高中英语真题-【备战2014】高考英语语法复习专题动词和动词短语(重点知识归纳+考点聚焦+仿真演练,12413.pdf

《高中英语真题-【备战2014】高考英语语法复习专题动词和动词短语(重点知识归纳+考点聚焦+仿真演练,12413.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高中英语真题-【备战2014】高考英语语法复习专题动词和动词短语(重点知识归纳+考点聚焦+仿真演练,12413.pdf（37页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、 高中英语真题:【备战 2014】高考英语语法复习专题动词和动词短语（重点知识归纳+考点聚焦+仿真演练，14 页）一、动词的分类 种类 语法意义 按 性 质 分 类 实义动词 及物和 不及物 表示动作或状态，在句中独立做谓语。及物动词后须跟宾语；不及物动词不跟宾语，要跟宾语时要加介词。What did you think of her speech?She _for one hour but didnt _ much.A.spoke;speak B.spoke;say C.said;speak D.said;say【解析】答案为 B。speak 作不及物动词，意为“说、发言、演讲”；speak

2、 作及物动词时意为“讲某种语言”；say 作及物动词，意为“说、讲”，后接宾语。句意：她讲了一个小时，但并没有说出多少（事）。连系动词 本身有一定的词义，不能独立做谓语，须与表语一起构成复合谓语。连系动词可以细分为表示“是”的 be 动词，根据主语有各种形式；表示“感觉”的连系动词。如：look,feel,smell,taste,sound 等；表示“变得、变成”的连系动词。如become,turn,get,grow,go,fall,come 等；表示“结果”的连系动词。如 turn out,prove 等；表示“仍然”的连系动词。如 remain,stand,stay,keep等；表示“似乎

3、、好像”的连系动词。如 seem,appear,look等。Emergency line operators must always _ calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help.A.grow B.appear C.become D.stay【解析】答案为 D。become,grow 表示状态的变化，stay calm 保持冷静，沉着。注意：绝大多数连系动词又是实义动词，在解题时要正确区分,否则就会出错。good,the food has been sold out.A.Tasted

4、B.Having been Tasted C.Tasting D.To taste【解析】答案为 C。本题考生如果把 taste 当成实义动词去理解的话，就会误选 A 或 B。其实 taste 在本句中是连系动词，应该选 C 才对=Because the food tastes good,。助动词 本身无词义，不能独立作谓语。用来表示否定，疑问，时态等语法形式。助动词（与动词原形或分词构成复合谓语），常见的有：be(am,is,are),do(does,did);have(has);will,would,shall 情态动词 本身有一定意义，只能和实义动词一起构成谓语。没有人称和数的变化，常用

5、来表示说话人的语气和情态。常见的有 can(could),may(might),must,shall(should)按 时 限 分 类 延续性 和 非延续性动词 动作可以延续，可以与一段时间连用。如：live,study,work,stay,keep,have The evening news comes on at Seven o clock and _ only thirty minutes.A.keeps B.continues C.finishes D.lasts【解析】答案为答案为 D。根据后面的时间状语“only thirty minutes”先排除“finish”为瞬间动词；ke

6、ep“保留，保存”；continue 意为“继续”；last“持续，继续”，根据题意“晚间新闻每天 7：00 开始，持续 30 分钟。”可知，正确选项为 D。二、动词短语的构成 结 构 例 题 动词+副词 Dont be so discouraged.If you such feelings,you will do better next time.A.carry on B.get back C.break down D.put away【解析】答案为 D。carry on 意为“开展、进行”；get back 意为“取回，拿回”；break down 意为“分解、崩溃”。put away 除

