全国高考卷理科英语试题及答案638.pdf

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1、 全国高考卷理科英语试题及答案 The document was prepared on January 2,2021 2015 年高考全国卷 2 英语试题及答案 第卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）略 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）A My color television has given me nothing but a headache.I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of

2、 clothes that wouldnt fit.I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model.I realized this a day later,when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy-five dollars less than I had paid.The set worked so beautiful when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations s

3、igned off for the night.Fortunately,I didnt get any channels showing all-night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static(静电)noise.For some reason,when certain shows switched into a commercial,a loud noise would sound for a few se

4、conds.Gradually,this noise began to appear during a show,and to get rid of it,I had to change to another channel and then change it back.Sometimes this technique would not work,and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound.I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉)shaking my set

5、.When neither of these methods removed the static noise,I would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away.At last I ended up hitting the set with my first,and it stopped working altogether.My trip to the repair shop cost me$62,and the sit is working well now,but I keep expecting more trouble.

6、21.Why did the author say he was fooled into buying the TV set A.He got an older model than he had expected.B.He couldnt return it when it was broken.C.He could have bought it at a lower price.D.He failed to find any movie shows on it.22.Which of the following an best replace the phrase“signed off”i

7、n paragraph 1 A.ended all their programs B.provided fewer channels C.changed to commercials D.showed all-night movies 23.How did the author finally get this TV set working again A.By shaking and hitting it B.By turning it on and off C.By switching channels D.By having it repaired 24.How does the aut

8、hor sound when telling the story A.Curious B.Anxious C.Cautious D.Humorous【答案】21.C 22.A 23.D 24.D 词义推测题。根据后一句，幸运的是，我不用整晚上看电影了，否则我不能睡觉了，故选 A。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，可知作者修电视机花了 62 美元，故选 D。推理判断题。根据开头说：没有电视节目就可以睡觉，中间还说晃动电视来锻炼肌肉，可知作者语调幽默。故选 D。考点：故事类短文阅读 B Your house may have an effect on your figure.experts say t

9、he way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off.you can make your environment work for you instead of against you.Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.Open the curtains and turn up the lights.dark environments are more like

10、ly to encourage overeating,for people are often less self-conscious(难为情)when theyre in poorly lit places and so more likely to eat lots of food.If your home doesnt have enough window light,get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.Mind the colors.Research suggests warm colors fuel our appet

11、ites.In one study,people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room.Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing,while cold colors make us less hungry.So when its time to repaint,go blue.Dont forget the clock or the radio.People who eat slowl

12、y tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里)per meal than those who rush through their meals.Begin keeping track of the time,and try to make dinner last at 30 minutes.And while youre at it,actually sit down to eat.If you need some help slowing down,turning on relaxing music.It makes you less likel

13、y to rush through a meal.Downsize the dishes.Big serving bowls and plants can easily makes us fat.We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate.When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one,total intake(摄入)jumps by 14 percent.And well pour about 30 percent more

14、 liquid into a short,wide glass than a tall,skinny glass.25.The text is especially helpful for those who care about _.A.their home comforts B.their body shape C.house buying D.healthy diets 26.A home environment in blue can help people _.A.digest food better B.reduce food intake C.burn more calories

15、 D.regain their appetites 27.What are people advised to do at mealtimes A.Eat quickly.B.Play fast music C.Use smaller spoons D.Turn down the lights can be a suitable title for the text A.Is Your House Making You Fat B.Ways of Serving Dinner C.Effects of Self-Consciousness D.Is Your Home Environment

16、Relaxing【答案】25.B 26.B 27.C 28.A 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话 in one study,.可知在蓝色的房间内人吃的相对较少。推理判断题。最后一段介绍，要想少吃，要用小碗小勺，前面介绍说到，吃得快，房间暗会增加饮食，放舒缓的音乐有助于减少饮食的速度和进食量。故选 C。主旨大意题。根据开头的后文可知，本文就房间的布置给那些想减肥的人士提了一些建议。所以选 A 可以更好地概括全文。考点：科普类短文阅读 C More students than ever before are taking a gap year(间隔年)before going to universi

17、ty.It used to be the“year off”between school and university.The gap-year phenomenon originated(起源)with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year.This year,25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institu

18、tions have put off their entry until next year,according to statistics on university entrance provided by the University and College Admissions Service(UCAS).That is a record%increase in the number of students taking a gap year.Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyo

19、ne in higher education.“Students who take a well-planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with,and complete,their chosen course.Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible,”he said.But not everyone is happy.Owain James,the president of the National Union of Students(NU

20、S),argued that the increase is evidence of student hardship young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education.“New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to15,000 in debt.It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap yea

21、r to earn money to support their study for the degree.NUS statistics show that over 40%of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90%during vacating periods,”he said.29.What do we learn about the gap year from the text A.It is flexible in length.B.It is a time for re

