分词做定语和状语高考题.ppt

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1、分分词词现在分词现在分词:主动主动,进进行行过去分词过去分词:被动被动,完成完成分词做定语分词做定语主动：doing被动：done/being done/to be done1.句式特点：名词+定语2.做题方法：3.析句子结构，判主被动，判动词时间分词做状语分词做状语主动：doing/having done 被动：done/having been done1.句式特点：_,句子2.句子+_3.做题方法：4.析句子结构，判主被动，判动词先后Beingastudent,Beingill,Notknowing,Notrealizingthedanger,hoping/expectingtofindt

2、heboy.,killing200people.Havingdonethework,hewenthome.现在分词常用句式现在分词常用句式Lost/Absorbedinthought,Lost/Absorbedinreadingabook,Comparedwith,Encouraged/Movedbyhiswords,Foundedin2000,Caughtintherain,Facedwithsomanydifficulties,Seatedatthetable,Dressedinwhite,Givenmoretime,Iwillcatchupwithyou.Havingbeentoldma

3、nytimes,hestillmakethesamemistake.过去分词常用句式：过去分词常用句式：分词作定语分词作定语分词作定语分词作定语相当于一个相当于一个定语从句定语从句。单个分词在名词的单个分词在名词的前面前面，分词短语在名词分词短语在名词后面后面.adevelopingcountryadevelopedcountry(发展中的发展中的)（发达的）（发达的）boilingwaterboiledwater（正在沸腾的）正在沸腾的）（已经沸腾过的）（已经沸腾过的）单个分词作前置定语单个分词作前置定语Theswimmingboyismybrother.正在游泳的男孩是我的兄弟。正在游泳的

4、男孩是我的兄弟。Wecanseetherisingsun.我们可以看到冉冉上升的旭日。我们可以看到冉冉上升的旭日。退休工人退休工人退休工人退休工人aaretiredretiredworkerworker逃犯逃犯ananescapedescapedprisonerprisoner被盗的汽车被盗的汽车aastolenstolencarcarpollutedwater受污染的水受污染的水已婚妇女已婚妇女amarriedwomanTheoldman_(stand)thereisourteacher.Thegirl_(sing)forusistenyearsold.Whatsthelanguage_(s

5、peak)inGermany?Thisisoneoftheschools_(build)in1980s.standingsingingspokenbuiltlHaveyoureadthebookswrittenbytheyoungwriter？Haveyoureadthebookswhichwerewrittenbytheyoungwriter?分词作后置定语相当于定语从句分词作后置定语相当于定语从句lDoyouknowthemansittinginthecorner?Doyouknowthemanwhoissittinginthecorner?1.Thisisapicturepaintedb

6、ymyfather.=Thisisapicturewhichwaspaintedbymyfather.2.Doyouknowthemansittinginthecorner?=Doyouknowthemanwhoissittinginthecorner?3.Iknowtheyoungmansleepingonthebench.=Iknowtheyoungmanwhoissleepingonthebench.4.Thelettermailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.=Theletterwhichwasmailedlastnightwillreachhimtom

7、orrow.分词做定语分词做定语主动：doing被动：done/being done/to be done1.句式特点：名词+定语2.做题方法：3.析句子结构，判主被动，判动词时间解题公式：名词解题公式：名词+定语定语主动主动 doing被动被动 done being done to be done _ yesterdayuThe meeting _ now _ tomorrow is of great importance.(hold)held being held to be helduThe people _ the house are my friends.building1.Didy

8、ouattendthemeeting_yesterday?A.tobeheldB.havingbeenheldC.heldD.beingheld2.Doyouknowthenameoftheplay_inthehallnow?A.tobeputonB.beingputonC.putonD.puttingon3.Iborrowedabook_byMarkTwainfromthelibrarylastweek.Ilikeitverymuch.A.writtenB.writingC.waswrittenD.towrite4.Thecomputercentre,_lastyear,isverypopu

9、laramongthestudentsinthisschool.A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened5.TheOlympicGames,_in776B.C.didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayedB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayingD.tobefirstplaying6.Dontusewords,expressions,orphrases_onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobe

