2022年现在完成时及现在完成进行时讲解及练习.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 一. 现在完成时的构成:精品资料欢迎下载现在完成时由助动词havehas+动词的过去分词构成；has 用于第三人称单数,have用于其他各种人称 . 二. 现在完成时的用法 : 其用法主要有三种I. “ 已完成” 用法 :表示一个过去发生并终止的动作对现在造成的影响或结果；这一类情形可以细致分为下述两种情形； 1）表示开头于过去的动作刚刚终止；常和 等不确定的时间状语连用；just,now,already,yet,not yet Li Ming has just turned off the light. 李明刚刚把灯关上；（说明现在灯关上了）

2、Ive finished my homework now. 现在我已经做完作业了； （说明可以交作业或做 别的了）2）表示过去动作的结果,现在仍残留着；一般不用时间状语；I have lost my pen. 我把笔丢了； （说明过去某时丢的, 现在我仍没找到这支笔）She has become a teacher. 她已经当了老师；（说明她现在仍是老师）II. “ 未完成” 用法；表示动作或状态从过去某时开头,连续到现在,可能连续下去,也可能刚刚终止；常和表示一段时间的状语连用；如today,this week（month）,lately,recently,these days,in the

3、 past few days,during the last two weeks,since,since yesterday,since 2 days ago,since 1991,for a long time,for a month,so far,up to now,till （until ） now 等；He has lived here for 30 years. 他住在这儿三十年了；（现在仍住在这儿）Theyve known each other since childhood. 他们从小彼此相识；（现在仍在往来） How long have you studied English？

4、 你学英语多久了？（现在仍在学） III. 体会性用法 :表示从过去开头到目前为止这段时间中反复发生的动作或多 次显现的状态；常与频度副词如 often,always,every week,twice等连用；I have been to the Summer Palace twice. 我曾经去过颐和园两次；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载He has always said so.他总是这么说 . 三. 现在完成时的时间状语I 现在完成时属于现在时范畴, 故不能和过去的时间状语连用； 如：ye

5、sterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago 等；但是,在强调动作产生的后果和影响时,可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用；a. 用副词 already和 yet；already一般用于确定句中, yet 一般用于否定句和疑问句中；如： We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了；They havent finished their homework yet.他们仍没有完成作业；b. 用 ever 和 never.多用于否定或疑问句中,表示“曾经”或“ 从未“等；如： -Have you ever been

6、 to the Great Wall.你曾经去过长城吗 . -I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城；c. 用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语,如 years等；just, before, up to now, the past few 例如： I have seen her before,but I can not remember where. 我以前见过她,但记不起在哪里见过；He has been there three times the last few days. 近几天他去过那里三次了；d. 用包括 “现在 ”在内的时间状语,如now

7、,today,this morningmonth,year,term等；例如：-Have you met him today.-No,I havent. 今日你见过他吗？我没有；How many times have you been there this year. 今年你去过那里多少次？II 短暂性动词不能和表一段时间的时间状语连用；如：come, go, arrive, reach, hear, close, leave, begin, start, lose, buy, fall, join, die, get up等；但假如要保留表 一段时间的时间状语,必需将动词改为连续性动词；现归

8、纳总结一下由非连续性动词到连续性动词的转换名师归纳总结 如：fall asleep ill asleep ill be on第 2 页,共 10 页get to know know begin,startopen be open buy have- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载get up be up die be deadgo out be out come be in close be closed arrivebe herejoin be in, be a + 名词 finish end be overleave, move

9、be away, borrow keepgo to schoolbe a stu catcha cold havea coldbegin to studystudy come back be backput on wear 或 be on 如：He has been a soldier for three years. 他参军三年了；His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了；The film has been on for 5 minutes.电影已开头五分钟了；We have studied English for three years

10、. 我们（开头）学英语已三年了；四. 几点留意事项I . have beento与 have gone to的区分：have beento表示“去过某地（现在已经回来了）” ,可用于各人称；have goneto表示 “去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）”,常用于第三人称,前者可与 once ,never,several times等连用,后者就不能；如： They have been to Beijing twice.他们去过北京两次；He has gone to Beijing . 他去北京了；II .不行连续性动词现在完成时的否定式,以和表示一段时间的状语连用；已变成一种可以连续的状态, 因