22、laxation C.It is increasingly popular D.It is required by universities 30.According to Tony Higgins.students taking a gap year _.A.are better prepared for college studies B.know a lot more about their future job C.are more likely to leave university in debt D.have a better chance to enter top univer

23、sities 31.How does Owain James feel about the gap-year phenomenon A.Hes puzzled B.Hes worried C.Hes surprised D.Hes annoyed would most students do on their vacation according to NUS statistics A.Attend additional courses.B.Make plans for the new term C.Earn money for their education D.Prepare for th

24、eir graduate studies【答案】29.C 30.A 31.B 32.C 细节理解题。由人名定位到短文第三段。第三段在说它的优点，有间隔年之后再去上大学，会让人更成熟有责任感，对大学的学习有帮助。故选 A。考点：社会社会类短文阅读 D Choose Your One-Day-Tours!Tour A-Bath&Stonehenge:including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge-37 until 26 March and 39 thereafter.Visit the city with

25、over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey,the Royal Crescent and the Costume Museum,Stonehenge is one of the worlds most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years.Tour B-Oxford&Startford including entrance fees to the University St Marys Church Tower and Anne Hathaways-32 until 12 M

26、arch and 36 thereafter Oxford:Includes a guided tour of Englands oldest university city and colleges.Look over the city of dreaming spires(尖顶）from St Marys Church Tower.Stratford:Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.Tour C-Windsor Castle&Hampton Court including entrance fe

27、es to Hampton Court Palace-34 until 11 March and 37 thereafter.Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court,Henry VILLs favorite palace.Free time to visit Windsor Castle(entrance fees not included).With 500 years of history,Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen.Now this

28、former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction.Visit the palace and its various historic gardens,which include the famous maze(迷宫)where it is easy to get lost!Tour D-Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great-33 until 18 March and 37 thereafter.In

29、cludes a guided tour of Cambridge,the famous university town,and the gardens of the 18th century.33.Which tour will you choose if you want to see Englands oldest university city A.Tour A B.Tour B C.Tour C D.Tour D 34.Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March A.Windsor Castle&Ha

30、mpton Court B.Oxford&Stratford C.Bath&Stonehenge D.Cambridge 35.Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction A.It used to be the home of royal families B.It used to be a well-known maze C.It is the oldest palace in Britain D.It is a world-famous castle【答案】33.B 34.D 35.A 细节理解题。根据每一部分的价格介绍：Tour A 到

31、 3 月 17 日为37，Tour B 为36，Tour C 为37，Tour D 为33，故选 D。细节理解题。根据 Hampton was once the home of four Kings and one Queen 判断答案为 A。考点：广告类短文阅读。第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady,gradual increases in the length of

32、the runs.36 ,buy the best-fitting running shoes you can find.No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet,so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.When you have found shoes that seem right,walk in them for a few days to double-che

33、ck the fit.37 .As always,you should stretch(伸展)at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.During the first week,do not think about distance,but run five minutes longer each day.38 ,it is wise to take a day off to rest.But during the next week,set a goal of at least a mile and a half pe

34、r run.39 .After two weeks,start timing yourself.40 .Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter,you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.A.After six days B.For a good marathon runner C.Before you begin your training D.With each day,increase the distance by a half mile E

35、.If they still feel good,you can begin running in them F.Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training G.Now you are ready out a goal of improving distance and time【答案】36.C 37.E 38.A 39.D 40.G 37.E考查对上下文的理解。上文提到：穿着鞋走走路以确保合适，下文提到跑。所以这里应该说如果穿着的感觉很好，就可以跑了。故选 E。38.A 考查对上下文的理解。上文提到练习的第一周怎么做，下

36、文提到第二周，所以这里应该是练习一周后稍做休息，一周是 6 天，故选 A。39.D 考查对上下文的理解。这里在讨论逐渐加长跑步的距离，每天增加一定的距离才合理，故选 D。40.G 考查对上下文的理解。最后是提速。在规定的距离内如何训练自己跑得快。这样才能参加比赛。故选 G。考点：生活类短文阅读。第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 15 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A,B,C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Where do you go when you want to l

37、earn something School A friend A tutor These are all 41 places of learning.But it may well be that the learning you really want 42 somewhere else instead.I had the 43 of seeing this first hand on a 44 .My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team.They did well this season and so 45 a tournament,w

38、hich normally was only for more skilled club teams.This led to some 46 experiences on Saturday as they played against teams 47 trained.Through the first two games,her 48 did not get one serious shot on goal.As a parent,I 49 seeing my daughter playing her best,50 still defeated.It seemed that somethi

39、ng clicked with the 51 between Saturday and Sunday.When they 52 for their Sunday game,they were 53 different.They had begun to integrate(融合)the kinds of play and teamwork they had 54 the day before into their 55 .They played aggressively and 56 scored a goal.It 57 me that playing against the other t

