专八改错历届真题及答案--最新版16178.pdf

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1、.专八改错历届真题附答案-珍藏版合集 以下答案以上外教师给出的答案为参考答案 PART IV PROOFREADING&ERRORCORRECTION 15 MIN The passage contains TEN errors.Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error.In each case,only ONE word is involved.You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word,underlin

2、e the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word,mark the position of the missing word with a sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word,cross the unnecessary word wi

3、th a slash/and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.EXAMPLE When art museum wants a new exhibit,(1)an It never buys things in finished form and hangs (2)never them on the wall.When a natural history museum wants an exhibition it must often build it.(3)exhibit 2012 年专八完整真题，可到上海外语

4、教育出版社四八级在线网站观看。Proofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET TWO as instructed.The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely.The argument has been going since at least the first(1)_ century B.C.Up to the beginning of the 19th century,many writers favored c

5、ertain kind of“free”translation:the spirit,not the letter;the(2)_ sense not the word;the message rather the form;the matter not(3)_ the manner.This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who(4)_ wanted the truth to be read and understood.Then in the turn of 19th(5)_ century,when the study of c

6、ultural anthropology suggested that the linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language(6)_ was entirely the product of culture,the view translation was impossible(7)_ gained some currency,and with it that,if was attempted at all,it must be as(8)_ literal as possible.This view culminated

7、the statement of the(9)_ extreme“literalists”Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.The argument was theoretical:the purpose of the translation,the nature of the readership,the type of the text,was not discussed.Too often,writer,translator and reader were implicitly identified with each other.Now,the

8、context has changed,and the basic problem remains.(10)_ 参考答案：1going since加入 on 题解：go on 的意思是“继续”，符合句子表达的含义“争论一直在继续”。2certain改为 a certain 题解：此处要表达的意思是“很多作家喜欢一种自由的翻译方法”，第一次出现这种方法应该加上不定冠词。3rather改为 not 题解：根据原句的句子结构，rather 应改为 not。4is 改为 was 题解：此句应该为过去时。5in 改为 at 题解：at the turn of 19th century“十九世纪之初”，是

9、固定搭配。6the 删去第二个 the 题解：这里并没有特指某种语言，所以不用定冠词。7viewtranslation加入 that 题解：在 view 和 translation 之间加上 that，可将“translation was impossible”看成 view 的同位语。8was删去 was 题解：条件状语从句常可以省略主语和系动词。9culminatedthe加入 in 题解：culminate in 是“以.告终”的意思，符合上下文含义。10and 改为 but 题解：根据原句意思“现在背景变化了，但是基本问题依然存在”，两句话之间应该是转折关系。2011 年专八真题改错部

10、分 From a very early age,perhaps the age of five or six,I knew that when I grew I should be a writer.Between the ages of about 1_ seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea,but I did so with the conscience that I was outraging my true nature and that 2_ soon or later I should have to sett

11、le down and write books.3_ I was the child of three,but there was a gap of five years 4_ on either side,and I barely saw my father before I was eight.For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely,and I soon developed disagreeing mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my 5_ schooldays.I had

12、 the lonely childs habit of making up stories and holding conversations with imaginative persons,and I think from 6_ the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of 7_ being isolated and undervalued.I knew that I had a facility with words and a power of facing in unpleasant fac

13、ts,and I felt that this created 8_ a sort of private world which I could get my own back for my failure 9_ in everyday life.Therefore,the volume of serious i.e.seriously 10_ intended writing which I produced all through my childhood and boyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages.I wrote my first

14、 poem at the age of four or five,my mother taking it down to dictation.1，在 grow 后加 up,考固定短语 2，改 consience 为 consciousness 考词语区别，consience 翻译为“良心，道德心”,consiousness 翻译为“意识”3，改 soon 为 sooner，sooner or later 是固定短语 4，在 child 前加 middle,考上下文理解。作者是三个孩子句中的那位 5，改 disagreeing 为 disagreeable，disagreeing 只能作动名词，

15、不能作形容词。disagreeable mannernisms 令人讨厌的习惯 6，改 imaginative 为 imaginary,考词语区别 imaginative 翻译为“有想象力的”，imaginary 翻译为“想象的，虚构的”7，改 literal 为 literary,考词义区别，literal 翻译为“字面的”，literary 翻译为“文学方面的”8，去掉 face 后的 in，face 接宾语时是及物动词。考动词的基本用法 9，在 world 后加 in 或者改 which 为 where,考定语从句 10，改 Therefore 为 However 或者 Neverthe

16、ness,考语境。感悟：11 专八改错相对前几年专八改错要简单一点。本人认为词义区别考得过多了。2010 年专八真题改错部分 So far as we can tell,all human languages are equally complete and perfect as instruments of communication:that is,every language appears to be well equipped as any other to say 1_ the things their speakers want to say.2_ There may or ma