11、此可如： I havent left here since 1997.自从 1997 年以来,我始终没有离开过这儿；（错） I have received his letter for a month. （对） I havent received his letter for almost a month. 练习 一.用 since和 for 填空1._two years 2._two years ago 名师归纳总结 3._last month 4._ 1999 第 3 页,共 10 页5._yesterday 6._ 4 oclock7 4 hours 8._an hour ago - -

12、 - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载9._we were children 11._ she left here10._ lunch time 12. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last. 13. Ive known him _ we were children.14. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years. 15. She has been away from the city _ about ten years. s abou

13、t ten years _ she left the city. 16. It二.单项挑选；1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _whats happened to him . A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know 2、He has _ been to Shanghai , has he . A. already B.never C.ever D.still 3、Have you met Mr Li _？A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago 4、The

14、 famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . A. is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written 5、Our country _ a lot so far . Yes . I hope it will be even _ . A.has changed ; well B.changed ; good C.has changed ; better D.changed ; better 6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . A

15、. was ; studying B. will ; study C. has ; studied D. are ; studying 7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew 8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . A.will see B.have seen C.saw D.see 9、These farmers have been to the United States . Really . W

16、hen _ there . A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone 10、_ you _ your homework yet . Yes . I _ it a moment ago . A.Did ; do ; finished B.Have ; done ; finished C.Have ; done ; have finished D.will ; do ; finish 11、His father _ the Party since 1978 . 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共

17、 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A. joined B. has joined 精品资料欢迎下载D. has been in C. was in 12、Do you know him well . Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made 13、How long have you _ here . About two months . A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived 14、Hurry up.

18、The play _ for ten minutes . A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began 15、It _ ten years since he left the army . A. is B. has C. will D. was 16、 Miss Green isnt in the office . she_ to the library . A.has gone B. went C.will go D. has been 17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years . A. have be

19、en in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been 18.The students have cleaned the classroom, . A. so they B. don t they C. have they D. haven t they19、has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China. A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived 20.When h

20、e arrived at the bus stop, the bus _ for 20 minutes. A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away 21.The factory _ since the February of 1988. A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened 22.Mary and Rose _friends since they met in 2000. A. have made B. have been C. made D. hav

21、e become 23.You mustnt_ until he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left 24.The meeting _ for a week now. A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over 25.Miss Gao _ this school for nearly 5 years. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载A. has been in B. has come to C.

22、has taught 26.Ben _ a teacher for 4 years . A. has been B. has become C. was D. became 27. I _ home for a week. A. have returned B. have been back C. returned 三.用 never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空 1. I have _ seen him before, so I have no idea about him. 2. Jack has _ finished his homewo

23、rk. 3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school _ ten years. 4. “ Have you _ seen the film.”“ No, I have _ seen it.”5. “ Has the bus left _.”“ Yes, it has _ left.”四.用适当的时态填空：1.She s _ live here ever since she was ten.2.Both of them _ be in Hongkong for ten days. 3.Both of them _ come to Hongkong ten days

24、ago. 4. Half an hour _ pass since the train _ leave. 5. Mary_lose her pen. _ you _see it here and there. 6. _ you _ find your watch yet. 7. -Are you thirsty. -No I _just _ have some orange. 8. We already _ return the book. 9. _ they _ build a new school in the village. 10. I _not finish my homework

25、. Can you help me. 11. My father _ read the novel twice. 12. I _ buy a book just now. 13. I _ lost my watch yesterday. 14. My father _ read this book since yesterday. 五、划线提问1 I have been there for two days. _ _ _ you _ _ . 2 My father has lived here since 2000. _ _ _ your father _ _. 3 He left here

26、yesterday. _ _ he _ _. 4 They bought a book two hours ago. _ _ they _ a book 六.翻译以下句子：1.你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载2. 我刚刚丢了我的化学书；3. 我以前从来没去过那个农场；4. 他已经吃过午饭 . 5. 你已经看过这部电影了吗？6. 我哥哥仍没回来；7.这本字典我已买了三年了；8.他离开中国三年了；9.我熟悉他们五年了；现在完成进行时1 定义:现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间

27、开头,仍要连续下去；始终连续到现在, 可能2 现在完成进行时的构成:现在完成进行时是由“ have/has+been+ 动词的现在分词”构成3 现在完成进行时的基本句型确定式 I/We have been working. 疑问式 Have you been working？简略回答 Yes,I/we have. No,I/we havent. 确定式 He/She/It has been working. 疑问式 Has he/she/it been working？简略回答 Yes,he/she/it has. No,he/she/it hasnt. 4 现在完成时的用法1）在强调指出动作

