高考时态语态.ppt

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1、动名词动名词Module 5,Unit 1 Grammar时时 态态 和和 语语 态态 类类 别别 及及 物物动动 词词不及物动词不及物动词不及物动词不及物动词形式形式主主 动动被被 动动主主 动动一般式一般式 doing being done doing 完成式完成式 having donehaving been donehaving done作主语：动名词作主语：动名词1.During summer holidays,doing housework is my full-time job.2.Explaining the grammatical rules clearly is not e

2、asy.3.Its no use offering him help.He doesnt help himself.作表语作表语nAs the head-coach,his job is training his team to be the best one in Asia.nThe top students aim is entering Tsinghua University for further education.作作定语：动名词定语：动名词1.Waiting room;2.Sleeping pills;2.3.Watering can;4.Operating room;3.5.F

3、ishing rod;6.Drinking water4.7.Cooking oil;8.Walking stick;5.9.Hunting ground 10.Swimming pool;6.11.Dressing table 12.Frying pan作作宾语：动名词宾语：动名词1.Some people always imagine buying a lucky lottery ticket.2.She was in low spirits and even considered committing suicide.3.The students are looking forward

4、to meeting their classmates on the first day of the new term.动名词的时态和语态：动名词的时态和语态：1.Imagine having travelled around the world.2.They regret not having been able to inform you of the fact.3.I remember telling you the story./I remember having told you the story.动名词的时态和语态：动名词的时态和语态：4.Respecting others m

5、eans being respected.5.He doesnt like being flattered.6.She cant stand being teased with her figure.只接动名词作宾语的常见动词只接动名词作宾语的常见动词有十六个有十六个：resist、mind、suggest、delay、keep on、look forward to、enjoy、avoid、imagine、practise、finish、succeed in、consider、risk,cant stand,regret,cant help、miss。PracticeAfter the Wor

6、ld Cup Final,Zidane admitted _.make a silly mistake PracticeAnd he regretted _ the Italian player down to thefield.knock sb.down 撞倒某人撞倒某人PracticeBut he just couldnt stand_.swear at sb.咒骂某人咒骂某人PracticeAs a result,hecouldnt avoid _.fine sb.out 把某人罚出场外把某人罚出场外PracticeLuckily for Italian team,they succee

7、ded in _(beat)French team in PK.At that moment the Italian men went crazy and they couldnt imagine_(get)the FIFA World CupTrophy back after 24 years.不定式不定式不不 定定 式式 的的 作作 用用不定式的不定式的时态和语态时态和语态不不定定式式近几年高考主要考查了近几年高考主要考查了不定式做宾语和表语。不定式做宾语和表语。此外此外还考了不定式的还考了不定式的时态和语态以及否定形式。时态和语态以及否定形式。作主语作主语1.1.To talk to h

8、er is to talk to a wall.To talk to her is to talk to a wall.2.2.To know everything is to know nothing.To know everything is to know nothing.3.3.Never to have made any mistakes is Never to have made any mistakes is impossible.impossible.如果作主语的不定式是固定说法，或表示较强如果作主语的不定式是固定说法，或表示较强烈的对比，或某些具体情况等，通常不用动名烈的对比

9、，或某些具体情况等，通常不用动名词替代。词替代。1.To finish this job in one day is impossible.2.To love nature is to love mankind itself.3.To err is human.作表语作表语1.To live is to do something worth while.2.The book is nowhere to be found.3.Who is to blame for the confusion in the room?4.The purpose of education is to develop

10、 a fine personality in children.作宾语作宾语1.The pop star refused to be photographed at the entrance of a KFC.2.I cant afford to take a break for a coffee,for I have so much work to do.3.The police agreed to look into the matter further before making it known to the public.常跟不定式作宾语的动词：常跟不定式作宾语的动词：agree,o