10、knownD.known7.Theflowers_sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt高考实战高考实战(2008湖南湖南)Thetrees_inthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.AbeingblowndownB.blowndownC.blowingdownD.toblowdown高考实战高考实战（2009山东）山东）Weareinvitedtoaparty_inourclubnextFriday.A.tob

11、eheldB.heldC.beingheldD.holding高考实战高考实战（2009北京）北京）Forbreakfastheonlydrinksjuicefromfreshfruit_onhisownfarm.A.grownB.beinggrownC.tobegrownD.togrow高考实战高考实战(2009安徽安徽)Theplay_nextmonthaimsmainlytoreflectthelocalculture.AproducedBbeingproducedCtobeproducedDhavingbeenproduced高考实战高考实战(2010四川四川)Agreatnumber

12、ofstudents_saidtheywereforcedtopractisethepiano.A.toquestionB.tobequestionedC.questionedD.questioning高考实战高考实战(2010全国全国)Mrs.Whiteshowedherstudentssomeoldmaps_fromthelibrary.A.toborrowB.tobeborrowedC.borrowedD.borrowing高考实战高考实战(2010陕西陕西)Hisfirstbook_nextmonthisbasedonatruestory.A.publishedB.tobepublis

13、hedC.topublishD.beingpublished高考实战高考实战(2010北京北京)Imcallingtoenquireabouttheposition_inyesterdaysChinaDaily.A.advertisedB.tobeadvertisedC.advertisingD.havingadvertised高考实战高考实战（2010江西）江西）Thegovernmentplanstobringinnewlaws_parentstotakemoreresponsibilityfortheeducationoftheirchildren.A.forcedB.forcingC.

14、tobeforcedD.havingforced高考实战高考实战（2010浙江卷）浙江卷）Thereisagreatdealofevidence_thatmusicactivitiesengagedifferentpartsofthebrain.A.indicateB.indicatingC.toindicateD.tobeindicating高考实战高考实战(2011江苏江苏)Recentlyasurvey_pricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens.AcomparedBco

15、mparingCcomparesDbeingcompared高考实战高考实战【2011福建卷】福建卷】TsinghuaUniversity,_in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.A.foundB.foundingC.foundedD.tobefounded高考实战高考实战【2011湖南卷湖南卷,23】Theplayers_fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame.AselectingBtoselectCselectedDhavingselected(200

16、9全国全国)Nowthatwevediscussedourproblem,arepeoplehappywiththedecisions_？A.takingB.takeC.takenD.totake分词作状语，在意义上相当于分词作状语，在意义上相当于一个状语从句。一个状语从句。分词做状语分词做状语分词做状语分词做状语 分词作状语功能表分词作状语功能表 表示的范围表示的范围 相当的状语从句相当的状语从句1.时间时间2.原因原因3.条件条件4.让步让步5.方式方式/伴随伴随时间状语从句时间状语从句原因状语原因状语从句从句条件状语条件状语从句从句让步状语让步状语从句从句 并列句并列句表示时间表示时间当

17、他听到这一消息，他高兴得手舞足蹈。当他听到这一消息，他高兴得手舞足蹈。When he heard the news,he jumped with joy.Hearing the news,表示时间表示时间当她被问到为什么做这件事时，她开始哭当她被问到为什么做这件事时，她开始哭了。了。When she was asked why she did it,she began to cry.Asked why she did it,表示原因表示原因由于生病，她今天没有去上学。由于生病，她今天没有去上学。Because she was ill,she didnt go to school today.B

18、eing ill,表示原因表示原因因为他被她的话感动了，他决定帮助那因为他被她的话感动了，他决定帮助那个贫穷的男孩。个贫穷的男孩。Because he was moved by her words,he decided to help the poor boy.Moved by her words,表示条件表示条件如果你努力，就可以通过考试。如果你努力，就可以通过考试。If you work hard,you will pass the exam.Working hard,表示条件表示条件如果我被给更多的时间，我会赶上你的。如果我被给更多的时间，我会赶上你的。If I am given mor