7、了有“把收起、放好”的意思外还有“储存、抛弃、放弃”的意思。句意：别那么垂头丧气的。如果你抛弃这种情绪（而振作起来），下次你就会做得更好。I was still sleeping when the fire _,and then it spread quickly.A.broke out B.put out C.came out D.got out【解析】答案为 A。break out 意为“发生”符合题意；put out 意为“扑灭”；come out 意为“出版、出现、出来”；get out 意为“（拿）出来”。句意：火灾发生时，我还在睡觉，然后火势很快蔓延开来。注意：如果宾语较长，就应避

8、免把副词同动词分开 She turned off all the lights which had been left on.她关掉了所有还在亮着的灯。如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。She gave them away.她把它们送掉了。动词+介词 Once a decision has been made，all of us should _it.A.direct to B.stick to C.lead to D.refer to【解析】答案为 B。stick to 意为“坚守（规则、诺言等）”Its the present situation in poor areas th

9、at _much higher spending on education and training.A.answers for B.provides for C.calls for D.plans for【解析】答案为 C。call for 意为“要求”；answer for意为“负责”；provide for 意为“供养，为做好准备”；plan for 意为“为作计划/打算”。动词+副词+介词 I dont _rock n roll.Its much too noisy for my taste.A.go after B.go away with C.go into D.go in for

10、【解析】答案为 D。go in for 意为“喜欢”；go after意为“追求”；go away with 意为“随身带走”；go into意为“从事、参加”。Why do we have to _Joans selfish behavior?She should learn to care for others.A.keep up with B.catch up with C.put up with D.come up with【解析】答案为 C。keep up with 意为“跟着、跟上”；catch up with 意为“赶上”；put up with 意为“忍受”；come up w

11、ith 意为“想出、提出”。动词+名词+介词 You cant imagine what difficulty we had _home in the snowstorm.A.walked B.walk C.to walk D.walking【解析】答案为 D。考查have difficulty(in)doing sth.短语的变式运用。difficulty 在句中充当先行词，其后为定语从句。动词反身代词介词 She devoted herself _ the problems of the teenagers.A.in studying B.at studying C.to study D.

12、to studying【解析】答案为 D。devote oneself to 意为“专心，致力于，献身”。to 为介词。说明：这一讲不涉及动词的时态、语态、语气、非谓语动词以及情态动词等语法内容（这部分请参看后面有关的各讲的内容）。William found it increasingly difficult to read,for his eyesight Was beginning to .A.disappear B.fall C.fail D.damage【解析】答案为 C。disappear 意为“消失，不复存在”；fall 意为“降落，跌倒，降低”；fail 意为“(指健康)衰退,衰

13、弱”；damage 意为“损害，毁坏，加害于”。句意：William 发现阅读越来越困难了，因为他的视力开始衰退。Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful,but they may also _our thinking.A.direct B.limit C.change D.improve【解析】答案为 B。direct 意为“指示，指引，导演（戏剧或电影），指挥（管弦乐队）”；limit 意为“限制”；change 意为“改变”；improve 意为“改进，改善”。根据句中 but 的转折，选 B。句意：

14、如果我们想要获得成功，知识和学习很重要。但是它们或许会限制我们的思维。You are old enough to _your own living.A.win B.gain C.take D.earn【解析】答案为 D。句意：你已经到了可以自己谋生的年龄了。earn ones living 意为“挣钱；维持生计”，为固定搭配，还可以说“make ones living”。Mary,I _John of his promise to help you.A.told B.reminded C.warned D.advised【解析】答案为 B。句意：玛丽，我已经提醒约翰注意他帮助你的承诺了。rem

15、ind of 意为“就提醒(某人)，使(某人)想起”；warnof意为“就警告(某人)”。With modern equipment,many mysteries have _ to light in recent years.A.bought B.come C.thrown D.appeared 【解析】答案为 B。题意为“由于有现代化的设备，近年来许多谜团被揭开”。“揭露，将曝光”是 come to light，故答案为 B项。The card reads:“Dear Mom and Dad,they are _ everyone write home.Love,Joey.”A.advis

16、ing B.suggesting C.letting D.making 【解析】答案为 D。分析句子结构可知，空缺处后面的write home 是无 to 的不定式，作 everyone 的宾语补足语，由此可排除 A 项；suggest 后面不能跟不定式作宾补，更不用说无 to的不定式，由此排除 B 项；let 作为使役动词时，无进行时态，也排除；只有 make 后面是跟无 to 的不定式作宾补的，所以答案为 D。The effect of the medicine on this kind of disease remains_.A.seen B.to be seen C.seeing D.

