中考一轮复习语法专项23102.pdf

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1、word 专业资料-可复制编辑-欢迎下载 中考一轮复习语法专项（1）一 名词的数 1、可数名词与不可数名词 A、不可数名词，初中阶段常见的不可数名词有：water;meat;rice;bread;milk;tea;orange(桔汁);fruit;air;snow;chalk;work;paper(纸);time(时间);music;weather;grass;news;food;fish(鱼肉);coke;porridge;cake(可数或不可数).不可数名词应注意以下几点：1)前无数、冠，后无复数；作主语为三单。2)表量用约数 some/any;much;a lot of 或用 of 短语

2、。eg.There is _ bread on the table.A.a B.one C.a piece of D.many There is some_ on the plate.A.apple B.fish C.milks D.deer 2、可数名词的复数：分为不规则变化和规则变化，要注意以下几点：potatopotatoes;tomatotomatoes 单复同形:fish;sheep;deer;Chinese;Japanese 由 man,woman 在词首构成的复合名词应将两部分都变成复数，如：man doctor men doctors people,police 常用单数形式表

3、示复数概念 The police are looking for the missing boy.“某国人”的复数：中日不变英法变，其余 s 加后面.eg.GermanGermans 一、写出下列词的复数 1.book_ 2.bus _ 3.orange _ 4.baby_ 5.boy_ 6.my _ 7.his_ 8.knife_ 9.watch_ 10.sheep _ 11.tooth _ 12.leaf _ 13.German_ 14.Chinese_ 二、选择正确的答案()1.Are those _?-No,they arent.Theyre _.A.sheep;cows B.shee

4、p;cow C.sheeps;cow D.sheeps;cows()2.Mum,Im quite thirsty.Please give me _.A.two orange B.two bottles of orange C.two bottles orange D.two bottles of oranges()3.I have got _ news from my friend.Do you want to know?A.a very good B.any C.a piece of D.two pieces()4._ room is on the 5th floor.A.Lucy and

5、Lily B.Lucy and Lilys C.Lucys and Lily D.Lucys and Lilys()5.Every morning Mr.Smith takes a _ to his office.A.20 minutes walk B.20 minutes walk C.20-minutes walk D.20-minute walk()6.This is James Allan Green.We can call him _.A.Mr.Green B.Mr.Allan C.Mr.James D.James Green()7.Jack and Tom are _.A.good

6、 friends B.good friend C.a good friend D.good a friend()8.Its only about ten _ walk to the nearest post office.A.minutes B.minutes C.minutes D.minute()9.He often has _ for breakfast.A.two breads B.two piece of breads C.two pieces of bread D.two pieces of breads()10.Mrs.Green has two _.Theyre very br

7、ight.A.childs B.child C.childrens D.children()11.What did the headmaster say about Jims _.A.two months holiday B.two months holiday C.two-month holiday D.two months holidays word 专业资料-可复制编辑-欢迎下载()12.I wont go there with you,for I have a lot of _ to do.A.works B.job C.work D.working()13.Li Lei is a f

8、riend of _.A.I sister B.my sisters C.me sister D.my sister of()14.Have you read _?A.todays B.today paper C.the todays paper D.todays paper()15.How many _ are there in the room?A.boxes B.box C.boxs D.boxxes()16.Many _ have been built in our city since 1987.A.factorys B.factories C.factoryes D.factory

9、s()17.There are lots of _ in the basket on the table.A.tomatos B.tomato C.tomatoes D.tomatoss()18.The cat caught two _ last night.A.mouses B.mice C.mouse D.mices()19.Jack went to have two _ pulled out yesterday afternoon.A.tooths B.tooth C.teeth D.toothes()20.In our school there are fifty-five _.A.w

10、omen teachers B.woman teachers C.women teacher D.womans teacher()21.The three _ will be put into prison.A.thiefs B.thief C.thieves D.thiefs 二 冠词 1、定冠词 the 1)特指某人/某物 The book on the desk is mine.2)世上独一无二的事物前 the sun,the moon,the earth,the sky 3)形、副最高级及序数词前 The third boy is the tallest of all.(但当这些词前已