19、e time,Ill catch up with you.Given more time,表示伴随表示伴随 表示主语的另一个、较次要的动作。表示主语的另一个、较次要的动作。她坐在书桌旁读报纸。她坐在书桌旁读报纸。She sat at the desk and read a newspaper.She sat at the desk reading a newspaper.表示伴随表示伴随猎人离开了他的房子，后面跟着他的狗。猎人离开了他的房子，后面跟着他的狗。The hunter left his house,and he was followed by his dog.,followed by

20、 his dog.表示让步表示让步尽管他们感觉非常累，他们一直在跑。尽管他们感觉非常累，他们一直在跑。Although they felt very tired，they kept running.Feeling very tired,表示让步表示让步即使我被邀请，我也不会参加这个聚会即使我被邀请，我也不会参加这个聚会的。的。Even if Im invited,I wont take part in the party.Even if invited,*为使状语含义更加明确，有时在过去分为使状语含义更加明确，有时在过去分词前可加上适当连词词前可加上适当连词*Once used,the car

21、 will never be sold again.(once “一旦一旦”)Once it is used,the car will never be sold again.*When heated,water turns into steam.=When water is heated,water turns into steam.Heated,water turns into steamu分词的一般式分词的一般式 Hearingthenews,hebecameexcited.u分词的完成式分词的完成式 Havingfinishedhishomework,hewentouttoplayba

22、sketball.否定式否定式 not+not+现在分词现在分词Not knowing what to do,she went to the teacher for help.她不知道该怎么办，就去请老师帮助。她不知道该怎么办，就去请老师帮助。Not having received any letter from him,I gave him a call.由于还没收到他的信，我给他打了电话。由于还没收到他的信，我给他打了电话。the composition,John handed it to the teacher and went out of the room.A.Writing B.H

23、aving written C.Written D.Being written the office,the foreign visitors were shown round the teaching building.A.Having shown B.Showing C.Has shownD.Having been shown many times,he still couldnt understand.A.Having been toldB.Having told C.He having been told D.Telling._ a reply,he decided to write

24、again.A.Not receiving B.Receiving notC.C.Not having received D.D.Having not received _ around the Water Cube,we were then taken to see the Birds Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.(陕西陕西 2008)A.Having shown B.To be shownC.Having been shownD.To showC _ in 1636,Harvard is one of the most famous universiti

25、es in the United States.A.Being found B.It was founded C.Founded D.Founding.While_for the bus,Mr.Smith read the newspaper.A.to wait B.waited C.waiting D.being waiting._ more attention,the trees could have grown better.A.Given B.To giveB.C.Giving D.Having givenThe student corrected his paper carefull

26、y,_ the professors suggestions.A.follow B.following C.followed D.being followed Deeply,I thanked her again and again.A.being movingB.moved C.moving D.to be moved how to do the homework,I went to ask my teacher for help.A.Not to know B.Not knowing C.Knowing not D.Not known Not knowingNot realizing(08

27、浙江浙江10)thathewasingreatdanger，Ericwalkeddeeperintotheforest.A.NotrealizedB.NottorealizeC.NotrealizingD.NottohaverealizedNot knowingNot realizingWhen first _ to the market,these products enjoyed great success.A.Introducing B.introduced B.C.introduce D.being introducedUnless_tospeak,youshouldremainsil

28、entattheconference.A.invitedB.invitingC.beinginvitedD.havinginvited The flowers his friend gave him will die unless _ every day.(四川四川 2007)A.watered B.wateringC.water D.to water_trueevents,thefilmfollowsthelifeofBraddock，aboxerinNewYork.A.BeingbasedonB.BasingonC.HavingbasedonD.Basedon_bytherisingpri

29、ceofgas,manycarownersusetheircarslessfrequently.A.DrivenB.BeingdrivenC.TodriveD.HavingdrivenWhen_help,oneoftensays“Thankyou.”or“Itskindofyou.”(福建福建2005)A.offeringB.toofferC.tobeoffered D.offeredD_inatrafficjam，studentsofacollegeinIndiaansweredtheirexampapersontheschoolbus.A.HavingcaughtB.BecaughtC.B

