小升初形容词副词4809.pdf

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1、形容词和副词 一形容词 1.修饰名词，描述其性质、品质、特征等的词。一般“的”的词都是形容词。如：She is a beautiful girl.(漂亮的)在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语。如：I have an interesting book.(interesting有趣的，修饰 book，在句中作定语)We are happy today.(happy快乐的，在句中作表语)Students should keep their classroom clean and tidy.(clean 干净的，tidy 整洁的，在句中都作宾语补足语)多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时的排列顺序 限定词+外观类

2、+形状+年龄+颜色+国籍+材料+名词（简记：县官行令色国才）如：a tall 17-year-old black American boy.一个 17 岁的高个子黑皮肤美国男孩。the big round red wooden table.又大又圆的红色木质饭桌。副词：通常修饰动词，表示动作的程度、方式等。还可修饰形容词、副词，有时修饰整个句子，在句中作状语。一般“地”的词都是副词。如：You must listen to the teacher carefully.(仔细地，认真地)副词的分类 1)时间副词:now,today 等 2）频度副词：always,usually,often,so

3、metimes,seldom,never 2)地点副词：here,there,upstairs,downstairs 等 3)方式副词：carefully,fast,well,politely 等 4)程度副词:much,little,quite 等 5)疑问副词:how,when,where,why 等 形容词转化成副词 一般在形容词后加 ly,如：quick-quickly 以辅音字母+y 结尾的形容词，变 y 为 i,加 ly,如：happy-happily 以 ue 结尾的形容词，去 e 加 ly,如：true-truly 注：有些词兼有形容词和副词的词性，如：fast,hard,hi

4、gh,late,far 等，它们的词性只有通过具体语境来判断。另外，有些以 ly 结尾的词不是副词，而是形容词，如：friendly,lovely lonely,lively 等。形容词和副词的比较级、最高级构成 比较级：两者之间进行比较时形容词和副词的变化形式，如 tall-taller,well-better 最高级：三者或三者以上进行比较时形容词和副词的变化形式，如 long-longest 比较级和最高级的变化规则：规则变化（单音节和少数双音节）：在词尾直接加-er/est,如：short-shorter-shortest 词尾是 e，只加-r/st,如：nice-nicer-nice

5、st 以辅音字母+y 结尾的，变 y 为 i 再加-er/est,如：happy-happier-happiest 重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母，再加-er/est,如：big-bigger-biggest 其他双音节词和多音节词，其前加 more/most,如：more/most delicious 不规则变化：如下表（简记为：好、坏、多、少、远）词义 原级 比较级 最高级 好 good/well better best 坏 bad/badly/ill worse worst 多 many/much more most 少 little less least 远 far

6、farther/further farthest/furthest 五形容词、副词的比较级和最高级用法：1.原级的用法：用于两者之间对比，意思为“和相同”相当于the same as 肯定句：A+动词.+as+形容词/副词原级+as B Tom is as honest as Jack.Jack runs as fast as Peter.否定句：A+动词.+not as/so.+形容词/副词原级+as B This tree is not as/so tall as that one.2.比较级的用法:1）A+动词+形容词/副词比较级+than+B Susan is happier than

7、 Jane.Lily run faster than Mary 注：形容词/副词比较级前还可以用 much,even,still,a little，far,a lot,a bit 来修饰。2）数字（倍数）+形容词/副词比较级+than Im two years older than you.Our classroom is twice bigger than yours.3）比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越”The earth is getting warmer and warmer.4）the+比较级，the+比较级，表示“越,就越”The more,the better.越多越好。（多

8、多益善）3.最高级用法：用于三者及以上的人或事物的比较,最高级前加 the，最高级前有物主代词，序数词和名词所有格时，不加定冠词，后面跟带 in 或 of 表范围的短语。1）one of the+最高级 Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China.2）比较级句型表达最高级意义 A+动词+比较级+than+any other+B(单数)如：The Changjiang River is longer than any other river in China.A+动词+比较级+than+the other+B(复数)如：The Ch

9、angjiang River is longer than the other rivers in China.以上两句意思相当于：The Changjiang River is the longest river in China.随堂演练（满分 100 分）一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级、最高级(23*1 分=23 分)old_ young_ tall_ long_ short_ strong_ big_ small_ fat_ thin_ heavy_ light_ nice_ good_ beautiful_ _ low_ high_ slow_ fast_ late_ early_

10、 far_ well_ 二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：（23*1 分=23 分）1.My brother is two years _(old)than me.2.Tom is as _(fat)as Jim.3.Is your sister _(young)than you Yes,she is.4.Who is _(thin),you or Helen Helen is.5.Whose pencil-box is _(big),yours or hers Hers is.6.Marys hair is as _(long)as Lucys._(jump)_(high)than some

11、of the boys in his class.Nancy sing _(well)than Helen Yes,she _.is not as _(tall)as the other girls.eyes are _(big)than _(she).is _(heavy),the elephant or the pig gets up _(early),Tim or Tom girls get up_(early)than the boysNo,they_.14.Jim runs _(slow).But Ben runs _(slow).child doesnt_(write)as _(f

