2022年高考英语写作专题如何写好简单句.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载高考英语写作专题 如何写好简洁句英语 5 种基本句型1.S主）+ Vi.（不及物动词） （谓）常见的不及物动词有：appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise, laugh, smile, live, study, arrive, cry, 1isten, walk . S主语 Vi.（不及物动词）其它1. Time flies. 2. She sings beautifully. Adverbial 副词 3. He we

2、nt on holiday. Prep Phrase（介词短语）4. We stopped to have a rest. Infinitive 不定式）5. I will go swimming. Participle 分词）注: “There + beVi. + S ”也是属于第一种基本句型；2. S 主） + V.（谓）（lv. 系动词） + P（表）1S 主）lv. 系动词）P（表）We are Chinese. N. 名词）2This is mine. Pron. 代词 3The flowers smell sweet. Adj. （形容词）4Class is over. Adv.

3、副词）5Kid looks like his father. Prep. Phrase 6My friend becomes excited. Participle 分词）除了 be 系动词外,仍有一些动词也可以用作系动词,1表感官的动词,feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等；2表转变变化的动词,become, get, grow, turn, go,等；3表连续的动词 remain, keep, seem, hold, stay, rest 等；4表瞬时的动词 come, fall, set, cut, occur 等5其他动词 li

4、e, prove, ring, run, shine, sit, stand, continue, hang 等；注：以下常见“It ” 句式也是属于其次句型；1）It + be +adj./n. + to do 不定式 2）It + be +adj. + for/of +sb. + to do It is your duty to take care of your mother. It is easy for us to finish the project in two days. 3. S 主） + Vt. （及物动词） （谓） + O （宾）S 主）Vt.（及物动词）（谓）O（宾）1

5、I am studying English. N.名词 2She loves him. Pron.代词 3Helen wants to go there. Infinitive （不定式）4The kid doesn t know where to go. Wh-Word + Infinitive 5The thief admitted stealing the money. Gerund（动名词）6I believe that there is nothing wrong. That-clause（ that 从句）注：1 S + Vt. + infinitive 不定式）I want to

6、 help him. 常用于这句型的动词有：attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise, propose, purpose, refuse, want, wish 等；2 S + Vt. + Wh-Word + Infinitive I dont know what to do. 常用于这句型的动词有：ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, inquire, know

7、, learn, observe, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder 等；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3 S + Vt. + Gerund I enjoy living here. 学习必备欢迎下载常用于这句型的动词有：admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, gi

8、ve up, cant help ,look forward to, stick to 等；4 S + Vt. + That-clause I dont think that he is right. 常用于这句型的动词有：Admit, believe, command, confess, declare, demand, deny, doubt, expect, explain, feel 觉得）, hear（听说）, hope, imagine, intend, know, mean, mind（当心）, notice, propose, request, report, say, see

9、（看出）,show, suggest, suppose, think, understand, wish, wonder觉得古怪）；4. S 主） + Vt. （谓） + I.O. （间接 宾） + D.O. （直接 宾）S 主）Vt. （谓）I.O. （间接 宾）D.O.（直接 宾）1. I sent him N.名词 a book. 2. Mother gave Mary Pron.代词 a nice gift yesterday. 3. My father bought me Pron.代词 a story book. 4. My uncle brought my brother N.名

10、词 a new watch. 5. He can inform you Pron.代词 where the teacher lives. 从句 本句型的谓语动词所发出的动作有两个对象,一为“ 人或动物等”,称为间接宾语；另一为“ 物或事” ,称为直接宾语；本句型也可以把“D.O.” 置于“I.O.”之前,应留意用介词 to 或 for,句型为：S + Vt. + N./Pron. + To/for-phrase. 如： 1）He sent me a book.He sent a book to me. 2）He bought me a coat.He bought a coat for me.

11、间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有：bring, deny, give, grant, hand, leave, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, permit, promise, read, render, restore, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write 等；间接宾语前需要加 for 的常用动词有： bring, buy, cash, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order, paint, play演奏）,save, sing, spare等；5. S 主） + Vt. （谓）

12、 + O.（宾） + O.C. （宾补）1. S 主）Vt. （谓）O.（宾）O.C. （宾补）We named our daughter N./Pron. Mary. N. 2. He made our garden N./Pron. very beautiful. Adj. 3. She keeps everything N./Pron. in good order. Pren. Phrase 4. I ask him N./Pron. to help me. Infinitive 5. I caught him N./Pron. cheating in exam. Participle