30、eingcaughtD.Caught_inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed_inthemountainsforaweek,wewerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.(lose)_inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.（dress）LostDressed_withsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.(四川四川20

31、06)A.FacedB.FaceC.FacingD.Toface_somuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.(选项同上选项同上)AC分词做状语注意要点分词做状语注意要点 判断正误并改正判断正误并改正1.Seen from the top of the hill,we can see Shiyan Town.Seen from the top of the hill,Shiyan Town can be seen clearly.Seeing from the top of the hill,we can see Shiyan Town.()Fi

32、ndinghercarstolen,_.A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelpB.theareawassearchedthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeverywhereD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp 注意逻辑主语注意逻辑主语Whilewatchingtelevision，_.A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellrings 注意逻辑主语注意逻辑主语Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists,

33、_.（2004上海）上海）A.doctorscametotheirrescueB.thetallbuildingcollapsedC.anemergencymeasurewastakenD.warningsweregiventotourists 注意逻辑主语注意逻辑主语InordertoimproveEnglish,_.A.JennysfatherboughtheralotoftapesB.JennyboughtalotoftapesforherselfC.alotoftapeswereboughtbyJennyD.alotoftapeswereboughtbyJennysfather 注意逻

34、辑主语注意逻辑主语Standingonthetopofthebuilding,_.A.thewholecitycanbeseen.B.thewholecitylooksverybeautiful.C.wecanseethewholecity.D.itlookslikealake.注意逻辑主语注意逻辑主语_,Illdothejobfarbetter.A.GivemeanotherchanceB.GivingmeanotherchanceC.GivenanotherchancetomeD.Givenanotherchance 注意逻辑主语注意逻辑主语Returningtotheroom,_.A.t

35、hebookwaslostB.IfoundthebookmissingC.thebookwasmissingD.thebookwasfoundmissing 注意逻辑主语注意逻辑主语1._differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiontothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemainlysimilarities.2._withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.A.ComparedB.ComparingC.TocompareComparingCompared非谓

36、语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语应与主句主非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语应与主句主语保持一致语保持一致._thepast,ourlifeismuchbetter.AComparingwithBBecomparedCTocomparewithDComparedwith3.从上面看从上面看,体育场好像一个鸟巢。体育场好像一个鸟巢。_fromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.A.SeeingB.Seen4.从太空看从太空看,宇航员看不到长城。宇航员看不到长城。_fromthespace,theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall.A.

37、SeeingB.Seen2.Moved deeply by what he said,so he decided to help the poor girl.去掉去掉so()注意有无连词注意有无连词_theroadroundtotherightandyoullfindhishouse.A.FollowB.FollowingC.TofollowD.Followed_theroadroundtotheright,youllfindhishouse.A.FollowB.FollowingC.TofollowD.Followed1._many times,but he still couldnt un

38、derstand it.2._many times,he still couldnt understand it.A.Having been told B.Being told C.He had been told D.Though he was toldCA taste,feel,smell,taste，为感官动词，常用现在，为感官动词，常用现在分词做定语或状语。没有被动语态。分词做定语或状语。没有被动语态。1._delicious,the apples sells well.A.Tasted B.Tasting C.To taste D.Having been tasted2._sweet

39、,the flowers in the botanic garden attracted the visitors to the beauty of nature.A.To smell B.Smelling C.Smelt D.To be smelt高考实战高考实战(08福建福建22)_ in the queue for half an hour，the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.A.WaitingB.To waitC.Having waitedD.To have waited(08重庆重庆29)to

40、 reach them on the phone，we sent an email instead.A.FailB.FailedC.To failD.Having failed(2009辽宁辽宁)Whenwevisitedmyoldfamilyhome,memorycame_back.A.floodingB.tofloodC.floodD.flooded1.(2009江西江西)_ the right kind of training,theseteenagesoccerplayersmayonedaygrowintointernationalstars.A.Giving B.Havinggiv