17、to see 【解析】答案为 B。题意为“这种药对这种疾病的效果尚待观察”。由题意可知，remain 在此是用作系动词，且 see 这一动作还没有发生，答案锁定在 B 和 D 中间；“the effect”和“see”之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine,she _pale.A.got B.changed C.went D.appeared【解析】答案为 C。“got”作系动词时，表示人为所致成一个相对长的过程；“changed”是实义动词，不能接形容词作表语；“went”作系动词时表示情况变坏、糟糕

18、；“appeared”表示表面是这样而事实上并非如此。They are broadening the bridge to _ the flow of traffic.A.put off B.speed up C.turn on D.work out【解析】答案为 B。put off 意为“推迟”；speed up 意为“加快”；turn on 意为“打开（水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等）”；work out 意为“算出，实现”。句意：他们正在拓宽桥梁以加快交通流量。You look upset.Whats the matter?I had my proposal _ again.A.turned

19、 over B.turned on C.turned off D.turned down【解析】答案为 D。turned over 是“翻书，翻身，翻倒”的意思；turned on 是“开”的意思；turned off 是“关”的意思；turned down 是“拒绝”的意思。根据句意，应该是“我的建议遭到拒绝”。He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of _ at a hotel for the night.A.putting down B.putting off C.putting on D.putting up 【

20、解析】答案为 D。put down 意为“放下，平定，镇压，记下”；put off 意为“推迟”；put on 意为“穿上，戴上，上演，假装，增加”；put up 意为“举起，建立，张贴，投宿”。根据句意选 D。句意：他决定一路驾车回家，不在旅馆留宿。The government has taken measures to _ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.A.take down B.bring down C.hand down D.tear down【解析】答案为 B。take down 意为“记下，拿下，拆

21、除；拆卸”；bring down 意为“使降下来，减少，打倒，击败”；hand down 意为“把传下去，留给”；tear down 意为“拆毁，撕毁”。根据后面的“以保持市场的稳定”选择 B。句意：政府已采取措施使日常用品的高物价下降以保持市场的稳定。You cant predict everything.Often things dont _ as you expect.A.run out B.break out C.work out D.put out【解析】答案为 C。run out 意为“耗尽”；break out 意为“打破，爆发”；work out 意为“算出，实现”；put o

22、ut 意为“扑灭”。句意：你无法预言一切。事情常常不会像你期待的那样实现。I can _ the house being untidy,but I hate it if its not clean.A.come up with B.put up with C.turn to D.stick to【解析】答案为 B。句意为“房子里东西凌乱我能忍，但是脏我讨厌。”come up with 意为“想出，提出”；put up with 意为“忍受,容忍”；turn to 意为“转向，翻到（书的页数），求助于，(使)变成”；stick to 意为“坚持，紧跟，粘住，忠于”。1.Everyone who

23、reached the top of Mount Tai was with a magnificent view.A.awarded B.admired C.rewarded D.impressed 【答案与解析】C be rewarded sth.意为：受到的报酬。句意为：任何一个登上泰山之巅的人，都会欣赏到美丽的风景。2.Do you think the Internet will finally_ newspapers?No one knows for sure.A.replace B.escape C.support D.cover【答案与解析】A replace 替代，代替。句意：“

