王长喜老师专四阅读周计划第四周星期一12828.pdf

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1、 学英语 找长喜 1 星期 1 Monday What makes life dreary is the want of motive.没有了原动力，生活便会沉郁无光。学习内容 题 材 词 数 建议时间 错误统计 做题备忘 Text A 日常生活类 377 7 分钟/6 Text B 体育人物类 539 6 分钟/4 Text C 语言探索类 462 6 分钟/5 Text D 社会制度类 418 6 分钟/5 今日练习 Text A In America,the movement of housing away from the high-rise buildings of the inne

2、r cities originated in the 1920s,but was stalled by the Great Depression of the 1930s and by World War II.After the war a tremendous surge occurred in the real estate market with the advent of single-family homes on relatively small lots typically less than one-tenth of an acre.During the 1950s,many

3、 large tract developments invade former farmlands near metropolitan areas.The most dramatic instances of this sprawling effect were witnessed in western municipalities such as San Joes and San Diego whose city charters defined their boundaries over several hundred square kilometers.These large parce

4、ls of land were overrun by standard three bedrooms,two baths,and“ranch-style”home in a few short decades.By the 1960s construction had died down significantly and developers began building different kinds of plans to try and accommodate the changes in the market.Those who had taken advantage of the

5、suburbanization trend in the post-war years had seen the value of their real estate increase dramatically and many were anxious to reinvest their assets.In an effort to reap this affluence,certain contractors moved away from the standard models and began designing larger buildings on increasingly sp

6、acious parcels even farther from city centers.Other builders began working on homes to meet the needs of young couples starting new families.The townhouse,a two-to-three-storey brick and frame structure containing more than 4 but less than 30 units per structure,was seen as the solution.These apartm

7、ents were successful in luring many young adult city dwellers out to the suburbs.In subsequent development,traditional single family ranch-style designs continued to be embraced,but new forms were also introduced:the condominium,a single-family attached dwelling,such as the triplex and fourplex,thre

8、e-and-four-family structures;and prefabs,which have become significantly more popular during the last 20 years owing to their low cost and ease of construction.The prefabs have the additional distinction of being mobile.It is not uncommon to see semi-trailers hauling these modular living units along

9、 the freeways to remote destinations.In a very real sense,this phenomenon marks the cutting edge of suburbanization:a move out of the traditional suburbs and into areas that were formally considered wilderness.1.According to the passage,the large population increases in San Diego and San Jose were d

10、ue to A proximity to the coast.B excellent year-round weather.C increased employment in the areas.D large areas surrounding metropolitan areas.2.Which of the following is Not true about“ranch-style”homes?学英语 找长喜 2 A They were firsth introduced in San Joes and San Diego.B They have two baths.C They h

11、ave been replaced by prefabs.D They have three bedrooms.3.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to this passage?A The urbanization trend was partly caused by the war and economic depression.B In the 1960s,the townhouse was popular especially with young couples.C People living in cities

12、 have become fewer as the urbanization trend goes on.D People would move out of cities for better job opportunities.4.Which of the following was NOT true about the prefabs?A They were cheap and easy to construct.B They could be moved from one place to another.C They served as a replacement for the t

13、raditional suburban houses.D They became popular after the 1960s.5.What does the author imply about future housing development?A All housing will be mobilized.B It will slow down as the economy falters.C The move towards suburbs has come to an end.D It will continue to move away from the city center

14、s.6.What is the best title for the passage?A Real-estate finance.B Suburban housing.C Construction techniques.D Population increase.Text B When Michael Phelps was 16,he struck a deal with his mother.An endorsement contact with Speedo had made him a good bit wealthier than the average Baltimore teena

15、ger,and Debbie Phelps wanted to instill a sense of financial prudence in her son.The young swimmer had just bought himself a gray 2000 Cadillac Escalade SUV used,not new and now he wanted to trick it up in the style of the hip-hop M.C.s he idolized.Debbie didnt object,but she had terms:for every wor

16、ld record Michael broke,he could add one outrageously unnecessary equipment to his car.It seemed like a smart bargain.After all,its hard to break world records.Isnt it?In three years,the car has become a great,blinking monument to Phelpss dominance in the water.On a March morning,he is driving to br