11、ffer,decide,manage,plan,mean,tend,seek,fail,refuse,hope,demand,learn,pretend 作宾语补足语作宾语补足语1.She asked me to answer the phone in her absence.2.I dont want there to be another mistake.3.What caused her to give up her studies?常跟不定式作宾语补足语的动词：常跟不定式作宾语补足语的动词：ask,tell,invite,force,cause,get,prefer,want,expe

12、ct,encourage,advise,persuade,remind,warn,permit,allow,urge,forbid,inform,wish,require,enable,作定语作定语1.She is narrow-minded and can find no one to make friends with.2.Are you going to the conference to be held next week?3.Its time that you made a decision and there is not a moment to lose.作状语作状语1.To b

13、uy train tickets to Tibet,many people are standing in long queues.(目的目的)2.The hero hurried to the airport only to find the heroin had already left by plane.（结果）结果）3.We shall be very happy to co-operate with you in the project.（原因）原因）作状语作状语4.To tell the truth,I have no interest in Supergirl.（说话人态度）说话

14、人态度）5.To be successful,one must do ones best.（条件）条件）不定式的时态意义：不定式的时态意义：1.Yao Ming pretended to shoot,but actually he passed the ball to his team-mate.2.a.He is said to write a novel in his Blog.b.He is said to be writing a novel in his Blog.c.He is said to have written a novel in his Blog.不定式的语态：不定式的

15、语态：1.a.He has a child to look after.(by himself)b.He has a child to be looked after.(by himself or others)2.a.She has no more letters to type.(by herself)b.She has no more letters to be typed.(by herself or others)解析解析例例2 NMET 1999 第第21题题The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,_ it mo

16、re difficult.A.not make B.not to make C.not making D.do not make.B不定式不定式不定式的作用不定式的作用1因为主语是因为主语是the purpose，在（在（purpose,wish,promise,plan）后常跟不定式，故表语要用后常跟不定式，故表语要用不定式，不定式，to不能省略，因此构成不能省略，因此构成the purpose is tonot todo 句型，故选句型，故选B。不定式的不定式的时态和语态时态和语态2例例3 NMET 1997第第12题题I would love _ to the party last ni

17、ght but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.A.to go B.having gone C.going D.to have goneD不定式不定式解析 该题考查动词不定式做宾语的该题考查动词不定式做宾语的 用法。用法。would love(like)to 是固定搭配，因此是固定搭配，因此B、C、不合题不合题意。意。Would love+不定式一般式，表示不定式一般式，表示“想，想，希望希望”，而接不定式完成式则表示，而接不定式完成式则表示“原本希望原本希望而未曾实现而未曾实现”的意思。的意思。例例4 NMET 2002 第第14题题

18、 Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple,but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it.(2002)A.to see B.to be seen C.seeing D.seen 例如：例如：It was the first such project to be designed by Chinese engineers.The question to be discussed at the next meeting will be rather difficult.解析B 不定式

19、的语态取决于它和主语以及被它修饰的词的逻辑关不定式的语态取决于它和主语以及被它修饰的词的逻辑关系系,被动关系用被动被动关系用被动.不定式不定式不定式的不定式的否定形式否定形式3例例5 NMET 1996年年 The patient was warned _ oily food after the operationThe patient was warned _ oily food after the operation.A.to eat not B.eating not C.not to eat D.not eatA.to eat not B.eating not C.not to eat

20、D.not eatC解析 该题考查不定式的否定式作主补。要注意该题考查不定式的否定式作主补。要注意warn后跟词方式，后跟词方式，warn sb.not to do sth.warn sb.against doing sth.该题应该用该题应该用结结构另外，构另外，not 应放在应放在to之前。之前。在大多数的动词可接不定式短语做宾补，只在大多数的动词可接不定式短语做宾补，只有少数动词（五个看有少数动词（五个看see,watch,notice,observe,look at；三使役三使役make,let,have;二听二听listen to,hear等）须接不带等）须接不带to 的不定式做宾补。的不定式做宾补。