11、有其他限定词，如物主代词、所有格、指示代词时，则不能再用 the)He is my first English teacher.4)the+姓的复数表示“某家人”或“某夫妇”。the Greens 格林一家/格林夫妇 3、不用冠词的几种情况：1)在星期、月份、季节前不用冠词 2)学科名词前 3)球类运动及早、中、晚三餐名词前（但：当三餐名词前有修饰词时，则要加适当的冠词.表乐曲演奏的名词前应加 the）()1.There is _“s”in _ word“bus”.A.a;a B.an;the C.a;the D.an;a()2.Maths is _ useful subject.You ca

12、nt drop it,I think.A.an B.a C.the D./()3._ bad weather it is!A.How B.What a C.How a D.What()4.What color is _ orange?-Its _ orange.A.an;an B.an;the C.an;/D./;an()5.Mr.Li is _ old worker.A.an B.a C.some D./()6.Look at _ picture!Theres _ house in it.A.a;a B.the;the C.a;the D.the;a ()7.One morning he f

13、ound _ handbag.There was _“s”on the corner of _ handbag.A.a;an;the B.a;a;the C.a;a;a D.the;an;a()8.What _ interesting story it is!A.a B.an C.the D./()9.Meimei is _ best student in her class.A.a B.an C./D.the()10.Tom is _ kind boy.All _ students love him.A.a;/B.a;the C.an;/D.an;the word 专业资料-可复制编辑-欢迎

14、下载()11.Is _ book on the desk mine?Yes.A.the B.a C.an D./()12.Even while he was in _ hospital,he went on writing songs.A.a B.an C.the D./()13.Dont read _.A.in bed B.in the bed C.on bed D.on the bed()14.Smith is _ honest man.A.a B.the C.an D./()15.China has _ population of 1,200,000,000.A./B.an C.the

15、D.a ()16.Whats _ for“椅.子”?A.English B.an English C.the English D.any English()17.Mary is _ cleverer of the two girls.A.the B.a C.an D.much()18._ young must look after _ old.A.The;a B.The;the C.A;a D.A;the()19._ earth is one of _ planets.A.The;suns B.The;the sun C.The;the suns D.The;the suns()20.Toky

16、o is _.A.the capital of Japan B.capital of Japan C.Japan capital D.a capital of Japan()21.Kate sometimes plays _ violin(小提琴)and sometimes plays _ table tennis before supper.A./;the B.the;/C.the;the D./;/()22.Have you seen _ pencil?I left it here this morning.-Is it _ red one?I saw it.A.a;the B.the;t

17、he C.the;a D.a;a ()23.There is_ orange tree behind_ house.A.an;the B.a;a C.the;the D.an;/()24.How long did you stay there?-About half _ hour.A./B.one C.a D.an 三 代词（一）指示代词：this,that,these,those.this,that 一般与可数名词的单数连用，而不与不可数名词连用（但 that 可单独指代不可数名词）。that apple()that meat()填空：The weather in Sichuan is no

18、t so hot as _ in Guangzhou.(二)人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 1）人称代词：主格、宾格（作主语为主格，作宾语为宾格;介+宾格）2）物主代词：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。一变(mymine)；二留(hishis itsits)；三加 s(youryours;ourours;herhers;theirtheirs)填空：This is _（我的）book.This book is _（我的）.my;mine 3）反身代词：某某自己；亲自 1.enjoy oneself 玩得高兴；过得愉快 2.hurt oneself 伤着自己 3.teach oneself=le

19、arn by oneself 自学 4.(all)by oneself（完全）独立地 5.help oneself to 请自便；随便吃 6.look after oneself 自理；照顾自己 7.leave one by oneself 把单独留下 8.lose oneself in 陶醉于；沉浸于（三）不定代词 1)some 与 any 一般情况下，some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句、疑问句（但表邀请、建议的问句中可用 some此类句型常以 could,would 开头）2)many+可数 =a lot of:许多 word 专业资料-可复制编辑-欢迎下载 much+不可数 （但