24、你认为网络将会最终代替报纸吗？”“谁也说不清楚。”3.The successful launch of Tiangong-1 on Sept.29th a significant step in Chinas plan to build a space station.A.signaled B.marked C.signed D.proved【答案与解析】B mark 标志。9 月 29 日天宫一号的成功发射是标志着中国在太空站建设的计划中迈出了重大的一部。signal“发信号”；sign 签署，示意；prove 证明。4.One valuable tip for graduates is t

25、hat first impressions during a job interview really .A.apply B.function C.award D.count 【答案与解析】D count 有价值。句意为：一个给毕业生的有价值的建议就是：在面试中第一印象相当重要。apply 申请，应用；function 运作，起作用；award 授予、判定。5.The mother opened the door quietly so as not to the sleeping baby.A.upset B.interrupt C.disturb D.release【答案与解析】C dist

26、urb 打扰，妨碍。句意为：这位妈妈为了不打扰熟睡中的孩子，悄悄的开了门。upset 使心烦；interrupt打断；release 释放，发布。6.The new movie_ to be one of the biggest money-makers of all time.A promises B.agrees C.pretends D.intends【答案与解析】A 句意：这部新电影有望成为空前最大赚钱者之一。promise“有前途；有指望”；agree“同意”；pretend“假装”；intend“打算”。故 A 项符合题意。7.According to a recent surve

27、y,too much pressure and long working hours are _ many peoples health.A.hurting B.injuring C.ruining D.deserting【答案与解析】C ruin 破坏,毁灭。句意为：根据最近的调查，压力过大和长时间的工作正在破坏人们的健康。hurt 伤害（感情）；injure 伤害，损害（感情），损害（名誉）；desert 放弃，抛弃。8.Children should be encouraged to try new things but should not be too hard.A.drawn B.

28、stroke C.rushed D.pushed【答案与解析】C 句意：孩子应该被鼓励尝试新事物，但是不要逼得太紧。push 表示“逼迫；催促”，符合句意。9.The company needs to improve its communication system to show that it _ all its staff.A.consults B.values C.educates D.attaches【答案与解析】B 句意：公司需要改善它的沟通系统来表现出对所有员工的重视。此处 value 用作动词，意为“重视”，符合语意。A 项表示“咨询”；C 项表示“教育”；D 项也有“重视”之

29、意，但其用法为 attach importancevalueto sb.sth.。10.In different languages,the same idea is often _ in different ways.A.instructed B.suggested C.expressed D.supposed【答案与解析】C express 意为“表达”。句意为：在不同的语言中，同一个观点常常会有不同的表达方式。instruct 指导、通知；suggest 建议、暗示；suppose 假设、认为。11.The government _air quality in urban areas f

30、rom levels one to five;excellent,fairly good,slightly polluted,poor and dangerous.A.classifies B.arranges C.distributes D.divides【答案与解析】A 句意：政府对城区的空气质量按 1 到 5 的等级进行分类：优；良；轻微污染；差；危险。classify“分类”；arrange“安排”；distribute“分配”；divide“划分；分开”。A 项符合题意。12.You cant see well through a telescope unless it is_ co

31、rrectly to your sight.A.accustomed B.adjusted C.admitted D.adopted 【答案与解析】B adjust 调节。句意为：除非你把望远镜调节到和你视力一致，否则，你就会看不清楚。accustom 使习惯于；admit 承认；adopt 采纳。13.My naughty son broke my favorite album.I was about to _ _ when my wife calmed me down.A.erupt B.explode C.promote D.ignore【答案与解析】A 由语境可知，淘气的儿子弄坏我最喜

32、爱的唱片，所以应该是发火，故选 erupt，意思是：（因生气）突然发出（尤指叫喊）。explode 爆炸、爆发；promote 提升、促进；ignore 忽视，不理。14.The cars give off a great deal of waste gas in the streets.Yes.But Im sure something will be done to _ air pollution.A.collect B.warn C.remove D.reduce【答案与解析】D 句意：“路上的车辆排放大量的废弃。”“是的。必需做点事情以减少空气污染了。”所以选 reduce 意义为：减

