高中英语被动语态知识点总结归纳17176.pdf
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1、1 高中英语被动语态知识点总结归纳 单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、This wall requires_.Ato repairBrepairedCrepairingDbeing repaired 答案:C 解析:考查主动表达被动。句意:这堵墙需要修理。此处考查短语 require doing sth.“需要(被)”,此处用主动表被动,故选 C 项。2、-How was your weekend,Rose?-Wonderful!It was the first time I alone at home,enjoying freedom.Ahad leftBhave been l
2、eftChad been leftDhave been leaving 答案:C 解析:考查时态语态。句意:Rose,你周末过得怎么样?好极了!这是我第一次被独自留在家里,享受自由。“It is/was the first time+从句”是固定句型,当主句的 be 是 is 时,从句用现在完成时,当 be 是 was 时,从句用过去完成时,此处从句中应用过去完成时,且动词 leave 和主语 I 之间是被动关系,所以用过去完成时的被动语态。故选 C 项。3、Whats that noise outside?A new school_.Ais being builtBwill be built
3、Chas been builtDis building 答案:A 解析:2 考查时态和被动。句意:外面是什么声音?一所新学校正在兴建中。A.is being built(现在进行时被动)正在被修建;B.will be built(一般将来时被动)将会被修建;C.has been built(现在完成时被动)已经被修建;D.is building(现在进行时)正在修建。结合前文“Whats that noise outside?(外面是什么声音?)”语境可知,“声音”正在发生,因此应是现在进行时,且主语“A new school”与动词“build”之间为被动关系,应是现在进行时被动。故选A 项
4、。4、Quickly after the quakes the government sent workers to build shelters for survivors whose homes _.Ahad destroyedBwere destroyed Chad been destroyedDhas been destroyed 答案:C 解析:考查时态语态。句意:地震发生后,政府迅速派工人为那些房屋被摧毁的幸存者建造避难所。分析可知,设空处为定语从句的谓语动词,主语 homes 和 destroy 之间为被动关系,且该动作发生在 sent 之前,即过去的过去,故应用过去完成时的被动
5、语态。故选 C。5、No child under 12 is allowed to go to the lake alone;any walk close to the lake _by a parent.Amust be accompaniedBmust accompany Ccan be accompaniedDshould accompany 答案:A 解析:考查语态。句意:12 岁以下的孩子不允许单独去湖边;任何靠近湖的散步都必须有家长陪同。此处主语与谓语accompany 构成被动关系,且表示“必须”应用情态动词 must,后跟动词原形。故选 A。6、Last month,part
6、of Southeast Asia was_by floods.AstrikenBstruckCstuckDsticked 答案:B 3 解析:考查动词词义辨析和语态。句意:上个月,东南亚部分地区遭受洪水袭击。strike 表示“袭击”,其过去分词为struck 或 stricken,stick 表示“坚持,戳”,其过去分词为 stuck;根据前后文“part of Southeast Asia was_by floods”可知此处为一般过去时的被动语态,表示“袭击”应用 strike 的过去分词 struck 或stricken。故选 B。7、The princess hat was rea
7、lly fancy,which _ with gold and jewels.AdecoratedBdecoratesCwas decoratedDwas decorating 答案:C 解析:考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:公主的帽子很别致,上面装饰着黄金和珠宝。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 hat,先行词在从句中作主语,与谓语动词 decorate 构成被动关系,根据上文 was 可知用一般过去时的被动语态,谓语动词与先行词保持一致,应用单数。故选 C。8、This is a promising company as its employees _ to think outside
8、the box and develop creative solutions.AencourageBhave encouragedCwere encouragedDare encouraged 答案:D 解析:考查时态和语态。句意:这是一个有前途的公司,因为它的员工都被鼓励跳出固定思维模式,开发有创造性的解决方法。分析句子可知,此处是状语从句的谓语动词,由上文的 is 判断为一般现在时,主语 employees 和encourage 之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语是 employees 是复数名词,故选 D 项。9、As a punishment,he _ any school