20、a lot of 不能用于否定句）3)few,a few;little,a little.The story is easy to read.There are _new words in it.Hurry up!There is_ time left.4)everyone/anyone 不加 of no one 不加 of none of()_ of us wants to read the book.A.Everyone B.Every one C.Nobody D.No one 5）other,another,others 单数 复数 泛指 another 三者以上的另一个 定语 主语、

21、宾语 other someothers 特指 onethe other 一个另一个 the others=the other+复名(另外的人或物).We study _ subjects besides Chinese.May I have _ apple?.These cups are clean._ are dirty.I have two pens.One is red,_ is blue.另外注意：one another (三者以上的)相互 each other (两者的)相互 We should learn from each other(说明 we 指两个人)They help o

22、ne another(说明 they 指三个人以上)6)二者与三者 复数 单数 单数 二者 both(都)neither(都不)either(任何一个)三者 all(都)none(都不)any(任何一个).both 否定 neither all 否定 none.both,all 不但作主语为复数，且被修饰的词也为复数；neither,none 作主语为单数，但 none of+复名，neither of+复名()1._ of my parents is a teacher.A.None B.Neither C.Both D.All()2.There are many trees on _ si

23、de of the river.A.both B.any C.either D.all every one/any one of 7)each:(二者以上的)每个作主、宾、定）every:(三者以上的)每个只作定语）._ student in the class likes English._ of the students studied hard.()1._office is much smaller than _.A.Ours;yours B.Our;yoursC.Theirs;our()2.“Help_ to some meat.”my uncle said to me.表否定 表肯定

24、 可数 few(几乎没有)a few(几个；一些)不可数 little(几乎没有)a little(一点儿少许)word 专业资料-可复制编辑-欢迎下载 A.themselves B.yourself C.yourselves()3.There are twenty teachers in our school.Eight of them are men teachers and _ are women teachers.A.others B.the others C.another()4.There isnt _ paper in the box.Will you go and get _

25、for me?A.any;some B.any;any C.some;any()5.There are many trees on _ sides of the street.A.both B.all C.each()6._ of them has a dictionary and _ one of them can look up words in it.A.Each;every B.Every;each C.Every;every()7.“When shall we meet,this afternoon or tonight?”“I dont mind._ time is OK.A.Ei

26、ther B.Every C.Neither()8.Would you like _ cup of tea?A.other B.the other C.another()9.The two friends were so pleased to see each other that they forgot _.A.other everything B.anything else C.everything else.()10._ of his parents is a teacher.A.Both B.Neither C.None()11.The river is very dirty._ pe

27、ople go to swim in it.A.Few B.A few C.Little()12.A friend of _ came to see _ yesterday.A.his;his B.he;him C.his;him()13.You cant leave your baby by _ at home.A.herself B.himself C.itself()14.My father is very busy with his work.He has _ time to have a rest.A.little B.a little C.few()15.I have three

28、skirts.One is red._ two are black.A.another B.the other C.the others()16.Jack has _ friends here.So he often feels lonely.A.a little B.a few C.few()17.Who teaches _ French?A.we B.our C.us()18.The boys were all tired,but _ of them stopped to have a rest.A.any B.some C.none ()19.Sorry,I cant answer yo

29、ur question.I know _ about the news.A.a little B.little C.few()20.Hello,Bill!Help _ to a cake.Thanks.A.your B.yourself C.yourselves 四 数词 数词分为基数词和序数词。用于表示事物数目的词称为基数词，表示事物顺序的词称为序数词。1.基数词(1000 以内的基数词的读法)365three hundred and sixty-five 505five hundred and five 2.基数词变序数词的方法：基变序，有规律；词尾要加 th。一二三，特殊记；词尾分别 t

30、dd。八去 t，九去 e；ve 则以 f 替。ty 则变作 ti ;后面还有一个 e。要是遇到几十几；只将个位变成序。eg.onefirst twosecond threethird eighteighth nineninth twelvetwelfth word 专业资料-可复制编辑-欢迎下载 twentytwentieth twenty-one-twenty-first 3.数词的应用：A、时刻表达法：整点：基数词+oclock eg.Its eight oclock now.几点几分：1直接表达法：先小时后分 eg.3:25 three twenty-five 2.间接表达法：先分后小时

