上海牛津8BUnit1ReadingB.ppt

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1、Guessing game:Who are they?Guessing game:Who are they?Picture1Picture2Picture3Albert Einstein Isaac NewtonBenjamin Franklin Reading BHow much do you know about Benjamin Franklin?本杰明本杰明富兰克林富兰克林本杰明富兰克林是美国历史上第一位享有国际声誉的科学家发明家和音乐家。为了对电进行探索曾经作过著名的“费城风筝实验”，在电学上成就显著，为了深入探讨电运动的规律，创造的许多专用名词如正电、负电、导电体、电池、充电、放电

2、等成为世界通用的词汇。他借用了数学上正负的概念，第一个科学地用正电、负电概念表示电荷性质。并提出了电荷不能创生、也不能消灭的思想，后人在此基础上发现了电荷守恒定律。他最先提出了避雷针的设想，由此而制造的避雷针，避免了雷击灾难，破除了人们对雷电的迷信。他还是物理学史上一个重要的人物 他是一位优秀的政治家，是美国独立战争的老战士。他参加起草了独立宣言和美国宪法，积极主张废除奴隶制度，深受美国人民的崇敬。他是美国第一位驻外大使(法国),所以在世界上也享有较高的声誉。他对科学的贡献不仅在静电学方面，他研究范围极广。在数学上，他创造了8次和16次幻方，这两个幻方性质特殊，变化复杂，至今仍为学者称道。热学

3、方面，他改良了取暖的炉子，能够节省四分之三的燃料。光学方面，他发明了老年人用的双焦距眼镜，即能看清楚近处又能看清楚远处的事物。他先后掌握了法文，意大利文，西班牙文及拉丁文。他是美国第一位学者，第一位哲学家，第一位驻外大使。他发明了摇椅，路灯，避雷针。发现了墨西哥湾的海流。四次当选宾夕法尼亚州州长。制定了新闻传播法。最先绘制暴风雨推移图。发现人们呼出气体的有害性。最先解释清楚北极光。被称为近代牙科医术之父。最先组织了消防厅。创立了近代的邮信制度。创立了议员的近代选举法。发现了感冒的原因。发明了颗粒肥料。设计出夏天穿的白色亚麻服装，设计了最早的游泳眼镜和蛙蹼。此外，他对气象、地质、声学及海洋航行等

4、方面都有研究，并取得了不少成就。The lightning conductor (避雷针避雷针)pavementbifocals远近视两用眼镜远近视两用眼镜Pre-reading Before you read the article,try this quiz.1 Benjamin Franklin was a great _.a scientist b detective c writer2 He was _.a American b English c Australian 3 Which of the following things did he invent?a Electrici

5、ty.b The telephone.c The lightning conductor.1 Benjamin Franklin was not a very talented man.2 He liked to improve the way things worked.3 He began his experiments on electricity over two centuries ago.4 The lightning conductor has nothing to do with electricity.FTTFWhile-reading Read the article ab

6、out Benjamin Franklin and decide whether the statements below are T(True)or F(False).5 He could not see very well without his glasses.6 People still use bifocals today.7 He travelled across the Pacific Ocean eight times during his lifetime.8 Benjamin was interested in the public services of his city

7、.TTFTMain ideas of each paragraphBenjamin did some experiments on electricity.Benjamin Franklin has many talents and interests.Benjamin made developments in ships and public services.Benjamin invented bifocals.1.be curious about2.search for3.lead to4.protectfrom5.be tired of(doing sth)6.be known as7

8、.set up使发生；导致使发生；导致保护保护以免以免建立建立对对感到好奇感到好奇找寻；思索（答案）找寻；思索（答案）厌倦；厌烦（做某事）厌倦；厌烦（做某事）被看作是；被认为是被看作是；被认为是1.He was naturally curious about how things worked and was always searching for ways to improve them.(P4)他很自然就对事物如何运作感到好奇，并且他总是搜寻方法去改进它们。解析：(1)be curious about“对感到好奇”。例如：She is curious about where they w

9、ill go.她好奇他们将去哪里。Language points(2)be always doing sth.“总是（老是）做”。注意这个句子不表示动作正在进行，而有责备、讨厌、赞扬等含义。例如：Jim is always talking in class.吉姆老是在堂上讲话。（表不满）You are always studying hard.你总是努力学习。（表赞扬）2.It protects buildings and ships from damage caused by lightning.(P4)它保护建筑物和船只避免遭受雷电带来的伤害。解析：protect from sth/doi

10、ng sth.意为“防止遭受，使免于”。例如：You should protect your children from catching cold.你应该防备你的孩子们受凉。These experiments led to a number of very important findings.(P4)这些实验引出了许多重要的研究结果。a number of表示“大量，许多”的意思，相当于a lot of，其后面常接可数名词的复数形式。A number of students are interested in playing QQ games.许多学生对玩QQ很有兴趣。区别：the num

11、ber of 表示“的数量”，谓语动词是单数形式。而a number of所在的句子谓语动词用复数形式。例如：The number of the students in our class is forty-six.我们班的学生人数是46。A number of students are interested in playing football.许多学生对踢足球很有兴趣。These glasses let him see both near and far things at the same time.(P4)这些眼镜能让他同时看远景和近景。at the same time表示“同时”的

12、意思。关于time的词组还有：at a time“每次，逐次”；all the time“一直”；at times“有时，间或”；at one time“一度，以前，曾经”；at that time“在那个时候”。1.富兰克林被看作是一位伟大的发明家。富兰克林被看作是一位伟大的发明家。Franklin _ a great _.2.小爱迪生对任何东西都感到好奇。小爱迪生对任何东西都感到好奇。Little Edison _ everything.3.科学家正在找寻不同的方法。科学家正在找寻不同的方法。Scientists _ different ways.4.怀特先生建立了一间保险公司。怀特先生建

13、立了一间保险公司。Mr White _ an insurance company.was curious aboutare searching forwas known asinventorset up5.他厌倦了每天在农场干活。他厌倦了每天在农场干活。He _ on a farm everyday.6.他的粗心导致了那场交通事故。他的粗心导致了那场交通事故。His careless _ the traffic accident.7.避雷针保护楼房不受闪电的攻击。避雷针保护楼房不受闪电的攻击。The lightning conductors _ buildings _ damage caused by lightning.led toprotectfromwas tired of working