17、y not be appropriate to talk about primitive 3_ peoples or cultures,but that is another matter.Certainly,not all groups of people are equally competent in nuclear physics or psychology or the cultivation of rice.Whereas this is not the 4_ fault of their language.The Eskimos,it is said,can speak abou

18、t snow with further more precision and subtlety than we can in 5_ English,but this is not because the Eskimo language(one of those sometimes miscalled primitive)is inherently more precise and subtle than English.This example does not come to light a defect 6_ in English,a show of unexpected primitiv

19、eness.The position is simply and obviously that the Eskimos and the English live in similar 7_ environments.The English language will be just as rich in terms 8_ for different kinds of snow,presumably,if the environments in which Englishwas habitually used made such distinction as important.9_ Simil

20、arly,we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo language could be as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufacture or cricket if these topics formed the part of the Eskimos life.10_ 2010 年专八真题改错参考答案以及分词 1 be 后插入 as;asas 引导的比较级 2 their 改为 its;its 代替 every language 3 There 改为 It;It 此处作为形式主语，真

21、正的主语是后面的不定式 4 Whereas 改为 But；语境需要表示转折的连词，whereas 表示对比 5 further 改为 much further 不能修饰比较级 6 come 改为 bring;(sth)come to light,bring sth to light bring to light the defect of English=bring the defect of english to light 揭示英语的缺陷 7 similar 改为 different;根据语境应该用 different 8 will 改为 would;虚拟语气 9 as important

22、去掉 as;10 the part 去掉 the 或者改 the 为 a be/become/form(a)part of 是固定短语 09 专八改错原题 The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passes from one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference (1)_ between school lore and nursery lore.In nursery lore a verse,learnt in early childhood

23、,is not usually passed on again when the (2)_ little listener has grown up,and has children of their own,or even (3)_ grandchildren.The period between learning a nursery rhyme and transmitting it may be something from twenty to seventy years.With (4)_ the playground lore,therefore,a rhyme may be exc

24、itedly passed (5)_ on within the very hour it is learnt;and in the general,it passes (6)_ between children of the same age,or nearly so,since it is uncommon for the difference in age between playmates to be more than five years.If,therefore,a playground rhyme can be shown to have been currently for

25、a hundred years,or even just for fifty,it follows that it (7)_ has been retransmitted over and over;very possibly it has passed (8)_ along a chain of two or three hundred young hearers and tellers,and the wonder is that it remains live after so much handling,(9)_ to let alone that it bears resemblan

26、ce to the (10)_ 答案分析：(1)the further difference 改为 a further difference（此次应该用不定冠词表示泛指）(2)改 when 为 until,结构 not.until 翻译为“直到才”(3)their 改为 his（代词与前文 a little listener 在单复数上保持一致）(4)something 改为 anything 此处指二十到七十的任何时段(5)therefore 改为 however（根据上下文逻辑关系）(6)in the general 去掉 the（习惯用法 in general 表示总的来说，一般不用冠词

27、）(7)currently 改为 current（这里起的是表语的作用，需要形容词而不是副词）(8)it has passed 改为 it has been passed（与分号前的被动保持一致）(9)live 改为 alive alive 翻译为“鲜活的”，一般作补语；live翻译为“现场转播的；活的”，一般作定语(10)to let alone 改为 let alone(let alone 为习惯搭配，意思是“更不用说 2008 年专八真题 短文改错 The desire to use language as a sign of national identity is a very na

28、tural one,and in result language has played a prominent _1_ part in national moves.Men have often felt the need to cultivate _2_ a given language to show that they are distinctive from another _3_ race whose hegemony they resent.At the time the United States _4_ split off from Britain,for example,th

29、ere were proposals that independence should be linguistically accepted by the use of a _5_ different language from those of Britain.There was even one _6_ proposal that Americans should adopt Hebrew.Others favoured the adoption of Greek,though,as one man put it,things would certainly be simpler for

30、Americans if they stuck on to English _7_ and made the British learn Greek.At the end,as everyone _8_ knows,the two countries adopted the practical and satisfactory solution of carrying with the same language as before._9_ Since nearly two hundred years now,they have shown the world _10_ that politi

31、cal independence and national identity can be complete without sacrificing the enormous mutual advantages of a common language.2008 1.in result 改成 in consequence，2 moves 改成 movements.3 distinctive 改成 distinct 或 different 4 在 time 后加 when 5 accepted 改成 realized 6 those 改成 that 7 删除 on,8 At 改成 In 9 ca

32、rrying with 改成 carrying on with 10 now 改成 ago 07 专八真题 短文改错 From what has been said,it must be clear that no one can make very positive statements about how language originated.There is no material in any language today and in the earliest 1_ records of ancient languages show us language in a new and

33、 2_ emerging state.It is often said,of course,that the language 3_ originated in cries of anger,fear,pain and pleasure,and the 4_ necessary evidence is entirely lacking:there are no remote tribes,no ancient records,providing evidence of a language with a large proportion of such cries 5_ than we fin