17、eakfast and trying to recall which toy was purchased on the heels of which record.Its tough keeping all 11 of them straight.Anyway,the deal is off.It was a nice idea,but how could Debbie have predicted that her son,a kid who was afraid to put his face in the water as a 6-year-old,would become the wo

18、rlds greatest swimmer since Mark Spitz?Theres little chance he wont.Phelps will head to Athens as a top U.S.qualifier in three different disciplines:individual medley,butterfly and freestyle.Such versatility is unheard of in an era when kids begin specializing at the age of 12.Then again,Phelps has

19、never been like the other kids.The 19-year-old is a willowy 6 feet 4 inches,“but his legs,compared to his torso,are short,”says his coach Bob Bowman.“Thats a good swimming attribute because your body rides like a boat on the water.The longer the hull,the faster it goes.”Then there are his freak-of-n

20、ature traits,such as his elbows,which hyperextend a good 10 degrees past level,and his serpentine toes,which are,in a word,gross.学英语 找长喜 3 Mentally,Phelps is hard-wired for greatness.Like most transcendent athletes,he has an endless appetite for training he swims even on Christmas Day and a preterna

21、tural calm.But greatness isnt enough for him.He wants to be the Tiger Woods of swimming,a brand name capable of lifting an entire sport.Phelpss tastes are pure hip-hop he can quote Chappelles Show and rapper Kanye West verbatim,and he rarely leaves home without his throwback Baltimore Orioles baseba

22、ll cap.But his personality swings the opposite way.He laughs constantly.He is cocky but never provocative.Though hes still a relative beginner in the international spotlight,Phelps has already mastered the fine art of bland,post-race athlete speech.During a press conference last month following one

23、victory at the Olympic trials,he served up this gem:“Its one step and Im just taking it one step at a time,so hopefully well be able to take that next step.”After the Athens games,Phelps will join Bowman at the University of Michigan,where the coach will take over the mens swimming team this fall.Th

24、e two have become uncommonly close;Phelps says Bowman is“like a big brother”,which might explain why their relationship seems rooted in loving antagonism.7.Debbie Phelps made a deal with her son in order to A live on their low income.B encourage him to break world records.C develop his ability to ma

25、nage money matters.D help him get out of the habit of spending freely.8.According to the passage,which of the following statements is NOT true?A The hip-hop M.C.s are Phelpss idols.B Like Tiger Woods,Phelps is a versatile swimmer.C Phelps is one of the worlds greatest swimmers since Mark Spitz.D Phe

26、lps often wears his throwback Baltimore Orioles baseball cap.9.What Phelps said at a press conference indicates that A he is a skilled speaker.B he is a talkative man.C he is nervous of speaking in public.D he is clumsy in expressing himself.10.It can be concluded from the passage that A Phelps was

27、born to be a good swimmer.B Phelps should owe his success to his mother.C Phelps was lucky to be discovered by Bowman.D Phelpss success should be attributed to his gift and diligence.Text C Is language,like food,a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of life can be starved and

28、 damaged?Judging from the drastic experiment of Frederick II in the thirteenth century it may be.Hoping to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue,he told the nurses to keep silent.All the infants died before the first year.But clearly there was more than language dep

29、rivation here.What was missing was good mothering.Without good mothering,in the first year of life especially,the capacity to survive is seriously affected.Today no such drastic deprivation exists as ordered by Frederick.Nevertheless,some 学英语 找长喜 4 children are still backward in speaking.Most often

30、the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to the cues and signals of the infant,whose brain is programmed to mop up language rapidly.There are critical times,it seems,when children learn more rapidly.If these sensitive periods are neglected,the ideal time for acquiring skills passes and

31、they might never be learned so easily again.A bird learns to sing and to fly rapidly at the right time,but the process is slow and hard once the critical stage has passed.Linguistics suggest that speech milestones are reached in a fixed sequence and at a constant age,but there are cases where speech

32、 has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ.At twelve weeks a baby smiles and utters vowel-like sounds;at twelve months he can speak simple words and understand simple commands;at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of three to fifty words.At three he knows about 1000 word

