2022年初中语法名词所有格练习及讲解.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载名词全部格及练习讲解是名词的语法范畴之一；它是名词和代词的一种变化形式,在句中表示与其它词的关系；名词有三个格：主格、宾格和全部格；在英语中有些名词可以加“ 来表示全部关系,带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的全部格,如：a teacher s book；它有两种不同的形式：一、在名词尾加 s；the 主要表示有生命的事物或自然界独一无二的某些空间和时间名词的全部格,如world ,the sun,the earth,today ,yesterday等；1. 单数名词词尾加 “ ,复数名词词尾没有s,也要加 “ ；s”例 the

2、boy s bag 男孩的书包mens room 男厕所2. 如名词已有复数词尾又是s ,只加 “ ”；例 the workers struggle 工人的斗争3. 凡不能加 “ 的名词,都可以用 “名词 +of + 名词 ”的结构来表示全部关系；例 the title of the song 歌的名字4. 在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时,修饰的名词；名词全部格的后面经常不显现它所例 the barber 理发店s,就表示 “分别有 ”；只有一个 s,就表示 “共5. 假如两个名词并列, 并且分别有 有”；例 Johns and Mary s room 两间 s；John and Mary

3、 s room一间 6. 在复合名词或短语中, s 加在最终一个词的词尾；例 a month or twos absence7 作为一个整体的词组,一般在最终一个词的词尾加例 an hour and a halfs walk （步行一个半小时的路程）Carol and Ch arles boat （卡咯和查尔斯两人共有的船）8. 不定代词后接 else , 全部格放在 else 上；例 somebody else s bag9. 以下情形可以将s 全部格中的名词省略；1名词全部格所修饰的词 , 假如前面已经提到,往往可以省略,以免重复；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -例 This no

4、tebook is not mine, nor Johns, nor Peter 这个笔记本不是我的,也不是约翰和比特的；The dictionary isnt mine, but Jenny这本词典不是我的,而是珍妮的；2名词全部格后面有指地点等的名词时, 有的在习惯上可以省略；例 Before Christmas, there were lots of customers at the Richardson s. the doctor（office ）医生的诊所my uncle s（house）我叔叔的家10 起修饰作用的名词,如不表示全部关系,通常不用s；第 1 页,共 7 页精选学习资

5、料 - - - - - - - - - 例 room number 学习必备欢迎下载tooth brush 二、另外一种全部格是由介词of 加名词构成的名词短语1.名词的全部格形式除 s外,仍可用 of+ 名词构成短语修饰前面的名词或表示两个名词间的全部关系；2. 使用名词全部格须留意 : 一般地说, s 全部格多用于有生命的东西,of 所有格多用于无生命的东西,但也有很多例外；1表示天体的名词的全部格用s；例 the sun s heat the moons surface2表示地区机构的名词的全部格用s；例 the citys developmentthe gover nments pla

6、n3表示度量与货币价值的全部格用s；例 ten kilometres distance200 dollars worth of goods4表示 “有关 ”非全部关系的用of 介词短语；例 students of the school the statue of liberty 5表示同位关系的用of 介词短语；例 the city of Pisa 6 表示部分或全部的用of 介词短语；例 the bottom of the sea the majority of people 7表示抽象概念的用of 介词短语；of 例 the cost of living the news of succe

7、ss 8 名词本身带有后置修饰语或含有“ the + 形容词 ”表示一类人,其全部格用介词短语；例 the housing problem of the poor the skills of the workers who have been well trained 9 有些表示时间、距离等无生命和表示世界、国家、城镇等的名词,也可以在词尾加 s或“,变成相应的全部格；例 five minutes walk 五分钟的路程today s newspaper 今日的报纸3 双重全部格双重全部格即“ of + 名词s 全部格 ”,表示整体中的一个或部分；用于修饰 of前面的名词, 但此时 of 前

8、面的名词肯定要有一个 aan ,two ,any,some,several,no,few,another 或 this ,that ,these,those 之类的修饰语 这个修饰语一般不能是 one 和 the ；双重全部格也可由 “ of+名词性物主代词 ”构成, 如：a friend of mine 我的一位伴侣；例 Do you know any friends of my husbands.Two classmates of my sisters will come to join us注：在双重全部格中,用作介词补足成分的全部格的名词必需是确定特指的,名师归纳总结 - - - -