31、 1)(30 分钟)用 to：(60-分钟数)to(小时数+1)eg.3:35 twenty-five(minutes)to four 3)30 分钟=half 15 分钟=a quarter eg.3:30 three thirty=half past three 3:15 three fifteen=a quarter past three.3:45 three forty-five=a quarter to four B、日期表达法：月日，年（或日月年）1949 年 10 月 1 日:October1st,nineteen forty-nine=the first of October,

32、nineteen forty-nine 2000 年:the year two thousand =twenty hundred 2001 年:twenty o one 3 月 1 日:March the first=the first of March C、表编号：第 207 房间：Room 20 第五课：Lesson 5=the fifth lesson D、序数词与不定冠词(a;an)连用表“又一；再一”eg.Youve done it three times.Why not try a fourth time?E、分数的表达：分子（基数）、分母（序数）eg.one third 三分之一

33、 two thirds 三分之二 注意：1.分子超过 1 时，分母加 s 2.含分数的短语作主语由分数后的词决定谓语 eg.1)One third of the students are girls.2)One third of the milk is mine.3.分数的特殊形式 1)one third=a third 2)one fourth=a quarter three fourths=three quarters 3)one second=a half F、一些数词的复数+of 表约数：hundreds of;thousands of;millions of ()1.If you g

34、o out at night,youll be able to see _ starts.A.thousands of B.thousand of C.nine thousands of D.thousands()2.Monday is _ day of the week.A.first B.the first C.the second D.second()3.Youve done it twice.Why not try _ time?A.third B.the third C.a third D.once()4.Which is the_ month?Its September.A.nin

35、e B.nineth C.ninth D.ninety()5.December is _ of the year.A.the twelfth months B.the twelfth month C.the twelveth months D.twelve months()6.There are _ floors in the building and he lives on the _ floor.A.eighteen,fifteen B.eighteenth,fifteenth C.eighteen,fiveteen D.eighteen,fifteenth()7.I was born _

36、,1982.A.on June 2rd B.in June 2nd C.on June two D.on June 2()8.Its _ from our home to the zoo.A.two and a half hours walk B.a half and two hours walk C.two hours and a half hours walk D.two and a half hours walk()9.What time is it now?Its _ to six.A.quarter B.a quarter C.quarto C.a quarto()10.Will y

37、ou be back in _?A.one or two minutes B.one minute or twoC.two minutes or one D.two or one minute()11.Marys uncle went to France _.A.in his thirties B.on his thirties C.at his thirties D.about his thirties()12.The headmaster wrote a _ report.word 专业资料-可复制编辑-欢迎下载 A.two thousand words B.two-thousand-wo

38、rds C.two-thousand words D.two-thousand-word()13._of the apples in the fruit bowl are soft and sweet.A.Two-third B.Second-third C.Two-thirds D.Second-thirds 中考一轮复习语法专项（2）五、介词 1.in;on;at 用在时间词前，表“在”1)at+具体时刻 2)on+具体某天（具体某天的上、下午等；星期词；以及上、下午词前有修饰词时）3)in+年、月、季节及一天中的某部分 但注意：at night=in the night at noon

39、at this/that time at Christmas eg.1._ the morning 2._ Monday morning 3._ a rainy evening 4._3:50 5._ 2002 6._ the morning of April 10 7._ spring 8._ night 9._ this time 10._ March 另外注意：在时间词（morning,afternoon,evening;Sunday）前有 last,next,this,that 时，不再用介词.tomorrow,tonight 前也不用介词。eg.I will go(A)to the

40、cinema(B)in(C)this evening._ 2.in,on,at 表地点：at 一般指小地方；in 一般指大地方或某个范围之内；on 往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。例如：eg.1)He arrived _Shanghai yesterday.2)They arrived _a small village before dark.3)There is a big hole _ the wall.4)The teacher put up a picture _ the wall.3.in,on,to 表方位 in(范围内)；on(范围外且接壤)；to(范围外但不接壤)。可表示为下图的