12、a st)as the students.三、小小翻译家：（62*分=31 分）1、谁比 Jim 年纪大是你。_ is _than Jim _ are.2、谁比 David 更强壮是 Gao Shan._ _ than David Gao Shan _.3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的我想是她的。_ pencil is _,_or_is,I think.4、谁的苹果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的 我的弟弟的。_ apples _ _,your _ or your _ My _ _.5、你和你的叔叔一样高吗是的。_ _as _as your uncleYes,I am.6、他和他的朋友 Jim 一

13、样年轻。He _ as _ as _ _ Jim.7、她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗不，她比他瘦。_ _ as _ as_ twin _ No,_ _ than him.Ling 每天睡得比 SuYang 晚。Yang Ling _ to _ _ than Su Yang every day.9.我跳得和 Mike 一样远。I _ as _ as Mike.比你跑得快吗不是的,他和我跑得一样快。_ Tom _ _ than youNo,he _.He_ as_ as_.11.多做运动，你会更强壮。_ more exercise,youll _ _ soon.12.我的科学很好，但是语文不好。I _

14、 _ at I dont _ well in Chinese.13.你放风筝比王兵放得高吗不，我比他放得低。_you_the kite_than Wang bingNo,I_it _than_.14.我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。I my_ _ _than me.15.我的姐姐起得比我早。My_ _ up _than me.16.女孩比男孩唱得好吗是的。_the girls_ _ _the boys Yes,they _.17.她不擅长体育。但我跳得没有她高。She doesnt _ _ in PE.But I dont _ _than_.18.你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗不，他们踢得

15、和我一样好。_ you _football _than your classmatesNo,they_as_as me.五、选词填空（18*1 分=18 分）1.My sister is getting _.A.fater and fater B.fatter and fatter C.more fatter and fatter D.more and more fatter 2.They are _to us than before.A.friend B.friendly C.more friendly D.friendier 3.Jack is the _ boy _our class.A

16、.tallest.in B.taller.in C.most tall.of D.more tall.of 4.It is not _ warm _ yesterday.Put on more clothes.A.so.on B.so.in C.as.at D.as.as 5.Hangzhou is one of _cities I have visited.A.beautiful B.beauitifulier C.more beautiful D.the most beautiful 6.Both Andy and I drive slowly.Tom drives fast.So Tom

17、 drives _of all.A.slower B.the slowest C.faster D.the fastest 7My sister is a _ girl.Agood Bwell Cvery 8一 Is it your toy taxi 一 No._ its his AMay be BMay CMaybe 9_ are you Im _,thank you AWhat；good BHow；fine CWhat；fine DHow；good 10一 Can you help me _.AYes BExcuse me CCertainly DHow 11The grass aroun

18、d my house is Very_ A.black Bblue Cgreen 12The sky is _.The c1oud is _ Ablue；red Bred；brown Cblue；white 13The child is _ kind Amuch Bvery much Cvery 14一 Could I use your pen，please _.ANo BCertainly CExcuse me 15I _ go to School at 8：00 am Avery Bmuch Coften 16I have an _ doll.Aold beautiful Bbeautif

19、ul o1d Csmall old 17Mr Wang is a _ teacher.A.tall old English B.English old tall C.old tall English 18Oranges are _ Apurple Bblue Corange 课后练习 一、按要求写出下列单词的比较级和最高级 _ _ _ _12.beautiful_ _ _15.delicious _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 二、根据句意，用所给形容词或副词的正确形式填空 works_(hard),but his brother works_(hard)than him.s mu

20、ch_(hot)today than yesterday.3.Mr Smith is the_(rich)man in this office.4.This match is _(exciting)of the three.mother is the _(busy)in my family.6.Beijing is one of the_(beautiful)city in China.7.This book is _(interesting)than that book.8.Which goes_(quick),the bus or the car 9.Look!His hands are_

21、(big)than mine.10.I think you do these things_(well)than your classmates.11.Whose bag is_(heavy),yours or mine 12.Does Jim run as_(slow)as David Yes,but Mike runs _(slow)than them.13.Im very_(thin),but shes_(thin)than me.14.My eyes are _(big)than _(she).25.My brother is two years _(old)than me.三、单项选

22、择题 1.Which subject do you like_,maths or English red rose is _of all flowers.more beautiful most beautiful book is newer than_.is_student in his class.best !The bee_than the bird.higher flying higher high as higher hens are _and fat.biggest knows_about history than most people.was really an_story.ci

23、ty is _from here,Beijing or Shanghai farthest building is _that tree.tall as tall as tall as taller as 五、选择正确的词填空。Sarah is 12 years _(old,older).She is one year _(older,oldest)than I am meter _(taller,tallest)than studies in Guangzhou interational studies the_(harder,hardest)in her likes ,she was took some medicine and she feels _(good,better)now.