9、- - -第 2 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载而且一般指人；例 an old friend of my father（=one of my fathers old friends ）我父亲的一个老伴侣this lovely baby of my aunt我姨妈的可爱的孩子【巩固训练】 1. Jim was late for two classes this morning. He said that he forgot both of the _. A. rooms number B. room number C. rooms number

10、 D. room numbers 解析 此题应选 D；起修饰作用的名词,如不表示全部关系,通常不用是全部关系； 2. The newly-built library is a _ building. ；此题房间和号码不A. five-storey B. five storeys C. five-storey D. five storeys解析 此题应选A； 3. - Whose umbrella is it. - It s _.s else D. Somebodys elseA. somebody else B. Somebody else C. Somebody解析 此题应选A；不定代词后接

11、 else , 全部格放在 else 上； 4. I feel terribly hot. Whats the _.A. temperature of room B. r ooms temperatureC. room temperature D. temperature of rooms解析 此题应选C； 5. _ will make a trip around the world during the coming Christmas. A. The White B. The Whites C. The Whites D. The White s 解析 此题应选 C； 6.The girl

12、 talking to Mary is a friend of _. D. Sister of MarysA. Mary s sister B. Mary sisterC. Mary s sister解析 此题应选C； 那个女孩是玛莉的姐姐的伴侣； 7. The woman over there is _ mother. A. Julia and ShelleyB. Julias and ShelleysC. Julia and Shelley D. Julias and Shelley解析 此题应选A；那个妇女是单数,是一个人；应当是朱莉娅和谢莉两人共同的母亲； 8. He is very

13、tired. He needs _. s rest D. a rest of night A. a night rest B. a rest night C. a night解析 此题应选C； 9 -Excuse me,where are _ offices. -Over thereA. teacher B. teachers C. the teacher D. the teachers解析 此题应选D； D 项的the teachers 是复数名词的全部格形式,修饰复数中心名词offices；C 项 the teacher 是单数名词全部格形式,从语法上讲不符合上下文,并且从内容上讲单个老师

14、拥有如干offices也讲不通,故舍之；A、B 项前面少了定冠词 the,成了泛指的offices,无法达到交际的目的,因此也不选； 10. It is widely believed that the pull of gravity on a falling raindrop changes round 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载shape into a teardrop shape. A. of the drop B. the drop C. drop of D. drops the 解

15、析此题应选 B；“ It ”是形式主语； “ that ”引导的是主语从句；主语从句的谓语是“changes into ” “把 变成 ”；其中“ into ”的前后应是对应的平行结构；很明显 A 和 D都不行,不能把“ changes”误作名词；C 转变了“ into ”的平行关系；只有 B 既能与前边的动词“changes ”连接,又能保持“ into ”的平行关系； 11 Today is September 10th. Its_. Lets go and buy some flowers fA. Teachers day B. Teachers Day C. the Teachers

16、day D. Teacher Day 解析 此题应选B； 留意不加冠词；2003 年北京西城区、天津市和 2002 年长沙市试题都考查了这个学问点； 12 Well have a _ holiday. What about going to the West Lake.A. two days B. two-day C. two-days D. two day s解析 此题应选B； 留意不同的表达方式：a two days 13 This is my dress. That one is _. holiday 或 a two-day holiday；A. Mary B. Mary C. shes

17、 D. his 解析 此题应选B； one 指代前面所提的 dress；那件裙子是玛莉的,表示裙子属于玛莉； 14. The is just around the corner and you wont miss it.A. bicycles shop B. bicycle shop C. bicycles shop D. bicycles shop解析 此题应选B；名词作定语可分两种情形,一是名词全部格；二是表示中心词的性质、材料、类别或性别等时,一般直接用名词的单数形式,只有 clothes, parents, goods, sports, sales 少数几个名词必需用复数形式；此处指商

18、店的性质,用单数形式,意思为：自行车商店就在拐角处,你不会错过它； 15 The village is far away from her indeed. It walk. sA. a four hour B. a four hours C. a four-hours D. a four hours解析 此题应选 D；冠词、数词、量词和名词连用有两种形式：一种是 a+数词量词的名词全部格名词,假如数词大于“ 1”,量词要用复数形式,如：a four miles journey; 另一种是：a数词-量词名词,这时量词要用单数形式；如：a four-mile walk. Exercises I.名