9、 activities.Awasnt permitted to attendBwas permitted to attend Cwasnt permitted attendingDwas permitted attending 答案:A 4 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:作为惩罚,他被禁止参加任何学校活动。he 与 permit 之间是被动关系,句中使用被动语态,permit 一词符合 permit sb.to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”,在被动语态下其结构为 be permitted to do sth.,且句意上要表达“他不被允许参加活动”,要用否定句。故选 A 项。10、The
10、basketball coach,as well as his team,_ now for their outstanding performance during the match.Ahas been interviewedBhave been interviewed Cis being interviewedDarc being interviewed 答案:C 解析:考查时态、主谓一致和被动语态。句意:这位篮球教练和他的球队正在接受采访,因为他们在比赛中表现出色。分析句意可知,根据句中 now,谓语动词用现在进行时形式;题干中主语 the basketball coach 后加 as
11、 well as his team,谓语动词单复数形式应与 the basketball coach 保持一致;主语 The basketball coach 和动词 interview之间是被动关系,谓语动词应用被动语态形式;综上分析,该空应该用现在进行时被动语态的单数形式 is being interviewed。故选 C 项。11、Shall we _ to attend the meeting _ at the end of this month?Sorry,I dont know.Aask;holdingBask;to holdCbe asked;heldDbe asked;to b
12、e held 答案:D 解析:考查语态和不定式。句意:我们是否被要求参加本月底举行的会议?抱歉,我不知道。分析句子结构,主语是 we,谓语动词是 ask,主谓之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,且前面有情态动词 shall,be 用原形,故第一空填 be asked。第二空 hold 是非谓语动词,meeting 和 hold 之间是被动关系,结合时间状语 at the end of this month,可知应用一般将来时,此处用不定式表示将来,即 to be done,故选 D 项。5 12、The water will be further polluted unless some measu
13、res _.Awill be takenBare takenCwere takenDhad been taken 答案:B 解析:考查时态语态。句意:如果不采取一些措施,水将会被进一步污染。此处主句为一般将来时,从句应用一般现在时表将来,主语与谓语构成被动关系,故用一般现在的被动语态,主语为 some measures,谓语用复数。故选 B。13、What will the weather be like tomorrow?I have no idea.I was on the phone when the weather report _.Ais broadcastBwas being br
14、oadcast Chas been broadcastDhad been broadcast 答案:B 解析:考查动词时态语态。句意:明天天气会怎样?我不知道。天气预报播送的时候我正在打电话。结合上文“I was on the phone when the weather report”可知指过去某个时刻正在做某事,应用过去进行时,且 the weather report 与 broadcast 构成被动关系,用过去进行时的被动语态。故选 B。14、Large quantities of information,as well as timely help,_ since the organi
15、zation was built.Ahas offeredBhad been offeredChave been offeredDis offered 答案:C 解析:考查动词的时态和语态。句意:这个组织自建立以来,提供了大量的信息和及时的帮助。根据时间状语 since the organization was built 判断要用现在完成时态;信息和帮助是“被提供”,所以用被动语态,综上,C 选项正确。6 15、They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.Awil
16、l be installedBwill have been installed Care installedDhave been installed 答案:B 解析:考查时态和语态。句意:他们正努力确保在 2022 年北京冬奥会之前安装 5G 终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作,用将来完成时;“5G 终端”和“安装”之间是被动关系,用被动语态,故选 B 项。16、This is one of the best films _ this year Awhich has been shownBthat have been shown Cthat have shownDhaving
17、 been shown 答案:B 解析:考查定语从句。句意:这是今年上映的最好的电影之一。此处为定语从句,先行词是 films,指物,复数,被最高级 the best 修饰,并在从句中作主语,此时应用关系代词 that;先行词 that 与从句中的动词 show 是被动关系,因而用被动语态 be shown,再用完成时表示“已上映”,主句是一般现在时,从句用现在完成时,所以用that have been shown。故选 B。小提示:17、We want to sit at the table near the window.Im sorry,but it _ already.Ahas tak