40、eam was a great 58 moment for all the girls on the team.I think it is a general principle.59 is the best teacher.The lessons they learned may not be 60 what they would have gotten in school,but are certainly more personal and meaningful,because they had to work them out on their own.41.A.public B.tr

41、aditional C.official D.special 42.A.passes B.works C.lies D.ends 43.A.dream B.idea C.habit D.chance 44.A.trip B.holiday C.weekend D.square 45.A.won B.entered C.organized D.watched 46.A.painful B.strange C.common D.practical 47.A.less B.poorly C.newly D.better 48.A.fans B.tutors C.class D.team 49.A.i

42、magined B.hated C.avoided D.missed 50.A.if B.or C.but D.as 51.A.girls B.parents C.coaches D.viewers 52.A.dressed B.showed up C.made up D.planned 53.A.slightly B.hardly C.basically D.completely 54.A.seen B.known C.heard D.read 55.A.styles B.training C.game D.rules 56.A.even B.still C.seldom D.again 5

43、7.A.confused B.struck C.reminded D.warned 58.A.touching B.thinking C.encouraging D.learning 59.A.Experience B.Independence C.Curiosity D.Interest 60.A.harmful to B.mixed with C.different from D.applied to【答案】41.B 42.C 43.D 44.C 45.B 46.A 47.D 48.D 49.B 50.C 51.A 52.B 53.D 54.A 55.C 56.A 57.B 58.D 59

44、.A 60.C 42.C 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A.passes 传递；B.works 起作用；C.lies 在于；D.ends 结束。本句应该分析句子结构：the learning 后是定语从句 you really want，所以这里所填的是做谓语的动词。真正想要的学习却不在上述的这些地方，在其他的地方。故选 C。43.D 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A.dream 梦想；B.idea 想法；C.habit 习惯；D.chance 机会。我有机会看到了这样的学习。44.C 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A.trip 旅行；B.holiday 假期；C.weekend 周末；D.square

45、广场。从下文的周六的比赛会很艰苦和 It seemed that something clicked with the 51 between Saturday and Sunday.可知，是周末发生的事。45.B 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A.won 赢；B.entered 进入；C.organized 组织；D.watched 观看。从下文可知，女儿所在的足球队打得好所以进入了锦标赛。46.A 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A.painful 痛苦的；B.strange 奇怪的；C.common 普通的；D.practical 实用的。由语境可知，对手比作者女儿的队 better traine

46、d，可以推断这将是一场痛苦的比赛。47.D 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A.less 少于；B.poorly 差的；C.newly 新的；D.better更好的。根据常识可知，进入锦标赛的一般都是训练更好的队伍。48.D 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A.fans 粉丝；B.tutors 教练；C.class 班；D.team 队。根据上下文可知，是女儿所在的足球队没进球得分。49.B 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A.imagined 想象；B.hated 不喜欢；C.avoided 避免；D.missed 想念，错过。作为家长，一般都不会喜欢看自己的孩子尽力了，又要输。50.C 考查连词以及对语境的

47、理解。A.if 如果；B.or 或者；C.but 但是；D.as因为。根据上文可知，没进球，自己的孩子尽力了却要输，这是作为家长所不愿意看到的。51.A 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A.girls 女孩；B.parents 家长；C.coaches教练；D.viewers 观众。本文一直在说女儿，当然应该是说女孩子们的变化。52.B 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A.dressed 给穿衣服；B.showed up 出现；C.made up编造；D.planned 计划。从下文可知，周日和周六的表现完全不同。53.D 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A.slightly 轻微地；B.hardly 几乎不；

48、C.basically 基本地；D.completely 完全地；根据后面文章可知，这些孩子们表现和之前完全不同，completely 符合语境。54.A 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A.seen 看；B.known 知道；C.heard 听到；D.read 读。她们把她们所看到的球队的打法运用到自己的比赛中。55.C 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A.styles 风格；B.training 训练；C.game 比赛；D.rules 规则。她们把前一天在赛场上看到的打法和团队精神运用到自己的赛场上。所以才和以前不同。59.A考查名词以及对语境的理解。A.Experience 经历；B.Indepe

49、ndence 独立；C.Curiosity 好奇；D.Interest 兴趣。结合全文的意思可知，经历是最好的老师。60.C 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A.harmful to 对有伤害；B.mixed with 混合；C.different from 不同；D.applied to 应用于。亲身体验得到的东西和在学校里学到的可能不同，但是更有个性有意义。考点：教育类短文阅读。第卷 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第二节（共 10 小题，每小题分，满分 15 分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。The adobe dwellings(土

50、坯房)61（build）by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62 most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty,what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 63 (able)to“air condition”a house without 64 (use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe tak