34、d in English.It is true that the absence of such evidence does not disprove the theory,but in 6_ other grounds too the theory is not very attractive.People of all races and languages make rather similar noises in return to pain or pleasure.The fact that 7_ such noises are similar on the lips of Fren

35、chmen and Malaysians whose languages are utterly different,serves to emphasize on the fundamental difference 8_ between these noises and language proper.We may say that the cries of pain or chortles of amusement are largely reflex actions,instinctive to large extent,9_ whereas language proper does n

36、ot consist of signs but of these that have to be learnt and that are 10_ wholly conventional.1,改 and 为 or,any languagages today or recordsof ancient languages 是并列成分，在否定句中用 or 2,改 show 为 showing,现在分词作定语 3，删除 the,表示泛指 4，改 and 为 but,根据语境此处是转折 5，改 large 为 larger,后面有 than,应该用比较级 6，改 in 为 on,on other grou

37、nds“基于其它理由”，为固定搭配 7，改 return 为 response ,in response to“对作出反应”8，删除 on,emphasize sth emphasize是及物动词 9，在 large 前加 a,extent 是可数名词，前面要加冠词。to a large extent翻译为“在很大程度上”10，改 these 为 those those that/who 为固定形式 2006 专八短文改错 We use language primarily as a means of communication with other human beings.Each of

38、us shares with the community in which we live a store of words and meanings as well as agreeing conventions as 1_ to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a particular 2_ message:the English speaker has in his disposal vocabulary and a 3_ set of grammatical rules which enables him to c

39、ommunicate his 4_ thoughts and feelings,in a variety of styles,to the other English 5_ speakers.His vocabulary,in particular,both that which he uses active-ly and that which he recognises,increases in size as he grows old as a result of education and experience.6_ But,whether the language store is r

40、elatively small or large,the system remains no more than a psychological reality for the individual,unless he has a means of expressing it in terms able to be seen by another 7_ member of his linguistic community;he bas to give the system a concrete transmission form.We take it for granted the two m

41、ost 8_ common forms of transmission-by means of sounds produced by our vocal organs(speech)or by visual signs(writing).And these are 9_ among most striking of human achievements.10_ 1,改 agreeing 为 agreed agreed conventions翻译为“习俗”2，words 前加 the,此处为特指 3，改 in 为 at at ones disposal 为固定短语，翻译为“由某人做主”4，改 e

42、nables 为 enable，定语从句与先行词 vocabulary and a set of grammatical rules 保持一致 5，删除 the,此处需要泛指 6，改 old 为 older,此处需要比较级 7，改 seen 为 understood，system 应该是被理解 8，删除 it take sth for granted take it for granted that 9,改 or 为 and ,语境需要并列关系而不需选择关系 10，most 前加 the,形容词最高级中 that 一般不能省略 2005 年专八真题短文改错 The University as

43、Busines A number of colleges and universities have announced steep tuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,very low rate of inflation.They say the increases are needed because of a loss in value of university endowments heavily investing in common 1 _ stock.I am skeptical.A bus

44、iness firm chooses the price that maximizes its net revenues,irrespective fluctuations in income;and increasingly the 2 _ outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of 3 _ business firms.The rise in tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty 4_ increases the

45、 demand for education.The biggest cost of being in the school is foregoing income from a job(this is primarily a factor in 5 _ graduate and professional-school tuition);the poor ones job prospects,6 _ the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,in order to make onesel

46、f more marketable.The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students 7 _ include soft majors,student evaluations of teachers,giving students a governance role,and eliminate required courses.8 _ Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students as customers.Just as b

47、usiness firms sometimes collude to shorten the 9 _ rigors of competition,universities collude to minimize the cost to them of the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations,so the best athletes now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries earlier from professi

48、onal teams.And until they were stopped by the antitrust authorities,the Ivy League schools colluded to limit competition for the best students,by agreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit rather than purely of need-just like business firms agreeing not to give discounts on their best

49、10 _ customer.1.investing 应改为 invested，过去分词作定语 2.在 irrespective 和 fluctuations 之间加上介词 of。irrespectiveOf是一固定用法，意指“不论，不管，不顾，”等，此处指公司不顾收入的波动变化。3.把 those 改为 that，that 此处代替 outlook 4 在 fact 和 economic 之间力口上关系代词 that。这是一个同位语从语，that 在同位语从句中是不能省略的.5把定冠词 the 去掉,in school 表示上学这个抽象意义 6把形容词 poor 改为其比较级 poorer。这

50、句中的 poor 与后面的 more形成一对比较关系，表示“越越”7在 ways 和 which 之间加上一个介词 in。8这里应该用动词的lng 形式，即 eliminating，以便使句型结构与前面的 giving(students a governance role)保持一致，否则句子结构和意思都显得不正确。9将 shorten(缩短；使变短)改为 reduce/lesson/weaken。此处属于用词不当。10将 to give discounts on 改为 to give discounts to their best customer。意为实业公司给最好的客户提供优惠。Give