18、enBtookCwas takenDhas been taken 答案:D 解析:7 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意:我们想坐在窗户边的桌子。不好意思,已经有人坐了。根据时间状语“already”和句意可推测句子要用现在完成时;分析句子可知,空格处在句子中作谓语。主语 it 代指“the table near the window”,与动词 take 之间为被动关系。故此处用现在完成时的被动语态,且主语 it 是第三人称单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数 has。故选 D 项。18、Do you like the new pen?Yes,it _very well.Ais writtenBis wr
19、itingCwroteDwrites 答案:D 解析:考查语态。句意:你喜欢这支新钢笔吗?是的,它书写很顺畅。动词 write“书写”用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常要用主动形式表示被动意义,该用法通常与 well,easily,slowly,quickly 等副词连用。此处描述现在情况,用一般现在时。故选 D 项。19、By the end of the 1980s.about 9.5 million elephants _for the ivory trade in South Africa.Awere killedBwere being killedChad been kill
20、edDhave been killed 答案:C 解析:考查过去完成时。句意:截至 20 世纪 80 年代末,已经有大约 950 万头大象因为象牙贸易在南非被杀害。分析句意,这里表达的是从很久之前一直持续到过去的某个时间点(20 世纪 80 年代末),共有(已经有)950 万头大象被杀,应使用过去完成时。同时 by the end of(到时为止)常与过去完成时搭配,是一个标志词,具有很强的提示作用。主语大象和杀害是被动关系,本题中使用过去完成时的被动语态 had been+过去分词,故选 C。20、_the telephone number several times,but he coul
21、dnt learn it by heart.AHaving toldBHaving been told 8 CAlthough he had been toldDHe had been told 答案:D 解析:考查句子结构。句意:虽然被告知电话号码好几次,但是他还是没有记住。因为两句话之间有 but 连接,所以前面应该是一个简单句,而不是非谓语动词,C 项错在 but 不能和 although 连用。故选 D。21、The cloth _easily if _on a table.Ameasures,spreadingBwill be measured,spread Cmeasures,sp
22、readDis measured,spread 答案:C 解析:考查动词语态和省略句。句意:如果把布展开在桌子上,很容易量出尺寸。第一空:measure 意为“量起来”,没有被动语态,排除 B、D 项;第二空:spread 和 cloth 是被动关系,要用一般现在时的被动语态,且 if 引导的状语从句中,常省略和主句相同的主语和 be 动词,从句完整为“if(it is)spread on a table”。故选 C。22、It is the first time that such a grand military parade_ in china.Ais heldBhas been hel
23、dChad been heldDwas held 答案:B 解析:考查现在完成时被动语态。句意:这是中国首次举行如此盛大的阅兵式。该句使用了固定句型:It is the+序数词+time that+主语+现在完成时,意为“这是第次做某事”,故该句应使用现在完成时,根据句意,主语“such a grand military parade(一场如此盛大的阅兵式)”与所设空处的实义动词“hold(举行)”之间为被动关系,因此填 has been held,故选 B。23、The famous magician,as well as his assistants,_ to perform at the
24、 Chinas Got Talent in 2015.9 Awere invitedBwas invitedChave been invitedDhas been invited 答案:B 解析:考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意:这位著名的音乐家和他的学生去年被邀请在 2015 年的中国达人秀上表演。由时间状语 in 2015 可知,空处谓语动词需用一般过去时;结合句意可知,此处表示被邀请,所以谓语动词需用一般过去时的被动语态:was/were done;as well as 连接两个并列的主语,谓语动词需用“就远原则”,即谓语动词的形式取决于第一个主语,此处第一主语是单数名词 musician,
25、所以 be 动词需用 was。故选 B。24、Jan feels very glad because her life _by the Internet.Ahave been great improvedBhas been greatly improved Chas greatly improvedDhas been greatly improving 答案:B 解析:考查动词时态、语态以及修饰。句意:Jan 感到很高兴,因为互联网大大改善了她的生活。动词 improve 和主语 her life 之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,故排除 CD 两项;主语 her life 为第三人称单数,主谓一
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