33、少，降低。collect 收集；warn 警告；remove 移动，搬动。15.“Stop thief!Stop thief!”But the thief was _ by the crowd and we lost sight of it.A.drowned B.swallowed C.caught D.stopped【答案与解析】B 这里指的是小偷被淹没在人群之中，我们看不到它了。所以用 swallow，意思是：淹没，吞没。drown 淹死,淹没（声音等）；catch 抓住；stop 阻止。16.Though having lived in Australia for 6 years，Mr

34、.Want still the traditional customs.A.performs B.observes C.possesses D.supports【答案与解析】B observe 遵守，遵循。尽管 Mr.Want 在澳大利亚生活了六年，但是他依然遵循着传统的风俗习惯。17.In recent years,parents have been _ a great deal of importance to the education of their children.A.attaching B.attracting C.attacking D.assigning 【答案与解析】A

35、attach importance to 为固定搭配，意思是：重视。句意为：最近几年，父母非常重视他们孩子的教育。attract 吸引；attack 袭击；assign 分配，指派。18.Her health_ under the pressure of work and she had to stay in hospital for a month.A.picked up B.broke down C.gave in D.showed off【答案与解析】B break down（身体的）垮掉。句意为：在工作的压力下，他的身体垮了，不得不住院治疗几个月。pick up 意思是：（身体的）逐渐

36、恢复；give in 屈服；show off 炫耀，卖弄。19.You were so careless to a whole paragraph when copying the article.A.give away B.make up C.turn off D.leave out【答案与解析】D leave out 遗漏，漏掉。句意为：你太粗心了，抄课文的时候漏掉了一整个段落。give away 泄露，出卖；make up 化妆，虚构；turn off 关上，关掉。20.We firmly believe that war never settles anything.It only _

37、 violence.A.runs into B.comes from C.results in D.begins with【答案与解析】C result in 导致。句意为：我们坚信，战争不能解决任何问题，只会造成暴力。run into 撞上；come from 来自。begins with以开始。21.The disaster took away his family but with a strong will he finally _.A.picked up B.pulled through C.get across D worked out【答案与解析】B pull through 渡

38、过难关。句意为：灾难无情地夺走了他的家人，但是，凭着坚强的意志，他最终渡过了难关。pick up 恢复，派人去接；get across 通过，使被理解；work out 锻炼，计算出。22.This is Spring vacation,so I want to _from homeworkat least for a while.A.come out B.stay up C.turn off D.get away【答案与解析】D get away from 意为：远离，逃脱。句意为：现在是春假期间，我不想做家庭作业，至少一段时间内不想。23.Our football team will co

39、mpete against the Japanese team this evening.Lets go and_,shall we?A.cheer them up B.join them up C.add them up D.pick them up【答案与解析】A 为某人加油用 cheer sb.up。句意为：今晚我们对要和日本队踢比赛，让我们去给他们加油助威吧。24.The sound of the happy laughter _ memories of his childhood.A.called up B.called on C.called for D.called in【答案与

40、解析】A call up 使想起。句意为：幸福的笑声使他想起了童年的记忆。call on 号召；call for 要求；call in 召集，招来。25.The young man invited the lady to dance with him,but she _ his invitation.A.turned around B.turned out C.turned down D.turned away【答案与解析】C turn down 意为：拒绝。句意为：小伙子邀请那位女士和他跳支舞，但是遭到了拒绝。26.He said he wasnt disappointed at the r

41、esult of the final exam，but the look on his face himself .A.gave;up B.gave;off C.gave;out.D.gave;away【答案与解析】D 句意：他说对于考试结果他一点也不失望，但是他脸上的表情泄露了他（的真实感受）。give away 意为：出卖，泄露。27.Most people believe that difficult situations can often _ the best in a person.I cant agree more.A.bring out B.bring up C.bring a

