不低于 120 词, 体裁和题材均有较大的扩展。 目前的考查形式有书信、 标题作文、 提纲作文等, 分值为 15 分。随着各院校英语教学水平的不断提高, 近年来参加专升本考试的考生英语能力有了较大提高,2英语语法、 词汇专项训练试题的难度也逐年增大。 目前试题难度已远高于大纲样题的难度, 大体介于高等学校英语应用能力考试 A 级 ( PRETCO A) 与大学英语三级 ( CET 3) 考试之间。 这一难度能够比较好地反映出考生的实际英文水平, 较好地控制了过线学生人数, 实现了选拔优秀学生进入本科阶段学习的目标。同时, 考试
7、整体难度的增加, 也反映在对考生词汇量的要求上。 目前我省的专升本考试中, 公共英语方面要求学生达到的词汇量大约在 3 800 词左右, 也已超出大纲中规定的 3 400 词的上限。第二章考 试 大 纲山东省高职高专英语应用能力考试大纲山东省教育厅高等教育处审定一、总则教育部颁发的 基本要求 指出: “ 语言测试在考核英语知识的同时, 应着重考核学生实际运用语言的能力, 要做到科学、 公平和规范。” 同时指出: “ 考虑到目前学生入学英语水平的差异, 教学和测试分 A、 B 两级。” 山东省高职高专英语应用能力考试大纲就是根据这一要求而设计的。 鉴于我省实际情况, 目前, 山东省高职高专英语应
8、用能力考试的内容以 基本要求所规定的 B 级内容为主。 待条件成熟后, 再进行 A 级的统一考试。 这种考试属于尺度参照性考试。高职高专英语课程的教学目的是: “ 经过 180 220 学时的教学, 使学生掌握一定的英语基础知识和技能, 具有一定的听、 说、 读、 写、 译的能力, 从而能借助词典阅读和翻译有关英语业务资料, 在涉外交际的日常活动和业务中进行简短的口头和书写交流, 并为今后进一步提高英语的交际能力打下基础。” 整个教学过程遵循 “ 实用为主, 够用为度” 的原则, “ 强调打好语言基础和培养语言应用能力并重; 强调语言基本技能的训练和培养实际从事涉外交际活动的语言应用能力并重。
9、” “ 目前要特别注意加强听说技能的培养。” 为此, 本考试主要考核学生听和读的理解能力、 翻译与写作的应用能力, 同时也对词语用法、 语法结构的掌握程度进行考核。本考试目前只进行笔试。 但为了贯彻 基本要求 的精神, 我们把客观性试题和主观性试题的比例做了较大调整, 有原来的 7 3 调整为 5. 5 4. 5, 考试时间为 120 分钟, 满分 100 分。二、应考对象和考试要求考试对象为高职、 高专、 五年一贯制高专和成人专科修完 220 学时英语课程的学生。 他们应掌握 3 400 个单词和一定数量的词组的意义及基本用法, 应具有实际运用语法的能力, 能够阅读和翻译一般题材和涉外业务的
10、文字材料, 能够听懂一般的对话和短文, 并能写简单的关于日常生活的短文和业务应用文。三、考试内容B 级考试的内容以 基本要求 的四个附表, 即交际范围表、 语言技能表、 语法结构表、 词汇表为依据。 考试包括五个部分: 听力理解、 词语用法和语法结构、 阅读理解、 翻译和写作。 全4英语语法、 词汇专项训练部题目按序列统一编号。第一部分: 听力理解 ( Part Listening Comprehension)共 20 题, 考试时间为 15 分钟。 这一部分包括 3 节。 A 节 ( Section A) 共 5 题, 每题含一组对话, 共两句, 读一遍, 对话后有一个问句。 B 节 ( S
11、ection B) 读一遍, 共 5 题, 分别安排在两篇听力材料之后, 每篇后有 2 3 题, 每题为一个问句。 C 节 ( Section C) 为听写填空或简答题。 听写填空: 共 10 题, 试卷上给出的 160 词左右的短文, 其中有 10 个空格, 每个空格要求填入一个词或短语, 全文读三遍。 简答题: 共 5 题, 试卷上给出 200 词左右的短文, 全文朗读两遍。 第一遍按正常语速朗读, 第二遍语速稍慢, 要求考生在会意和听懂的基础上做出简约的回答。 听力部分的语速正常情况下为每分钟 110 词左右。 本部分的测试目的是检查考生获取口头信息和书面表达的综合能力。选材的原则是:对
12、话部分为日常交际对话, 句子结构较为简单。短文听力材料为题材熟悉、 情节较为简单的短文。听写填空材料为日常生活或较为简单的关于涉外活动的短文。第二部分: 词语用法和语法结构 ( Part Vocabulary and Structure)共 30 题, 考试时间为 20 分钟。 这一部分包括两节: A 节 ( Section A) 为词语的用法, 共 10 题, 要求考生用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 B 节 ( Section B) 为语法结构, 共 20 题, 要求考生从每题四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 本部分的测试目的是检查学生对词语用法和语法结构的掌握程度。第三部分: 阅读理解 ( P
13、art Reading Comprehension)共 20 题, 4 节内容, 考试时间为 35 分钟, 要求考生按照指令完成各项任务。 第一节和第二节为短文理解, 考生可根据文章内容从每题四个选择项中选出最佳答案; 第三节为业务交际英语理解, 首先以字母为序给出若干常用英语业务交际用语, 然后打乱顺序以数字为序给出部分汉语翻译, 要求考生把意义相同的英汉用语匹配到一起, 以检查学生对英语基本业务用语的掌握程度; 第四节是应用文理解, 给出一篇或两篇应用文, 要求考生对所提问题做出简单回答, 目的是考查学生对广告、 说明书、 业务信函、 合同等常见应用文的理解能力和初步的应用能力。选材的原则