28、仍未终止, 仍要连续下去； 如：Ive been reading this book for two hours,but I havent finished it. 这本书我已读了两个小时了, 但我仍没读完；Ive read this book.我已读完这本书了；2）强调动作连续时间的长期或带感情颜色；She has always been working like that.她一贯是这样工作的；3）现在完成进行时也可表示现在以前这段时间反复发生的事情；Weve been seeing quite a lot of each other recently. 最近我们常常见面；5 现在完成时和现

29、在完成进行时的区分名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载1）现在完成进行时更强调动作的连续性 Weve been living here for ten years. ,它是现在完成时的强调形式； 试比较：Weve lived here for ten years.我们在这儿已经住了十年了；2）在不用时间状语的情形下,现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行；而现在完成时就表示动作在过去已终止；如：The students have been preparing for the exam.（仍在进行）同学们始终

30、在预备考试；The students have prepared for the exam.（已经终止）同学们为考试作了预备；3）有些表示状态, 感情,感觉的动词如： have,exist,like,hate,hear,know,sound等动词不能用于现在完成进行时,但可用于现在完成时；如：Theyve known each other since 1970.自从 1970 年起他们就相互熟悉了；练习 : 1.Mr Li swimming for 3 hours, and his son an hour ago. A.has been, started B.have started, has

31、 started C.started, started D. Has started, has started 2.-How long you stamps. -Since two years ago. A.have, collect B.have, been collecting C.did, collect D.are, collecting 3.She had a headache because she too long. She ought to shop. A.has been reading B.had read C.is reading D.read 4.The boy TV

32、all the morning. A.has watched B.had watched C.has been watching D.watched 5.- have you been learning to swim. -Half a year. A.How long B. How often C.How far D.When 6.Our teacher has been teaching in this school for . A.two year and a half C.two years and half B.two and a half year D.two and a half

33、 years 名师归纳总结 7.He it for two hours, and hes still watching now. D.is watching 第 8 页,共 10 页A.has been watched B.watching C.has been watching - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载现在完成时态练习题答案一翻译以下句子：1. Have you ever had / eaten fish and chips. 2. I have just lost my chemistry book. 3. I have

34、 never been to the farm before. 4. He has already had lunch = He has had lunch already. 5. Have you seen the movie yet. 6. My brother hasnt come /get / been back yet My brother hasnreturned yet. 7. I have had this dictionary for three years / since three years ago. 8. Has been away from China for th

35、ree years. 9.I have known them for five years. 10. They have been in the USA for five years. 11. He has been here since he moved to Jining. 12. My sister has been a college student for three years = My sister has been in college for three years. 13. They have known each other since 1999. 14. I have

36、been in this school for over three years. 二、用 since或者 for 填空1. for 2. since 3. since 4. since 5. since 16. since6. since 7. for 8 since 9.since 10. since 11. since 12.since 13. since 14.for 15.for 四、划线提问 1. How long have, been there 2. How long has , lived here 3. When did , leave here 4. When did ,

37、 buy 五、用 havehas been 或 havehas gone 填空；A: Where has Li Fei gone. B: He has gone to Hainan Island. A: How long has he been there. B: He has been there for three days. A: When will he come back, do you know. B: Im afraid he wont come back recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island. B: Sor

38、ry, I have never been there. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载A: How many times has Li Fei been to that place. B: He has been there only once. 六、用 have / has been to / in, have gone to及 go 的各种形式填空；1. has gone to 2. went to 3. has been in 4. have , been in 5. have bee

39、n in 6. Have , been to ; have been 7. have been in / at 8. has gone to 9. did go ; went 10. go ; have been 11. are , going ; am going 12. goes 13. Did , go 14. Do , go 七、综合练习 : 1. never 2. just , already 3. for 4. ever, never 5. yet , just / already 八. 用适当的时态填空：1. lived / has been living 2. have been 3. went 4. has passed ; left 5. has lost ; have , seen 6. Have , found 7. have , had 8. have , returned 9. Have , built 10. havent finished11. has read 12. bought 13. lost 14. have been reading / has read 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 10 页