19、词全部格练习 . 名师归纳总结 1. _李明的父母 work in a big hospital. 2. This is _我妹妹的语文书 3. _双胞胎的卧房 are very nice. 4. _王平和王明的父亲 is a hotel manager. 5. Is this _你的好伴侣的钢笔 . 6. They are _Peter 和 Sam 的老师 . 7. _老师节 is on September 10th . 8. _同学们的桌椅 are very new. 9. We are very happy on _儿童节 . 第 4 页,共 7 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料

20、 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载10. He is in _ 老师的办公室 now. 11. Please open _ 教室的门 . 12. _赵敏的鞋 are white. 13. _ 林红和张蔚的学校 is big and new. 14. _John 和 Sally 的母亲 are American. 15. _ 刘伟的妻子的伴侣 is from Guangzhou. 16. _Tony哥哥的电脑 is broken. 17. It s _ 妇女节 on March 8th. 18. Are these _ 男生们的书包 . 19. That is _Tom 和

21、李雷的教室 . 20. _ 我父亲的和她父亲的伴侣 are from Beijing. II. 名词复数形式和数词的练习 . 1. There are _58 个同学 in our class. 2. There are _65 个班级 in our school. 3. I have _13 本书 in my schoolbag. 4. Are there _73套桌椅 in this classroom. 5. There re _27个男生 and _31个女生 in my class. 6. There are _15台电脑 in that room. 7. My grandma is

22、 _82 岁. 8. There are _44 位女老师 in her school. 9. There are _94位男医生 in that big hospital, 几只鸟 in the tree. 10. I can see _11. _多少幅画 are there in you bedroom . 12. I have _3 13. Can you see _本字典 . 一些风筝 in the sky . 14. Our school has _2 15. There are _12个图书馆 . 个月 in a year. 16. Paul s father is _57 岁.

23、17. There are _13 辆公共汽车 on the street. 18. We can see _18 个妇女 over there. 19. There are _22 20. I can see _个孩子 in the room. 六杯茶 on the table. III. 用 some 和 any 填空 . 1. I have _good friends in my class. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载2. Is there _water in the bottle

24、. 3. Do you have _money . 4. They dont have _time to go there.5. There are _cakes on the table. 6. I dont have _milk for breakfast.7. Does he have _brothers or sisters . 8. There arent _pictures on the wall.9. Can I ask _questions . 10. Are there _flowers in you classroom . No, there arent _.11. We

25、have _apples, but we dont have _pears.12. Is there _orange juice in the fridge . Yes, there is _. 13. I can speak _English, but I cant speak _Russian.14. Do they have _color pencil . No, they dont have _.15. There isnt _meat at home. I must go and buy _.16. Is there _tea in the cup . No, there isnt

26、_.17. I often have _noodles for lunch. My father has _rice for it. 18. Can you give me _pieces of bread . t _tables here.19. There are _desks here , but there aren20. Would you like _hamburgers to eat . IV. 句型转换 . A.把以下句子变为否定句 . 1. My sister can play the piano. 2. Her parents are Chinese teachers. 3

27、. There is some coffee in the cup. 4. There are some trees behind my house. 5. I have some red coats. 6. The boy can sing English songs. 7. These are my books. 8. Her father is a factory worker. 名师归纳总结 B. 把以下句子变为一般疑问句,并写出确定和否定回答. 第 6 页,共 7 页1. Tony can speak some Chinese. 2. My aunt is a secretary.

28、3. There is some bread in the paper bag. 4. Theses are my shoes. - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 5. 学习必备欢迎下载His mother is a university teacher. 6. There are some children in the park. 7. Her parents are doctors in that hospital. 名师归纳总结 8. Mrs. Brown can cook Chinese food. 第 7 页,共 7 页9. Those a

29、re her toys. 10. There is some coke in the bottle. C. 对划线部分提问 . 1. It s rainy and windy today.2. There are thirty-seven desks in my classroom. 3. The girl can ride a horse. 4. I like walking. 5. There are twenty-four hours in a day. 6. Her uncle is a policeman. 7. The sweaters in the boxes are blue.

30、 8. My grandma is about seventy years old. 9. I can see eleven boats on the lake. 10. I m a middle school student.D. 用所给的词将以下句子变位挑选疑问句. 1.He can speak English . Japanese. 2.My friend is a girl. boy 3.She is in Class Four. Class Five 4.Peter is from England. Australia 5.I am a teacher . manager 6. My bike is black. white - - - - - - -