14、是: 题材广泛, 包括社会文化、 日常生活、 科普常识、 商贸经济等, 所涉及的背景和知识是学生了解和熟悉的。 体裁多样, 为记叙文、 说明文、 议论文、 应用文等。 文章难度适中, 如有超出 基本要求 所规定的词汇且影响理解的, 则用汉语注明词义。第四部分: 翻译 ( Part Translation)共 10 题, 考试时间为 20 分钟。 这一部分包括两节: A 节 ( Section A) 为英译汉, 共 5 题, 要求将阅读理解材料中有标号的 5 个划线句子译成汉语。 本节的测试目的是检查学生对常用句型和词语的综合理解和运用能力。 B 节 ( Section B) 为汉译英, 给出
15、5 个单句或包含 5 个句子的短文。本节的测试目的是检查考生实际运用语言的综合能力。第五部分: 写作 ( Part Writing)考试时间为 30 分钟。 要求考生写出 80 100 词的短文, 写作内容为日常生活题材或简单的业务交际短文。 试卷上可能给出题目, 或规定情景, 或要求写请柬、 个人简历、 通知等应用文。 短文要求格式基本正确, 能基本表达思想, 意思连贯, 无重大语法错误。 本部分的测试目的是检查学生的英语书面表达能力。第二章考 试 大 纲5四、试卷各部分的题目、记分和考试时间序号题号名称题数记分时间1 20听力理解20 题20 分15 分钟21 50词语用法和语法结构30
16、题15 分20 分钟51 70阅读理解20 题30 分35 分钟71 80翻译10 题20 分20 分钟写作1 题15 分30 分钟合计81 题100 分120 分钟备注:1. 每年的考试时间根据山东省考试院公示的为准。2. 听力部分的题型每年会稍有变化, 以真题为准。3. 阅读部分的题型近几年稍有不同, 共有 2 节内容, 基本题型为选择题和匹配题, 阅读简答题和业务交际英语理解已取消, 以真题为准。第三章样题及详解山东省普通高等教育专升本考试公共英语模拟试题及详解试卷一( 考试时间: 120 分钟)注意事项:一、 本试卷分为试卷一、 试卷二两部分。二、 将自己的姓名、 准考证号码写在试卷和
17、答题卡的相应位置上。 考试结束后, 把试卷和答题卡放在桌面上。 教师收卷后才可以离开考场。 试卷和答题卡均不得带走。三、 仔细读懂题目说明。四、 在 120 分钟内答完全部试题, 不得拖延时间。五、 试卷一的答案必须填涂在答题卡上, 凡写在试卷上的答案一律无效; 试卷上所有题目必须在试卷上作答。第一部分: 听力理解 ( 本大题共 20 小题, 每小题 1 分, 共 20 分) Part Listening Comprehension (20 points, 1 point each) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 s
18、hort conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A
19、, B, C and D and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corre sponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Short Conversations1. A. He has changed his plan.B. He has canceled his trip.C. He is arriving this afternoon.D. He forgot to arrange his trip.2. A. Awaitre
20、ss.B. A salesgirl.C. A housewife.D. Areception. 3. A. 9: 00.B. 9: 10.C. 9: 20.D. 9: 30.4. A. The woman is sick.B. The woman has to work.C. The woman has to go to the party.D. The woman doesn t want to go the party.5. A. The man didn t notice her in the hallway.B. There was an announcement in the hal
21、lway.C. The meeting will be on Friday.D. The meeting has been canceled.6. A. She is very much afraid.B. She has never heard of the place.C. She is not familiar with the place.D. She has never taken the bus before.7. A. The new teacher is ill.B. She hasn t met the new teacher yet.C. She doesn t want
22、to meet the new teacher. D. She doesn t feel well.8. A. Not go shopping downtown.B. Guard her money.C. Look for a new wallet.D. Not to take the train.Long Conversation OneQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A. He isn t very well.B. He has some trouble in his study.