41、位置关系 eg.1)Taiwan is in the southeast of China.2)Hubei is on the north of Hunan.3)Japan is to the east of China.cross:动词“跨过，越过”=go across 4.across:（表面）跨过 through:（内部）穿过，贯穿 介词 eg.1)Can you swim _ the river?2)The road runs _ the forest.3)_ the bridge,youll find a cinema.5.in+时间段：与将来时连用 after+时间段：与过去时连用

42、 但 after+时间点：可与将来时连用。1)Ill leave _ three oclock.That is,Ill leave _ about ten minutes.2)They left _ two weeks.6.in the tree(外加在树上的事物)on the tree(树上自身具有的花、果、叶等)in the wall(镶嵌在墙内部的事物)word 专业资料-可复制编辑-欢迎下载 7.on the wall(墙表面的事物)1)There is a map _ the wall 2)There are four windows _ the wall.8.by bike/bus

43、/car/ship(单数且无冠词)但当这些交通工具名词前有其它修饰词时，则应使用相应的介词。eg.by bike=on a(the;his)bike by car=in a(the;her)car on:在（表面）上接触 9.over:在的正上方 above:在的斜上方 未接触 1)The moon rose _ the hill.2)There is a bridge _ the river.3)There is a book _ the desk.10.between:在（两者）之间 among:在（三者以上）之间 1)A big crowd of people were waiting

44、for Li Lida on the beach._ them were his parents.2)Tom sits _Lucy and Lily.11.on 与 about:关于 on 用于较正式的演讲、学术、书籍等 about 用于非正式的谈话或随便提及 eg.He gave a talk _ the history of the Party 12.in front of:在前面/方（范围外）=before in/at the front of:在前部（范围内）1)There is a big tree _ of the classroom.2)A driver drives _ of

45、the bus.类似区别：at the back of 与 behind 13.with 和 in:表示“用“with:指“用工具、手、口等”in:指“用语言、话语、声音等”1)Please write the letter _ a pen.2)Please speak _ a loud voice.14.on a farm;in a factory;the girl in the hat;leave for:动身前往某地 15.一些固定搭配：（1）介词与动词的搭配 listen to,laugh at,get to,look for;wait for,hear from,turn on,tu

46、rn off,worry about,think of,look after,spendon,等。（2）介词与名词的搭配 on time,in time,by bus,on foot,with pleasure,on ones way to,in trouble,at breakfast,at the end of,in the end 等。（3）介词与形容词的搭配 be late for,be afraid of,be good at,be interested in,be angry with,be full of,be sorry for 等。六、连词:从属连词和并列连词（一）从属连词：

47、用于连接各种从句的连词（二）并列连词：并列连词用来连接具有并列关系的词，短语或句子。常见的并列连词有：1.表并列关系的 and,bothand,not onlybut also,neithernor 等。2.表选择关系的 or,eitheror 等。3.表转折关系的 but,while（然而）等。4.表因果关系的 for,so 等。word 专业资料-可复制编辑-欢迎下载 5.and:“和”在肯定句中表并列 or:“和”在否定句中表并列 另外：1)or “或者”用于选择疑问句 2)or“否则”eg.Which do you like better,tea or milk?.Hurry up,o

48、r youll be late for school.6.but“但是”表转折 eg.I listened,but I heard nothing.注意：1)though(虽然),but(但是)不能连用 2)not but 不是而是 eg.This book isnt mine but yours.both and:既又（连接主语为复数）neithernor:既不也不 连接两主 7.eitheror:或者或者 语后者决 not only but also:不但而且 定单、复 eg.1)Both he and I are students.2)Neither he nor I am a stud

49、ent.练 习()1._ the afternoon of May,we visited the old man.A.On B.At C.In()2.Many people work _ the day and sleep _ night.A.on;at B.in;in C.in;at()3.He speaks Japanese best _ the boy students.A.between B.with C.among()4.A wolf _ a sheep skin is our dangerous enemy.A.with B.in C.on()5.Joan hopes to com

50、e back _ three days.A.after B.for C.in()6.They sent the letter to me _ mistake.A.by B.for C.with()7.He left home _ a cold winter evening A.at B.on C.in()8.Shanghai is _ the east of China A.in B.on C.to()9._ my fathers help,I have finished my composition.A.Under B.On C.with()10.Hes very strict _ hims