42、bout D.bring in【答案与解析】A bring out 使显示。句意：“绝大部分人认为，困境能够激发一个人最优秀的一面。”“我非常同意你的观点。”bring up 养育；bring about 使发生,致使；bring in 生产，挣得，介绍引进。28.Chen Xiangs singing career _ after his first album was released.A.took up B.took away C.took off D.took on 【答案与解析】C take off(事业的)腾飞。句意为：自从第一张唱片发布以后，Chen Xiang 的歌唱事业开始腾

43、飞了。take up 开始从事；take away 带走，拿走；take on 呈现。29.His injuries are extremely serious,but hes expected to _.A.pull in B.pull through C.pull up D.pull over【答案与解析】B 句意：他的伤势很严重，但有望恢复。pull in驶向路边停下，进站；pull through 恢复健康”；pull up 停下；pull over 停靠在路边。根据语意选 B 项 30.This group of designers a plan for the project of

44、 the company.A.drew up B.sent up C.set up D.turned up【答案与解析】A draw up 草拟或写出。句意为：设计小组为公司的那项工程起草了计划。send up 发射；set up 树立，创立；turn up 调大，现身。31.Next week I will go to a job interview.Will you give me some suggestions?Smiling is a great way to make yourself .A.stand out B.turn out C.work out D.pick out【答案

45、与解析】A stand out 脱颖而出，突出。句意：“下周我要参加工作面试，能给点建议？”“微笑是让你退颖而出的最好的方法。”32.Could you tell me how to _ these problems so that I will be able to adapt to the life in Guiyang?A.do with B.come up with C.agree with D.deal with【答案与解析】D deal with 处理、应对，和 how 连用。句意为：你能告诉我为了适应贵阳的生活，应该如何应对这些问题吗？do with 也有此意，但是要和 what

46、 连用；come up with 提出；agree with 同意、一致。33.Those who continuously acquire new knowledge that they can _ their work are more likely to succeed.A.contribute to B.correspond to C.submit to D.apply to 【答案与解析】D apply to 应用、运用。句意为：那些坚持获得新知识，并能够在工作中运用所学到的知识的人，成功的机会更大。contribute to 为做出贡献；correspond to 与符合、一致；s

47、ubmit to 屈服，服从。34.Todays a red-letter day,which will _ as the greatest day in my life.A.live out B.speak out C.stand out D.give out【答案与解析】C 句意：今天是个喜庆的日子，它将会是我生命中最美好的一天。live out sth.”实现某事”；speak out”公开反对”；stand out(as)”出色”；give out”分发，用完”。根据语意选 C项。35.There are a couple of matters which I want to _ to

48、day for discussion.A.bring up B.set up C.make up D.put up 【答案与解析】A 句意：我今天想提出几个问题供讨论。此处bring up 表示”提出”，符合语意。set up“建立”，make up“编造”，put up“张贴”。36.Dad,the cat refuses to take medicine.It seems to get angry.Oh,really?Its dangerous!_its attack!A.Watch out for B.Look after C.Take care of D.Look out【答案与解析】

49、A watch out for 表示“留意，留心，密切注意”；look after=take care of（照看，照顾）不符合句意；look out 不能接宾语。故选 A 项。37.Dont cheat in the examyoull never _ it.A.keep away from B.stay away from C.get away with D.do away with 【答案与解析】C get away with 逃脱处罚；做了而不受惩罚。句意为：考试不要作弊-你绝不会逃脱惩罚的。keep away from 远离；stay away from 离开；do away wit

50、h废除。38.The good service at the hotel _ the poor food to some degree.A.got rid of B.got on with C.made up for D.made up of【答案与解析】C 句意：宾馆里的良好服务在某种程度上能弥补伙食差的缺陷。get rid of“摆脱”；get on with“继续干”；make up for“弥补”；be made up of“组成”。C 项符合题意。39.The happiest people dont have the best of everything.They just _ e