13、6. He taught me N./Pron. how to learn English. Wh-word + Infinitive 7. He told me N./Pron. that he passed the exam. That clause 8. He advised me N./Pron. when we should start. Wh-clause 此句型中的动词叫做可以跟复合宾语的动词,后面的宾语补足语是说明宾语的情形的,宾语和宾语补足语一起被称做复合宾语；注：1 S + Vt. + N./Pron. + N 常用于这句型的动词有：appoint, call, choos

14、e, elect, entitle, find, make, name, nominate命名）；2 S + Vt. + N./Pron. + Adj 常用于这句型的动词有：beat, boil, cut, drive, find, get, hold, keep, leave, like, make, paint, see, set, turn, want, wash, wipe, wish 等；3 S + Vt. + N./Pron. + Prep Phrase 4 S + Vt. + N./Pron. + Infinitive She always keeps everything in

15、 good order. 常用于这句型的动词有： a不定式带 to 的词：advice, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, command, decide, encourage, expect, force, get, hate, invite, know, leave, like, love, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remain, request, teach, tell, want, warn, wish 等；b不定式不带 to 的词：feel, have, hear, know, let, listen to, l

16、ook at, make, notice, see, watch 等；5 S + Vt. + N./Pron. + Participle 分词）常用于这句型的动词有：catch, feel, find, get, have, hear, imagine, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice, observe, perceive, see, set, smell, start, watch 等；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备欢迎下载advise, ask, inf

17、orm, show, 6 S + Vt. + N./Pron. + Wh-word + Infinitive 常用于这句型的动词有：teach, tell 等；7 S + Vt. + N./Pron. + That-clause 常用于这句型的动词有：assure, inform, promise, remind, teach, tell, warm 等；8 S + Vt. + N./Pron. + Wh-Clause 常用于这句型的动词有：Advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell. 6. There be 句型此句型是由 there + be + 主语 +

18、 状语 构成,用以表达某地存在有,它其实是倒装的一种情形,主语位于谓语动词 be 之后, there 仅为引导词,并无实际意义；Be 与其后的主语在人称和数上一致,有时态和情态变化；如,现在有 there is / are 可能有 there might be. 过去有 there was / were确定有 there must be / there must have been.将来有 there will be / there is / are going to 过去始终有 there used to be be. 好像有 there seems / seem / seemed to b

19、e 现在已经有 there has / have been碰巧有 there happen / happens / happened to be.注： 我们受汉语的干扰,会运用一些汉式表达；请观看以下句子：1）There are two boys are waiting for you. 去掉其次个are 或 boys 后加 who 2）There are many people do exercises in the park every morning. 去掉 There are 此句型有时可用live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arriv

20、e, 等词代替be 动词；Eg: There lived an old man at the foot of the mountain. There lies a book on the desk. 注：在书面表达中； “ 有 ” 这个含义,我们会情不自禁地使用 There are 和 have 结构来表达；虽然能表达出原意,可千篇一律,总会显得俗气呆板；试比较以下句子,便可见分晓；学校的体育中心有三个运动区域；1 There are three athletic areas in the school sports centre. 2 The school sports centre con

21、tains three athletic areas. Better with 结构也有“ 有” 的含义；主要用法介绍如下：1） It s a small flat of 25 square metres, with a bedroom, a bathroom, and a kitchen. 2） with + 宾语 + 介词短语 3） with + 宾语 + 现在分词He sat in a chair, with a newspaper in his hands. He arrived at a mountain, with a tower standing at the top. With

22、 winter coming on, it s time to buy warm clothes. 练习：（一）主谓结构（主语不及物动词）1. 你应当努力学习；2. 她昨天回家很晚；_ 3. 那天早上我们谈了许多；4. 会议将连续两个小时；_ 5. 在过去的十年里,我的家乡已经发生了庞大的变化；_ 6. 这种事情全世界各地每天都在发生；7. 每天八时开头上课；_ 8. 这个盒子重五公斤；9. 五年前我住在北京；_ 10. 让我们立刻行动起来；11恰好他身边有钱；_ 12. 渐渐地她脸上露出了一丝笑容；_ （二）主谓宾结构（主语及物动词宾语）名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共

23、 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载1. 昨晚我写了一封信；2. 今日下午我想同你谈谈；_ 3. 这本书他读过多次了；4. 他们胜利地完成了方案；_5. 你们必需在两周内看完这些书；6. 我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信；_ 7. 我们大家都信任Jack 是一个诚恳男孩；8. 他不知道说什麽好；_ （三）主系表结构（主语系动词表语）1. 我的兄弟都是高校生；2. 冬季白天短,夜晚长；_ 3. 布朗夫人看起来很健康；4. 十五岁他就成为出名的钢琴家了；_5. 孩子们,请保持寂静；6. 这本书是有关美国历史的书；_ 7. 她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童；8. 他