23、C. He feels lonely living in Britain.D. He is not accustomed to the weather and food in the country.10. A. Because he seldom goes out.B. Because English people seldom go out.C. Because he lives at a place where there are few English people.D. Because he is busy studying.11. A. Peter s English is too
24、 poor.B. English people hate to be talked to.C. He never speaks first.D. He often asks stupid questions.Long Conversation TwoQuestions 12 to 14 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A. A common habit.B. A common behavior.C. A learned behavior.D. A learned habit.13. A. She is shy when
25、 speaking in front of people.B. She forgot to prepare the class.C. She made a serious mistake in front of people.D. She forgot to give a presentation.14. A. He looks like children.B. He feels very nervous when somebody is waiting for him.C. He likes history very much.D. He blushes frequently.Section
26、 BDirections: In this section, you will hear 2 passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Then mark the corres
27、ponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. A. The matter is somewhat important.B. It is a matter of life and death.C. You are getting people into trouble.D. You are not considerate.16. A. In
28、social life.B. In school life.C. In private life.D. In daily life.17. A. Because they speak different language.英语语法、 词汇专项训练8B. Because they use different gestures.C. Because they understand the meaning of time differently.D. Because they have different educational background.Passage TwoQuestions 18
29、to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A. Dijon.B. Paris.C. France.D. America.19. A. In the airplane.B. In the ship.C. In the bus.D. In the train.20. A. Mark Twain was very hottempered.B. The conductor was quite careless.C. The service on the train was bad.D. The man who was put off
30、the train was a little bit angry.第二部分: 词汇和语法结构 ( 本大题共 30 小题, 每小题 0. 5 分, 共 15 分)Part Vocabulary and Structure (15 points, 0. 5 pint each)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best complete
31、s the sentence. Then mark the corre sponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.21. You have nothing to by refusing our advice.A. gainB. graspC. seizeD. earn22. The accident him of his sight and the use of his legs.A. derivedB. disabledC. deprivedD. seized23. She was so
32、 in her job that she didn t hear anybody knocking at the door.A. absorbedB. attractedC. drawnD. concentrated24. I a long pole in the center of the field, and on top of it I hung the lamp.A. put upB. put onC. put outD. put up with25. A good friend is one who will you when you are in trouble.A. stand
33、forB. stand byC. stand up toD. stand up with26. It was in the year 1925 John Biard found a way to send pictures by wireless equipment.A. whenB. thatC. whichD. until27. It was essential that all the necessary documents to the president s office before the end of this month.A. be handed in B. should h
34、and inC. must be handed in D. had been handed in28. I don t like watching football games, and .A. she doesn t too B. either doesn t she C. neither does she D. she doesn t neither29. This year we will produce they did last year.A. as twice many cars asB. twice as many cars thanC. twice as many cars a
35、sD. cars twice as many that30. In some countries, is called “ equality” does not really mean equal rights for all people. 32. Police haveB. ThatC. ItD. What31. A. whichB. whatC. thatD. oneA. Asmight be expected the response to the question was very mixed.their inquiries.to the public to come forward
36、 with any information which might help them in21第三章样题及详解A. urgedB. appealedC. claimedD. called33. Why don t you have a night out? It would take your off your worries.rAs a president, his views are treated with respect when he was intervie34. A. caresB. headC. heartD. mindwed.35. A. priormewhat disap
37、p B. lateand was about to l C. previoussomethinD. forme d which attractedI felt so my attention.ointedeave, g occurre36.A. unlessB. untilC. whenD. while , you are welcome to join in our discussion.A. No matter what are your opinionsB. Whatever your opinions areC. No matter whatever your opinions are
38、D. No matter your opinions are father,37. His explanation he didn t see the notice is unsatisfactory.38.his watc Realizing t enA. whichB. asthat he hadnough money andC. that to borrow from hisD. what he decided to sellh.A. not wantedB. no to wantC. not wantingD. wanting not39. He is the only one of
39、the sons in the family who received higher education.A. areB. isC. haveD. has40. I suppose that when I come back in ten years time all these old houses A. will have been pulledB. will have pulleddown.41. C. will be pullingm I stoppedD. will be pulledtarted dealing with another shop.When I caught hib
40、uying things there and sD. to be cheatingA. cheatingB. cheatC. to cheat42. Most parents encourage their children to take an active part in soci do not interfere with their studies.al events, those events43.A. lestB. unlessC. thoughD. provided for my illness, I would have lent him a helping hand.A. N
41、ot beingB. Had it not beenC. Without beingD. Not having been44. Only one little boy the accident; everyone else was killed.A. survivedB. submittedC. sufferedD. succeed45. I don t know whether what she said is true, but I ll try to it.A. confineB. confessC. conformD. confirm46. Children who are overp
42、rotected by their parents may become .A. hurtB. damagedC. spoiledD. harmed47. The boat , throwing the boys into the water.A. turned onB. turned downC. turned offD. turn over48. The teacher asked a difficult question, but finally Ted a good instead.A. came up toB. came up forD. came up withD. came up
43、 against49. Not long ago, a person whom I know very well was an accident.A. related toB. included inC. involved inD. subject to50. I will give you such information help you in your study.A. as willB. as it willC. that willD. which will第三部分: 阅读理解 ( 本大题共 20 小题, 每小题 1. 5 分, 共 30 分)。Part Reading Compreh
44、ension (30 points, 1. 5points each)Section ADirections: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the
45、Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneOne hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bankissued credit card. They give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services available as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read au tomatically, making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open. For many of us the
限制150内