33、s which he can put into sentences,and at four his language differs from that of his parents in style rather than grammar.Recent evidence suggests that an infant is born with the capacity to speak.What s special about man s brain,compared with that of the monkey,is the complex system which enables a

34、child to connect the sight and feel of,say,a teddy bear with the sound pattern teddy bear.And even more incredible is the young brain s ability to pick out an order in language from the babble around him,to analyze,to combine and recombine the parts of a language in novel ways.But speech has to be t

35、riggered,and this depends on interaction between the mother and the child,where the mother recognizes the cues and signals in the child s babbling,clinging,grasping,crying,smiling,and responds to them.Insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls the interaction because the child gets discourag

36、ed and sends out only the obvious signals.Sensitivity to the child s non-verbal cues is essential to the growth and development of language.11.The purpose of Frederick s experi ment was A to discover how a child acquires a language.B to prove that a child could be damaged without learning a language

37、.C to find out what role careful nursing would play in teaching a child to speak.D to discover what language a child would speak without hearing any human speech.12.Why was Frederick IIs experiment“drastic”?A He went too far in his experiment on infants.B He was unkind to the nurses who tended the i

38、nfants.C He wanted to discover how a child acquires a language.D He wanted to see if the children would die before one year old.13.The reason why some children are backward in speaking is that A they do not listen carefully to their mothers.B their brains have to absorb too much language at once.C t

39、heir mothers do not respond adequately to their attempts to speak.D their mothers are not quick enough to find out their expressions.14.If a child starts to speak later than others,he will A be less intelligent.B have a high IQ in the future.C be insensitive to verbal signals.D not necessarily be ba

40、ckward in the future.15.What will happen if the mother does not respond to her childs signals?A The child will stop giving out signals.学英语 找长喜 5 B The child will make little effort to speak.C The child will invent a language of its own.D The child will never be able to speak properly.Text D A hundre

41、d years ago it was assumed and scientifically“proved”by economists that the laws of society make it necessary to have a vast army of poor and jobless people in order to keep the economy going.Today,hardly anybody would dare to voice this principle.It is generally accepted that nobody should be exclu

42、ded from the wealth of nation,either by the laws of nature or by those of society.The opinions,which were current a hundred years ago,that the poor owed their conditions to their ignorance and lack of responsibility,are outdated.In all Western industrialized countries,a system of insurance has been

43、introduced which guarantees everyone a minimum of subsistence in case of unemployment,sickness and old age.I would go one step further and argue that,even if these conditions are not present,everyone still has to receive the means to subsist,in other words,he can claim his subsistence minimum withou

44、t having to have any“reason”.I would suggest,however,that it should be limited to a definite period of time,lets say two years,so as to avoid the encouragement of an abnormal attitude which refuses any kind of social obligation.This may sound like a fantastical proposal,just as,I think,our insurance

45、 system would have sounded to people a hundred years ago.The main objection to such a scheme would be that if each person were entitled to receive minimum support,people would not work.This assumption rests on the fallacy of the inherent laziness in human nature;actually,aside from abnormally lazy p

46、eople,there would be very few who would not want to earn more than the minimum,and who would prefer to do nothing rather than work.However,the suspicions against a system of guaranteed subsistence minimum are not groundless from the standpoint of those who want to use ownership of capital for the pu

47、rpose of forcing others to accept the work conditions they offer.If nobody were forced to accept work in order not to starve,work would have to be sufficiently interesting and attractive in order to induce one to accept it.Freedom of contract is possible only if both parties are free to accept and r

48、eject it;in the present capitalist system this is not the case.But such a system would not only be the beginning of real freedom of contract between employers and employees,its principal advantage would be the improvement of freedom in interpersonal relationships in every sphere of daily life.16.Peo

49、ple used to think that poverty and unemployment were due to A the slow development of the economy.B the poor and jobless peoples own fault.C the lack of responsibility on the part of society.D the large number of people who were not well educated.17.The author argues that a system of social insuranc

50、e should A provide benefits for the sick,old and unemployed.B encourage people to take on more social obligations.C guarantee everyone the right to be employed.D provide everyone with the right to a minimum subsistence for a certain period.18.According to the author,a system of guaranteed subsistenc