41、enC.TogiveD.Given2(2009四川四川)_ many times,he finallyunderstoodit.A.ToldB.TellingC.HavingtoldD.Havingbeentold(2009天津天津)_bytheadvancesintechnology,manyfarmershavesetupwindfarmsontheirland.A.Beingencouraged B.EncouragingC.EncouragedD.Havingencouraged(2009福建福建)InApril,2009,PresidentHuinspectedthewarships

42、inQingdao,_the60thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePLANavy.A.markingB.markedC.havingmarkedD.beingmarked(2009福建福建)_nottomisstheflightat15：20,themanagersetoutfortheairportinahurry.A.RemindingB.RemindedC.ToremindD.Havingreminded(2009重庆重庆)Michaelsnewhouseislikeahugepalace,_withhisoldone.A.comparingB.compare

43、sC.tocompareD.compared(2009湖南湖南)Attheageof29,Davewasaworker,_inasmallapartmentnearBostonand_whattodoabouthisfuture.A.living;wonderingB.lived;wonderingC.lived;wonderedD.living;wondered(2009北京北京)_twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.A.BeingbittenB.BittenC.HavingbittenD.Tobeb

44、itten(2009龙岩毕业班质检龙岩毕业班质检)RealizingIwouldbelate,Iquicklydressedmysonand,_mybag,wenttowork.A.carriedB.havingcarriedC.tocarryD.carrying(2009金丽衢十二校联考金丽衢十二校联考)_byhisgrandparentsinthecountryside,heisntaccustomedto_inthecity.A.Havingbroughtup;liveB.Grownup;livingC.Growingup;liveD.Broughtup;living2011江西卷江西卷

45、Onreceivingaphonecallfromhiswife_shehadafall,Mr.Gordonimmediatelyrushedhomefromoffice.AsaysBsaidCsaying Dtosay2011全国卷全国卷Sarahpretendedtobecheerful,_nothingabouttheargument.AsaysBsaidCtosayDsaying(2011天津天津)_intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.A.TranslatingB.TranslatedC.T

46、otranslateD.Havingtranslated(2011上海上海)_in1955,DisneylandinCaliforniaisregardedbymanyastheoriginalfunpark.A.OpenedB.HavingopenedC.OpeningD.Beingopened(2011四川四川)_animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasachancetobecomefamous.AOfferBOfferingCOfferedDTooffer（10福建福建25）Lotsofrescueworkerswereworkingaroundthecloc

47、k,_suppliestoYushu,QinghaiProvinceaftertheearthquake.A.sendingB.tosendC.havingsentD.tohavesent（10上海上海35）_thecitycenter,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.A.ApproachingB.ApproachedC.ToapproachD.Tobeapproached（10北京北京21)_atmyclassmatesfaces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.A.LookingB.LookC.Toloo

48、kD.Looked（10湖南湖南26）Dina,_formonthstofindajobasawaitress,finallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.A.strugglingB.struggledC.havingstruggledD.tostruggle(2009重庆重庆)Withtheworldchangingfast,wehavesomethingnew_withallbyourselveseveryday.A.dealB.dealtC.todealD.dealing不定式不定式.(07全国全国25)Thelastone_paysthe

49、meal.Agreed!A.arrivedB.arrivesC.toarriveD.arriving不定式不定式(2011湖南湖南)Theability_anideaisasimportantastheideaitself.A.expressingB.expressedC.toexpressD.tobeexpressed不定式不定式(2009辽宁辽宁)_，youneedtogiveallyouhaveandtryyourbest.A.BeingawinnerB.TobeawinnerC.BeawinnerD.Havingbeenawinner不定式不定式(2009天津天津)_theprojec

50、tintime,thestaffwereworkingatweekends.A.CompletingB.HavingcompletedC.TohavecompletedD.Tocomplete不定式不定式(2009全国全国)Thechildrenallturned_thefamousactressassheenteredtheclassroom.A.lookedatB.tolookatC.tolookingatD.lookat不定式不定式(2009南京调研南京调研)_theworkingefficiency,thebossallowstheemployeestohaveacoffeebreak