24、失业了；_ 9. 树叶已经变黄了；10. 这个报告听起来很有意思；_ 11. 商店开到八点；12机器出了毛病；_ 13这些努力好像全都白费了；14这话听起来有道理；_ 15房里一会儿就挤满了人；_ （四）双宾语结构（主语及物动词间接宾语直接宾语）1Johnson 先生去年教我们德语；2. 奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个好玩的故事； _ 3. Mary 把钱包交给校长了；4. 请把那本字典递给我好吗？ _ 5. 他把车票给列车员看；6. 这个学期我已经给父母写过三封信了；_ 7. 我父亲已经给我买了一辆新自行车；8. Robinson Crusoe 给自己做了一只小船；_ 9. 请你给我弄一本新的,好吗

25、？10. 我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？_ （五）复合宾语结构（主语及物动词宾语宾语补足语）1. 他的父母给他取名为John. 2. 每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语；_ 3. 我们大家都认为他是诚恳的；4. 他们把门推开了；_ 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载5. 我们要使学校变得更漂亮；6. 我要你把真相告知我；_ 7. 给我几分钟考虑一下；8. 我们不会让她在晚上外出的；_ 9. 他每个月理一次发；10. 我要请人把我的录音机修理一下；_ 11. 那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了；12. 她正在听人家讲

26、故事；_ 13. 我从来没观察这个字这样用过；14. 他感到很难跟你交谈；_15. 学校定了一条规章,开头上课时同学要起立；16. 我认为与那个人谈话是无益的；_ 17. 祝一路平安；18 你让我等了三个钟头；_ （六） There be 句型1. 今晚没有会；2. 这个学校有一名音乐老师和一名美术老师；_ 3. 天气预报说下午有大风；4. 灯亮着,办公室里确定有人；_ 5. 恰好那时房里没人；6. 公共汽车来了；_ 7. 就只剩下二十八美元了；8. 在这个山洞前面长着一棵高大的松树；_ 9. 铃响了；10. 最近几年 ,这个村庄发生了庞大的变化；_ 11. 过去这条河上有座桥；12. 他的回

27、答应当没有什么可怀疑的；_ 13. 十字路口处站着一个警察；_ 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载英语 5 种基本句型答案：（一） 1. You should study hard. 3. That morning we talked a great deal. 2. She went home very late yesterday evening. 4. The meeting will last two hours. 5. Great changes have taken place in m

28、y home town in the past ten years. 6. Things of that sort are happening all over the world every day. 7. Classes begin at eight every day. 8. This box weighs five kilos. 9. I lived in Beijing five years ago. 10. Lets act at once/ immediately11. He happened to have some money with him. （二） 1. I wrote

29、 a letter last night. 3. He has read this book many times. 12. Gradually a smile appeared on her face. 2. I want to talk with you this afternoon. 4. They have carried out the plan successfully. 5. You must finish reading these books in two weeks. 6. I received a letter from my pen friend in Australi

30、a. 7. All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy. （三） 1. My brothers are all college students. 3. Mrs. Brown looks very healthy. 5. Children, keep quiet please. 8. He did not know what to say. 2. In winter, the days are short and the nights are long. 4. At the age of fifteen he became a famous pia

31、nist. 6. This book is about the history of the United States. 7. Her job is to look after the children in the nursery. 8. He is out of work. 9. The leaves have turned yellow. 10. The report sounds interesting. 11. The shop stays open till 8 oclock. 12. The machine went wrong.13. All these efforts se

32、em in vain 14. These words sound reasonable. 15. The room soon became crowded. （四） 1. Mr. Johnson taught us German last year. 3. Mary handed the wallet to the schoolmaster. 5. He showed the ticket to the conductor. 7. My father has bought me a new bike. 9. Will you please get me a new copy. （五） 1. H

33、is parents named him John. 3. All of us considered him honest. 5. We will make our school more beautiful. 2. Grandma told me an interesting story last night. 4. Would you please pass me the dictionary. 6. This term I have written three letters to my parents. 8. Robinson Crusoe made himself a boat. 10. Shall I call you a taxi. 2. Every morning we hear him read English aloud. 4. They pushed the door open. 6. I want you to tell me the truth 7. Give me a few minutes to think. 8. We won t let her go out at night.9. He has his hair cut once a month. 10. Ill